Kuku, who hails from the Nuba Mountains, is a primary school teacher, an activist and a member of the Sudan Peoples’ Liberation Movement – North (SPLM-N). She was targeted for helping displaced Nubans who fled the war in South Kordofan and hosting them in her own home. She recorded a video in which she spoke about the humanitarian situation in the Nuba Mountains.

Out of the eight months Jalila has served in jail so far, three of them were spent in solitary confinement. She is now under threat of the death sentence as she has been accused of serious charges under the Sudanese criminal law; namely Article 51, of waging war against the state, and Article 50, which entails undermining the constitutional system. Her trial remains shrouded in secrecy as Kuku’s lawyers are still being denied access to the details of her case.

Jalila Khamis Kuku has been unjustly detained by the Sudanese security organ since mid-March 2012.

Activists froms the civil society called for a campaign to release Jalila, and youth movement “Girifna” (We Are Fed Up) participated via a campaign on the 8th and 9th of November to condemn the Jalila's ongoing detention using social media platforms such as Facebook and Twitter. November 14th marks the activist’s eighth month in detention.

@girifna: Thurs-Fri Nov9/10 GIRIFNA will host tweeting campaign 4 Jalila's freedom bc Nov14 will b her 8 months n detention w/o trial #Jalila8Months

On Twitter, netizens from Sudan and other parts of the world rushed to answer the call and tweeted, demanding Jalila’s release.

Aliah Khaled tweeted:

@AliahKhaled: #Jalila8Months #FreeJalila who is a teacher,who speaks about the injustice in her region,who fights 4 human rights shouldn't be where she is

Sudanese journalist Reem Shawkat tweeted:

@ReemShawkat: I dedicate all my tweets today to Jalila Khamis, an activist, mother and teacher in detention since March 14 #Sudan #Jalila8Months

Dalia Haj-Omer, a Sudanese human rights activist, tweeted:

@daloya: Jalila speaks: My children's life turned to hell…they refused to celebrate Eid, it's the 2nd w/o me #Jalila8Months http://tinyurl.com/bqt5lsl

Many others joined the online campaign, relentlessly tweeting:

@Sudanesedream: Jalila Khamis is a peace activist, one of the few persons who stood up against war in #Sudan #Jalila8Months

@Neo0rabie:شهور_يا_جليلة جليلة خميس كوكو ، ذنبها انسانيتها #Jalila8Months

@Neo0rabie: Jalila Khamis Kuku, her only fault is her humanity

@africathinker: Jalila Khamis,will be executed very soon unless we do something.Her crime …speaking out against the Sudanese government.#Jalila8months #Nuba

@ReemHajo: freedom to #Jalila8months who speaks about the truth, FREEDOM to our beloved #SUDAN

@Galaxy717: ننادي بالحرية لمن فقدتها لأنها نادت لغيرها بالحرية وطالبت بحقه ،، فشتان بين من كانت قضيتها وطن وبين من كانت قضيته قبض الثمن #Jalila8Months

@Galaxy717: We call for the freedom of a woman who lost it because she called for freedom and rights .. There is a difference between those whose cause is a nation and those who get paid for their stance

Muzan Alneel condemned the United Nations’ lack of action, tweeting:

@MuzanAlneel: dear #UN when u placed #SudanInECOSOC did u think about #Darfur? #Jalila8months? #Shawa? damn it did u think about #Sudan|ese ppl at all?

“Girifna” vows to continue campaigning for Jalila Khamis Kuku.

@girifna: We are continuing our campaign for Jalila.Raise your voice for a woman who risked her life for the truth #Jalila8Months http://www.girifna.com/7032

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The Sudanese National Intelligence and Security Service (NISS) launched a heavy-handed campaign in mid-June 2012, arresting thousands of protesters, activists, political party members and leaders and even law-abiding citizens from protest sites, universities, public places and in many cases people’s homes, following anti-regime protests.

However, once the protests calmed down over two months, the NISS began releasing detainees; August 17 marked the largest number of detainees released.

Among those released is Twitter activist Usamah Mohamed Ali who was arrested from the scene of a protest in Khartoum on June 22.

Usamah Mohamed Ali is a Sudanese Twitter activist who was arrested at a protest. He has tweeted his prison experience following his release.

