Global Voices » Jose Murilo

Battisti: The Italo-Brazilian Imbroglio over Shadows of the Past

Jose Murilo — Tue, 10 Feb 2009 14:09:38 +0000

Brazil and Italy will meet in a football game today in London. The friendly match is far from having the importance of other disputes in the past, world cup decisions included, but the mood built around the game has set the national blogospheres on fire — see Global Voices.

After weeks of cross-Atlantic brouhaha, some bloggers are starting to wonder how and why the case has gone so far. Is the Brazilian Government's decision to grant political refugee status to Italian felon Cesare Battisti really worth of such attention?

What elements could be at play to bring forth those remarkable outcomes, such as the minute of silence from the Ministers of European Parliament in a session last week in honor of Battisti's alleged victims from 30 years ago, or the farewell of an Italian-born journalism icon in Brazil over the heated national debate on the case, and also Italy's recall of their Ambassador in Brasilia? The Italian government went as far as threatening to call off the friendly game, leading Brazilians to sense a blow out of proportion. Berlusconi is the one to blame.

Celeuma injustificada a criada pelo “caso Battisti” e a atitude de bufão tomada pelo governo chefiado por Silvio Berlusconi. Pelo menos aproveitei a chance para estudar sobre o tema antes de me arriscar a escrever algumas linhas. A maioria dos analistas não faz segredo da passionalidade de suas analises e transformaram o caso numa disputa partidária, ou pior, futebolística.
Brasil vs Itália - Dissolvendo No Ar

Gratuitous altercation is the one created by the buffoon government headed by Silvio Berlusconi over the “Battisti case”. At least I took the time to study the subject before I ventured to write a few lines about it. Most analysts are open about the passion on their analysis and transformed the event into a partisan dispute, or worse, a football match.
Brasil vs Itália - Dissolving in the Air

A Itália, hoje, vive o governo histérico de Berlusconi. É o dono da grande rede de televisão italiana, é dono de jornais, é dono de times de futebol. Ou seja, é o dono da Itália. E é nitidamente fascista, xenófobo, racista.
A HISTERIA DE BERLUSCONI E A SOBERANIA BRASILEIRA - Blog de Luís Antônio Castagna Maia

Italy, today, is going through the government of histrionic Berlusconi. He owns the huge Italian TV network, owns newspapers, owns football teams. That is, he is the owner of Italy. And he is clearly fascist, xenophobic, racist.
Berlusconi's Hysteria and the Brazilian Sovereignity - Blog de Luís Antônio Castagna Maia

The Italian reaction now is very different from last year's, when the French government refused to extradite Marina Petrella, a former Red Brigades terrorist who was informed of the decision at her hospital bed by Carla Bruni herself. This time with Brazil, Ms. Sarkozy had to come out to dismiss any connection with Cesare Batistti, which ended up bringing more spice to the story.

Many blogs mention that the main source of the Italian enrage this time was the terms used by the justice minister Tarso Genro to announce the asylum grant, declaring that Battisti was a victim of political persecution and that his life might be at risk if he were returned to his homeland.

Mais do que a decisão em si, o que provocou a violenta reação do governo italiano foram os termos utilizados pelo ministro da Justiça, Tarso Genro, para negar o pedido de refugio, aceitando as alegações de Battisti, segundo as quais correria risco de vida e de perseguição política caso voltasse à Itália.
Battisti e Rother: a arte dos tiros no pé - Balaio do Kotscho

More than the decision itself, what provoked the violent reaction of the Italian government were the terms used by the Minister of Justice, Tarso Genro, to deny the Italian request, accepting Battisti's allegations that he would be risking his life, or suffering political persecution if he were to be returned to Italy.
Battisti and Rother: the art of shooting your feet - Balaio do Kotscho

Por mais que insista que a decisão do Brasil foi soberana, é sabido que Tarso não consultou o Itamaraty antes de resolver. E enfiou na cara da Itália e do governo do tosquíssimo Silvio ,Berlusconi uma justificativa dura, nada diplomática e desnecessária. A França obviamente desconfia das mesmas possibilidades que afligiram o pimpão ministro da Justiça. Mas preferiu se referir às condições de saúde de Petrella, em vez de criar caso por nada. Diante disso, a mesma Itália recuou. Parece razoável que a mesma decisão soberana que Tarso defende seja acompanhada do tensionamento das relações pela Itália, que viu um ministro de Justiça brasileiro pela primeira vez questionar a justiça dos outros. Molecagem de segunda categoria. Um bom exemplo de como uma decisão justa pode ser prejudicada por quem não sabe respeitar a soberania alheia.
Tarso errou (mesmo) com Batistti - Blog do Savarese