A month into Usamah’s arrest, Mimz wrote a blog post highlighting his detention.

A day after his release, he tweeted a mere two words but confirmed to his followers that he had been released:

@simsimt: Struggle continues.

Adding:

@simsimt: I'm so grateful for all who campaigned for me! Tweets, topics & support msgs brought a lump to my throat several times while I was reading!

A week later, Usamah wrote a series of short tweets narrating the conditions of his arrest.

He started off:

@simsimt: Without further detail for now, I was arrested by an #NISS agent in plainclothes who approached me while I was tweeting. #SudanRevolts

@simsimt: I remember very clearly that I was writing about the huge attempts made by #NISS to prevent any documentation of the protest. #SudanRevolts

Usamah explained that he refused to give away the password to his phone, provoking the anger of the NISS officers:

@simsimt: Locking my phone, which I've password-protected, later became the catalyst for much abuse, torture & interrogation I'd endured #SudanRevolts

Stating:

@simsimt: When taken to an #NISS pickup truck that was stationed by the protest area, I was ordered several times to unlock my phone. #SudanRevolts

@simsimt: I fiercely refused. When they finally gave up on me, I was taken alone on a pickup, blindfolded, to #NISS premises in Bahri. #SudanRevolts

He then notes the emotional and physical torture he sustained while in detention:

@simsimt: At #NISS building, I endured almost 4 or 5 hours of verbal abuse, severe beating up and all kind of threats to unlock my phone #SudanRevolts

@simsimt: I was threatened w/ sexual assault/abuse numerous times during that day. At one point, even by a top-rank #NISS officer. #SudanRevolts

Noting that:

@simsimt: I endured severe beating up on my head w/ a rock, 'cause my phone while in their possession, received a call from the U.S. #SudanRevolts

@simsimt: The torturer who had gone pretty mad was hysterically shouting “You're an agent, AGENT, AGENT!” while beating me up! #SudanRevolts

Explaining that NISS officers forcefully deprived him of sleep:

@simsimt: When again, they finally gave up on me, I was ordered by an officer, in front of me, to be deprived from sleeping. #SudanRevolts

Usamah concluded saying:

@simsimt: I hold #NISS accountable for everything I've endured. I remember the faces of my torturers and abusive officers. #SudanRevolts

This post is part of our special coverage #SudanRevolts.

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As the Sudanese people's anti-regime mass demonstrations enter their second month, the Sudanese government and its notorious National Intelligence and Security Services (NISS) continue their heavy clampdown on protests amid growing dissent.

Thousands of Sudanese activists remain in detention, including prominent Twitter activist Usamah M. Ali (@simsimt), who was kidnapped by the NISS over three weeks ago.

On Friday, July 13, 2012, the women of Sudan were at the forefront of the protests, where they chanted for the fall of the regime and demanded the release of all political detainees. This Friday was inaugurated the “Kandaka Friday”, in a reference to the brave and revolutionary women of Sudan. Kandake (Candace) in the Kushitic language is a title for strong women. The term was used by the Kushites to refer to their queens.

In the wake of the “Kandaka Friday”, more women were arrested in a blatant attempt by the NISS to mock the day dedicated to the women of Sudan: the Kandaka's.

Upon her release, Aliah Khaled, who was detained along with her mother and sister on Kandaka Friday, tweeted that police fired excessive teargas on protesters.

@AliahKhaled: I can't even count the bombs fired at us this time. Ridiculous amounts & they were fired far off into & by the mosque. ‪#SudanRevolts

She added:

@AliahKhaled: I was holding my mom's hand & by the mosque's gate there was a tear gas bomb that no one could've escaped. ‪#SudanRevolts

And:

@AliahKhaled: It was my first time seeing a lot of people scream of pain at once & throw up from the effect of tear gas. ‪#SudanRevolts

She said regarding her arrest:

@AliahKhaled: When we got to the ‪#NISS‬ offices in Omdurman, I will never forget the sight of MANY arrested young men, sitting facing the wall

Noting that the NISS was openly mocking the Kandaka-themed Friday:

@AliahKhaled: #NISS‬ officers congratulate each other upon the arrests & upon the arrival of new detainees to their HQ. They mocked the name Al Kandaka.