Although we can insist that the Brazilian decision was sovereign, it is known that Tarso did not consult the Foreign Ministry before making his decision. And he threw in the face of Italy and Berlusconi's government some though arguments, not diplomatic and totally unnecessary. France obviously holds the same suspicions that afflicts the strident Minister of Justice, but preferred to refer to the Petrella's health conditions, instead of creating a case for nothing. Thus, forcing Italy to retreat. It seems reasonable that the same sovereign decision that Tarso upholds elevates the tension in relations with Italy, which saw a Brazilian Minister of Justice for the first time questioning the justice system of other country. A case of second class contempt. A good example of how a fair decision can be undermined by those who do not know how to respect the sovereignty of others.
Tarso has failed (indeed) on Batistti - Savarese's Blog

Football is not the only strong link between Brazilians and Italians. There are many other cultural interfaces, and also the fact that Brazil is home for the biggest Italian community outside Italy. In the present case, it seems that this proximity has ignited a complex chain reaction over unresolved issues from both countries' past: the “years of lead“.

In Brazil, where armed groups fought against the military dictatorship that ruled Brazil from 1964 until 1985, an amnesty law resulted that neither security officials accused of torture nor those involved in violence against the state faced prosecution. Italy is proud of having maintained its political institutions during its ‘anni di piombo‘ (1970-80), but many aspects of the period seems to be shrouded in mystery.

A key figure in this debate here in Brazil turned to be Mino Carta, the Italian-born journalist, publisher and writer that helped create 3 of the 4 main magazines currently published in the country. Known as an independent and authoritative voice, and also a close friend to President Lula, he has used his blog to vigorously attack minister Genro for his stance and declarations on the Battisti episode. Last week, in a last post where he declares having lost faith in journalism, and in Brazil, Mr. Carta closed his blog and announced his silence at Carta Capital, the magazine.

Telefona Jean-Paul Lagarride de Darfur. Pergunta: “Vem cá, o Tarso Genro quer declarar guerra à Itália?” “Talvez”, admito. Segue-se o seguinte diálogo.
Ele – Além de jurista, trata-se de um professor de história e ciências políticas. Um mestre.
Eu – Você acha?
Ele – Claro, acaba de dar à Itália uma aula de democracia. Como o Brasil saiu dos seus anos de chumbo? Com a lei da anistia. A Itália, até hoje, não fez a sua lei da anistia.
Eu – Deve ser porque a Itália não teve um general Golbery.
Ele – Pois é. E como o velho Golba fez à Itália.
Eu – Quem sabe o nosso Tarso não tenha percebido que há chumbo e chumbo?
Lagarride e Tarso Genro - Blog do Mino

It is Jean-Paul Lagarride on the call, from Darfur.
Question: “Hey, Does Tarso Genro wants to declare war to Italy?” “Perhaps,” I admit. Here is the following dialogue.
He - Besides being a lawyer, he is a professor of history and political science. A master.
I - You think?
He - Yes, just gave Italy a lesson of democracy. How has Brazil came out from their years of lead? With the law of amnesty. Italy has so far not made their own law of amnesty.
I - Must be because Italy has not had a general Golbery [mastermind of the Brazilian redemocratization process].
He - Yeah. And how the old Golba did to Italy.
I - Maybe our dear Tarso has not noticed that there are lead and lead?
Lagarride e Tarso Genro - Blog do Mino

Está claro que o ministro Tarso não erra ao dizer que a mídia nativa está sempre a agredir o governo de Lula, e contra esta forma desvairada de preconceito CartaCapital tem se manifestado com frequência. Ocorre que, ao referir-se à extradição negada a mídia está certa, antes de mais nada em função dos motivos alegados, a exibir ao mundo ignorância, falta de sensibilidade diplomática e irresponsabilidade política, ao afrontar um estado democrático amigo. De todo modo, Battisti transcende sua personalidade de “assassino em estado puro”, segundo um grande magistrado como o italiano Armando Spataro, para se prestar a uma operação que visa compactar o PT e empolgar um certo gênero de patriotas canarinhos. Isto tudo me leva a uma conclusão desoladora, embora saiba de muitíssimos leitores generosos e fiéis: minha crença no jornalismo faliu.
Despedida - Blog do Mino