Zeinab Badreldine, whose son has been in detention for the past three weeks, was also arrested by the NISS on Kandaka Friday, along with her daughter. They were later on released, but her son remains incarcerated. She is one of the hundreds of women, wives, daughters, sisters and respectable members of the Sudanese community to be harassed, detained and emotionally abused by the NISS.

In addition to mass arrests and the targeting of female activists and protesters, incidents of rape have been reported as well as serious injuries sustained by female victims, such as Halima Hussein Omar, a junior at the University of Khartoum, who lost her eye as she was making her way out of campus during a protest.

In the backdrop of #SudanRevolts, around 2,000 remain in the custody of the NISS without facing any charges and denied access to lawyers. However, despite the government's intense crackdown on protests and president Omar Al-Bashir's insistence that the Sudanese revolution is neither a continuation of the Arab Spring nor a succession to the Sudanese people's two previous uprisings, netizens remain optimistic that the tidal wave of protests will subsequently bring an end to the reign of the ruling National Congress Party (NCP).

Mighty Mo note that every Sudanese must play their part in the revolution, which he predicts will be a success:

@mighty_mo_1: Years from now, you will be asked… where were you during the revolution? What role did you play? ‪#sudanrevolts

Adding that:

@mighty_mo_1: We are (and will remain) “detained” until we remove the NCP ‪#sudanrevolts

Ahmad Mohamed tweeted his aspirations of a better economy once the ruling NCP is overthrown, saying:

@AhmadMohamed10: Instantly available (no lead time) with the NCP gone: lifting of sanctions, oil revenues from SS, foreign investment ‪#SudanRevolts‬ ‪#Sudan

Support for #SudanRevolts from netizens from neighboring countries never ceases, where Aguil Lual Blunt tweeted on #KandakaFriday:

@AguilB: Women of the Sudans have always played a proud role in history. In honor of Abuk, Ajoba, & the Kandake – SALUTE to women of ‪#SudanRevolts

And from Egypt, the new @SudanRevoltsOrg is run by Egyptian activists who think the Sudanese revolution is just as important as the Egyptian one.

This post is part of our special coverage Sudan Revolts.

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This however does not justify the blatant lack of interest from international media outlets. Al Jazeera, for instance, played a prominent role in reporting the uprisings in several Arab countries, but netizens say it seems to ignore the events currently unfolding in Sudan.

Sudanese women at the forefront of #SudanRevolts.

The media coverage of recent protests in Sudan was confined to articles in Al Arabiya and Al Jazeera, including some snippets on Al Jazeera’s English Channel. Other news outlets to cover the protests include CNN, the Malaysian news outlet The Star, the New York Times, Yahoo News, ABC News, and the Chicago Tribune. Nonetheless, this has not brought enough attention to the issues on the ground, as most of these news outlets don’t have much impact in the region, say netizens.

The protests kicked off after Friday prayers in a mosque in Wad Nubawi neighborhood in Omdurman. A call for protests tagged as #SandstormFriday was made a day earlier. The demonstrations were organized to protest against rising prices and the government’s new austerity plans that were announced by Sudanese president Omar Al-Bashir and implemented last week.

Those who heard about the protest made their way there. Hamid was one of them; he tweeted [ar]:

After prayer, people gathered in front of the mosque and marched on one of the main roads in Wad Nubawi chanting anti-regime slogans. This protest lasted a few hours before police dispersed the crowd with tear gas and plain clothed police men infiltrated the ranks of the protesters.

After the protests were disbanded, Yousif Al Mahdi was on the scene and tweeted:

Protest back on inside district, wad nubawi fighting back, police cars in sideroads & firing tear gas @ houses

At the same time, similar protests started in Burri neighbourhood of Khartoum, and eventually in Al-Daim. The protests in Burri were quickly suppressed by security personnel and police. Al-Daim however was too much for the authorities to handle. Ammar Mahdi tweets:

Hours ago from ‪#AlDaim district , ppl throwing police signs and step on them.

Moez Ali shares a photograph of a burning police car on Twitter

The protests in Al-Daim went on into the night with several police trucks burnt by protesters. Haitham Makkawi was on the ground and claimed that Al-Daim residents have taken over the scene:

Al-Daim residents have completely taken over! Photos of burnt down police trucks were all over twitter showing the aftermath of the protests.

Later that night another protest started in Siteen Street, a main road in Khartoum next to Riyad neighbourhood; this photo shows protesters gathering around a burnt tyre in the middle of the road.

Girifna, a non-violent movement, used social media sites like Facebook and Twitter to convey information about the whereabouts of protests around the tri-state capital. In this tweet [ar], Girifna directs people to the location of new protests in Omdurman:

Girifna’s efforts portray the advantages of citizen journalism in a country where free speech and reporting is suppressed.

The Sudanese online community was overjoyed by the events unfolding in the capital Khartoum; Hamid Murtada, who was at the heart of the protests, tweeted [ar]:

Some of the Sudanese Twitter users likened the events happening in Khartoum to those in other countries in the region and maintained solidarity with those struggling with dictatorial regimes elsewhere. Khalid Ewais, a journalist with Al Arabiya, tweeted [ar]:

The Sudanese Diaspora were on standby for those who needed help on the ground giving tips on how to document the protests and possible use of social media sites in the advent of an internet shutdown. Nada, a Sudanese residing in Egypt, advised on how best to cover the demonstrations:

if u are an IPHONE user & are amongst the protesters in sudan, download USTREAM thru the app. world. ‪#SudanRevolts.

The online Sudanese community seems optimistic about the course of the Sudanese revolution, where many promise that June 30, 2012 will be the ruling National Congress Party's final anniversary.

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In his last tweet, Usamah was advocating free content to help spread the word about the events happening on the streets in the capital Khartoum:

Btw, I'm just being technical. You can use my tweets without even mentioning me. Free content advocate here!

Usamah’s last couple of tweets included information about his whereabouts and the situation on the ground. He was in Burri area next to Nile Street [ar]:

#FreeUsamah

في بري الشريف. عدد كبير من بكاسي الاحتياط والأمن ودفارات الشرطة والأهالي بأعداد متفرقة واقفين. ‎‫#جمعة_الكتاحة‬

In Burri al-Sharif. Large number of security and police trucks and residents in wide numbers standing.

where he saidthere was a lot of security presence, and arrests taking place:

الأمنجية أعدادهم كبيرة ومتمركزين في أكتر من بوكسي. في بحري الشفناهم كانو مسلحين. أفتكر كلهم بكونو كدة. ‎‫#جمعة‬

There's a large number of NISS agents and they're centered at more than one truck. In Khartoum North, the ones we saw were armed. I think they are all like that.

He tweeted a photograph of arrests being made by security personnel, moments before getting arrested himself.

بوكسي الأمن دة وقف العربية السيلفر الواقفة وراو وطلعو منها زول وركبو معاهم. العربية فيها أولاد وبنات. ‎‫#جمعة_الكتاحة

This NISS truck intercepted the silver car parked behind it and dragged someone out of it. They took him with them to their car. The car is filled with boys and girls.

Two hours prior to his arrest, Usamah made sure to inform people that he was in the company of his brother Asaad (@Arch_Asaad), who was also arrested but later released.

أنا معاي ‎@Arch_Asaad عشان بس لو حصلت اي حاجة.

I'm with Asaad, just in case anything happens to me.

Asaad tweeted as soon he was released that he didn’t know the whereabouts of Usamah.

@simsimt is not released yet! And I don't know where is he!!

According to Asaad, Usamah was taken to NISS headquarters in Khartoum North while he himself was taken to a police station in Khartoum.

Usamah’s friends were tweeting their concern for his safety and demanding his immediate release. Ayman Elkhidir showed his concern for Usamah,

Tweep and activist @simsimt was arrested by NISS yesterday. ‪#FreeUsamah‬ ‪#SudanRevolts‬ ‫#السودان_ينتفض‬

Montaga Elameen demanded people spread the word about all the people detained at the protests:

keep tweeting & RT's about Detainees @simsimt & @OmarMahgoub ‪#FreeOmer‪ #FreeUsamah ‫#السودان_ينتفض‪#Sudan_Revolts  

Egyptian Mohammed Al Dahshan, a journalist, writer and a personal friend of Usamah’s, was also concerned for his safety, tweeting:

Good night. Hopefully tomorrow will bring better news from ‪#Sudan, with inshallah @Simsimt, Ahmed Hussein, and all the others free.