It is clear that Minister Tarso is not wrong when he says that the native media is always attacking Lula's government, and CartaCapital has frequently denounced this form of frantic prejudice. But in relation to the denied extradition the media is right, first and foremost because of the alleged reasons, and also for the display of ignorance to the world, the lack of diplomatic sensitivity, and the political irresponsibility of confronting a democratic friend state. Anyway, Battisti transcends the personality of a “killer in pure form,” according to the great Italian magistrate Armando Spataro, and serves well to the political operation that aims to unite the PT [Lula's party] and excite a certain kind of ‘canarinho' patriots. The whole thing leads me to a bleak conclusion, although aware of the many generous and loyal readers: my belief in journalism has failed.
Farewell - Blog do Mino

Cesare Battisti is inprisoned in Brasilia waiting for the final decision of the Brazilian Federal Supreme Court (STF). An important piece of the process is a letter from Francesco Cossiga, the hardline interior minister of the 1970s, confirming that Battisti’s crimes were indeed political in nature. In a recent interview on IstoÉ magazine, which was broadly reblogged by those following the case, Battisti urges his home country to review what really happened back then.

“Acho que o gesto do ministro Genro foi de coragem e de humanidade. A decisão é muito importante não só para mim, Cesare Battisti, mas para a humanidade. A Itália precisa reler a própria história. Nós estamos dando à nação italiana a possibilidade de reler sua história com serenidade, humanamente… Naquela época, a tortura fazia parte do cotidiano da Itália. A Itália tem de reconhecer isso. Mas não pode. Porque a Itália é Europa. E a Itália não pode admitir que nos anos 1970 viveu uma guerra civil.”
Cesare Battisti - “Por que tudo isso comigo?” - Blog do Se

“I think Minister Genro's gesture was one of courage and humanity. It is a very important not only for me, Cesare Battisti, but for humanity. Italy needs to reread their own history. We are giving the Italian nation the opportunity to read their story calmly, humanely … At that time, torture was part of daily life in Italy. Italy has to recognize that. But it can not. Because Italy is Europe. And Italy could not accept that in 1970 they went through a civil war. “
Cesare Battisti - “Por que tudo isso comigo?” - Blog do Se

Navigating through the Brazilian blogs covering the episode, it is easy to find opinions that mirrors what the main media vehicles are publishing. Results of a recent pool at Globo.com shows 80% of disagreement with the Brazilian government decision to grant refugee to Mr. Battisti. Still, there are some interesting takes on the contradictions evoked by the different political solutions carried out by Brazil and Italy to resolve their political wounds of the past, and how to deal with the contradictions posed by today and tomorrow.

A grande imprensa se refere ao ‘terrorista Battisti' como se tivesse agido ontem, mas estamos falando de coisas acontecidas entre 30 e 40 anos atrás. O ministro Tarso Genro tem razão ao dizer que a imprensa teve comportamento diferente quando ele propôs a rediscussão da punição aos torturadores. Aí disseram que era coisa do passado… Ele é acusado de ter tomado uma decisão política, mas seguiu o que o STF já tinha decidido sobre isso. Um dos críticos do ministro foi o governador Serra, que se mostrou escandalizado com Battisti, mas na última eleição apoiou Fernando Gabeira, que sequestrou um embaixador americano, mas não é considerado terrorista.
Fascistas italianos e mídia brasileira mentem sobre Batistti - Bahia de Fato

The mainstream media refers to the ‘terrorist Battisti' as if he had acted yesterday, but we are speaking of things happened between 30 and 40 years ago. The Minister Tarso Genro is right to say that the press showed a different behavior when he proposed a debate on punishment of the torturers. At that moment they said it was a thing from the past … He is accused of having taken a political decision, but he followed what the STF had already decided on such cases. One of the minister's critics was governor Serra [from Sao Paulo state, the opposition main candidate for the 2010 presidential elections], who displayed his shock about granting refugee to Battisti, but in the last election supported Fernando Gabeira, who kidnapped an American ambassador, but is not considered a terrorist.
Italian fascists and Brazilian media lie about Battisti - Bahia de Fato

Por fim, uma pergunta básica, incontornável: qual é a motivação do governo italiano? Por que tanto empenho em botar as mãos num personagem tão inofensivo, depois de tanto tempo? A resposta, ou parte dela, está na conjuntura doméstica da Itália, marcada pela crise e por uma onda de protestos em que se sobressai um vigoroso ativismo estudantil. Berlusconi e seus aliados reagem à ascensão de uma esquerda não-domesticada sacudindo o espantalho dos “anos de chumbo”. A histeria em torno do caso Battisti, manipulado para criar uma anacrônica associação entre os “radicais” de ontem e de hoje, nada tem de irracional. Ao contrário, dá respaldo a um discurso em que o prefeito fascista de Roma, Gianni Alemanno, acaba de declarar que “o movimento estudantil italiano (seria) dirigido por 300 criminosos da universidade La Sapienza”.
A mídia contra Battisti - Entreatos