Earlier that day, Usamah recorded a video for Al Jazeera’s The Stream highlighting his reasons for going to the street on the 30^th of June 2012 – the planned protest date, and the 23^rd anniversary of the Sudan’s current ruling National Congress Party.

Several other Sudanese Twitter users have been arrested and released, such as Omer Mahgoub (@OmarMahgoub), who was released today. He was held in the same building as Usamah, but says he has not seen him.

Usamah has been in the custody of the notorious NISS for over 24 hours, and his twitter friends are campaigning for him using #FreeUsamah.

In the wake of the ongoing protests taking place in Khartoum and other states calling on the fall of the regime, numerous other peaceful protesters have been kidnapped by the NISS and many of them were tortured.

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The following day, on June 18, more protests broke out at the University of Khartoum only to be met with more police brutality. The students were chanting the all too familiar “The people want the fall of the regime.” The crackdown that followed saw several students arrested and injured.

The protests at the main university campus prompted more protests in other campuses, including the Education College in Omdurman and the Agriculture College in Khartoum North. The protesters were cordoned off by police and security forces, and several arrests were made.

On the first day of protests, a speech by president Omar Al-Bashir discussing the government’s austerity plans failed to pacify the angry protesters. The plan included a reduction in fuel subsidies – which has a direct effect on the prices of basic commodities – and significant cuts to government spending. The plans to reduce oil subsidies is aimed at reducing a US$2.5 billion budget deficit after the loss of oil revenues due to the secession of South Sudan in July last year.

Bloomberg’s Sudan correspondent, Salma El Wardany, tweeted:

@s_elwardany: The main reason behind today's #KhartoumUniv protest: Sudan Raises Transport Costs 35% Amid Plan to Cut Fuel Subsidy.

The removal of fuel subsidies will result in a further increase in inflation, already at 30%.

Sudan’s opposition National Consensus Forces promised to launch mass protests against the government’s planned austerity measures but were nowhere to be seen during the two days of protests in the capital.

Sherehan Abdulmutti shares this photograph of protesters on the streets of Khartoum on Twitter

The online Sudanese community tweeted pictures of protestors being met with heavy police bombardment in the university protest and other protests in the streets of Khartoum.

Mohammed Ahmed showed his frustration at the lack of coverage of the events that took place in Khartoum by tweeting:

“u better be kiddin me … Only 2 min of the truth …. Alarabia tv”.

To their desperation, the Sudanese community on Twitter welcomed Al Jazeera’s – and their social media show, The Stream – intentions of covering the protests with open arms and jubilation.

Amru tweeted:

@Shamarat @Sally__Osama @Usiful_ME @ajarabic @ajenglish @ajstream @St_Abdul  Finally some coverage pic.twitter.com/sD64IDsU,

while tagging several media outlets in a desperate attempt to attract attention to the issues on the ground.

Muhammed Hamadain praised Al Jazeera’s The Stream for the late, yet necessary coverage of the protests in Khartoum, saying:

@AJStream you are late but good that we could make u catch up with #السودان_ينتفض #SudanRevolts

Girifna, a non violent movement targeted by government security forces in the past year with many of its members detained for several months, has called for a general protest on 30 June, the 23rd anniversary of the National Congress Party’s (NCP) reign. Girifna’s official Twitter account tweeted:

@girifna calls on all citizens of #Sudan to take to the streets on #June30 & celebrate the final anniversary of NCP's reign #SudanRevolts.

Sudanese online activists and concerned citizens alike are surprised at the late arrival, or lack, of an Arab Spring in Sudan.  Hafez optimistically tags the current protests in Khartoum Sudan’s Arab Spring:

so Sudan is almost 1.5 years late entering its Arab spring, so let's say hello to it #arabspring.

Twitter users from the Egyptian community showed their solidarity and expressed that the time for a revolution in Sudan is now; where this Twitter user noted:

@maysarathustra: Girifna must be aware that time for revolution is NOW, mobilize all people of Sudan to march the streets for revolution‪#SudanRevolts ‪#Sudan

Shayma Idris, a Sudanese on Twitter, said:

@AJStream  @girifna  @MimzicalMimz third day and we are moving forward to our aim..soon every st. will be FREE from NCP poison.

There seems to be a common sense of optimism that the recent protests in Khartoum will evolve into an all out revolution. The only concern seems to be the lack of professional coverage of the protests. The Sudanese online community believe that media coverage was an integral part of the revolutions in Egypt and Tunisia, and are therefore demanding the same for Sudan. With prices of basic commodities on a high, and the removal of fuel subsidies, a revolution is not far-fetched.

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On April 29, 2012, the Twitterverse was filled with an atmosphere of union and solidarity between Twitter users from both countries. Inspired by late Dr. John Garang’s vision for a “New Sudan”, they initiated the hashtag #newSUDANS and voiced their opinions, perceptions and hopes for two new democratic Sudans.

Aguil Lual (@AguilB) called on Sudanese and South Sudanese on Twitter to revive the momentum of Garang’s “New Sudan” speech and join the dialogue, saying:

@AguilB: What are your dreams 4 peaceful co-existence of the Sudans? Thoughts on CPA? What our leaders should do? #join the conversation #newSUDANS

Former South Sudan leader John Garang. Photo source: usaid.gov.

Aguil also called for freedoms and pride:

@AguilB: Freedom to report on politics, politicians, corruption, & rights abuses w/out being detained/beaten/silenced, impoverished #newSUDANS

And added:

@AguilB: Pride in our Sudaness. One day the news reports & int'l com will showcase South Sudan & Sudan as a model 4 peaceful transition #newSUDANS

Ali (@kashiff111) noted his vision for #newSUDANS:

@kashiff111: #newSUDANS powerful with it's individualism, colorful with its diversity, tolerant with it's unity, peaceful with it's faith.

Raian Gibrel (@bro0ownsugar) envisioned women empowerment, recognition of freedoms and an end to corruption:

@bro0ownsugar: empower women in order to get the other half of the society active and productive #newSUDANS

@bro0ownsugar: freedom of speech, religion, political practice #newSUDANS

@bro0ownsugar: “Eliminate corruption and all its resources #newSudans”

Muhanad Rabie (@Neo0rabie) called on peaceful conflict resolution:

@Neo0rabie: #newSUDANS Every one Must put his gun down. lets talk it out. Money you spend in War can be better spend in development, Health & Education

Muhanad also voiced his hope for the return of Sudanese in the Diaspora:

@Neo0rabie: People in #Diaspora have got to come back one day. #newSudans

Asmara Adanis (@AsmaraAdanis) cited good healthcare:

@AsmaraAdanis: Human life is valued. Unjustified death of Sudanese citizens not simply labelled destiny. Existence of #HealthCare #newSUDANS

Omer Abdellatif (@OmerAbdellatif) called against using religion to manipulate people:

@OmerAbdellatif: Do NOT use religion as a tool to manipulate people & laws! Treat people fairly regardless of religious backgrounds! #newSUDANS

On the other hand, Ahmed K (@SkinyTestaverde) preached secularism in #newSUDANS:

@SkinyTestaverde: Were we take advantage of our incredible diversity, eliminate tribalism, and realize that secularism is GOOD for religion #newSUDANS

Moez Ali (@his_moezness) used #newSUDANS to express that Sudanese people from all tribes and ethnicities should be identified as one:

@his_moezness: I'm from Shendi, El Fasher, Juba, El Damazin. I'm a Northerner, a
Southerner, a Nuba, a Zaghawi, a Fur and a Hadandawi #newSUDANS

Muhammad Osman (@Meltilib) promoted the elimination of racism, economic equality and freedom from intellectual materialism:

@Meltilib: #NewSudans where diseases of racism, ethno-centersim & religious bigotry are no more.

@Meltilib: #NewSudans with less economic inequality

@Meltilib: #NewSudans should be free of all forms of intellectual materialism.

Ahmad Mohamed (@AhmadMohamed10) tweeted his aspirations for #newSUDANS:

@AhmadMohamed10: I dream of the day when the #newSUDANS form a EU style federation with all the freedoms & economic cooperation that entails.

@AhmadMohamed10: Sudan and South Sudan – living side by side in peace with close economic, cultural & social cooperation/exchange. #NewSUDANS

And finally, Osman Musa (@OsmanBMusa) hoped:

@OsmanBMusa: No more trouble #newSUDANS.

The hashtag #newSUDANS continues.

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