Finally, a basic unaviodable question: what is the motivation of the Italian government? Why so much effort into putting their hands on a harmless character, after so long? The answer, or part thereof, is the domestic situation in Italy, marked by the crisis and a wave of protests in which stands out a strong student activism. Berlusconi and his allies react to the rise of a non-domesticated left swinging the scarecrow of the “years of lead”. The hysteria around the Battisti case, which is being manipulated to create an anachronistic association between “radicals” of yesterday and today, makes sense. In contrast, gives support to a speech in which the fascist mayor of Rome, Gianni Alemanno, has just declared that “the Italian student movement is (might be) run by 300 criminals from La Sapienza university.”
The media against Battisti - Entreatos

Let's hope for a good match today, where the genuine respect that people in Brazil and Italy nurture for both countrie's citizens, culture and, specially, artful football, outshines minor politically motivated imbroglios.

Brazil: The (r)evolution of Lusophone music

Jose Murilo — Fri, 06 Feb 2009 17:35:22 +0000

LabCult provides a torrent link of a documentary about Luso-Afro-Brazilian music and sounds: “Lusophony - The (R)Evolution“. From hiphop to rock, visiting the Portuguese fado and Angolan and Caboverdian rhythms like the kuduro and the morna, the doc compiles Lusophone music from the colony days till today.

Lula on the US ambassador’s expulsion: “Evo is right”

Jose Murilo — Thu, 18 Sep 2008 05:16:18 +0000

The New World Lusophone Sousaphone translates a comment on the expulsion of the American ambassador in Bolivia by Brazil’s President Lula da Silva: “If it is true that the U.S. ambassador was meeting with the opposition to Morales, then Morales was right to kick him out.”

Brazil: Inventive censorship, and the case for anonymity

Jose Murilo — Sun, 07 Sep 2008 10:43:41 +0000

Brazil got used to being recognized for its Internet savvy and large population of early web-adopters. Nevertheless, or maybe exactly because of that, the country is rapidly becoming a haven for novel and inventive models and tactics of Internet censorship.

A quick search on ‘brazil' + ‘censorship' in Global Voices returns a bunch of scary titles posted just in the last 6 months: Dismissal of Brazilian Blogger: Censorship or Just Business? (March 23rd), Bloggers united against WordPress ban (April 12th), First blog falls victim to electoral law (June 1st), Blogging Against Web-Censorship (June 19th), Bloggers question the 13 new cyber-crimes (July 17th), Electoral censorship at work (July 22nd).

This time, the weird news sprouts from the state of Minas Gerais, where governor Aécio Neves is carefully preparing himself to run as presidential candidate in 2010, when Lula leaves office. In the midst of country-wide municipal elections, the opposing online journal ‘Novo Jornal' was taken down by state level prosecutors — the Public Ministry — on (refuted) charges of anonymity.

Truth is that the Brazilian Constitution sets up an unusually twisted situation, especially for online speech: free expression of thought is assured in the same paragraph where anonymity is formally forbidden. Still, the seizure of ‘Novo Jornal' is calling the attention of the blogosphere for the inventive strategy of using state level prosecutors and cybercrime allegations to immediately take down an informative website without the proper legal process. Blogs are also pointing out the fact that the mainstream media has been silent about the case — in what has started to appear as a pattern when it comes to negative coverage on Aécio Neves.

The matrix-like display forced upon ‘NovoJornal's web page sets the tone.

This page is suspended by a legal precautionary measure and
the site content is being analysed for criminal evidences
State Prosecutors on the Combat of Cybercrimes

A justificativa do MPE, retirada do site do jornal O Tempo: “Instaurado o Procedimento Investigatório Criminal, constatou-se que não há identificação do responsável pelo site - que se intitula jornal, fato que fere frontalmente a Constituição Federal que prevê que é livre a manifestação do pensamento, sendo vedado o anonimato, além da Lei de Imprensa, que se aplica à Internet”… Independente de lados políticos, postura jornalística, anonimato ou não, o que percebo é que os braços da censura estão à solta, e a História mostra que eles costumam ser usados por aqueles que estão no poder, poucas vezes com boas razões. Mais do que apoiar ou condenar, é preciso ficar de olho, fiscalizar. Pensando bem, não era essa a função do Ministério Público - e, em outra esfera, da imprensa?
E tem gente que pensa que calice é coisa do passado - NaRua.org

The State Prosecutor's consideration is stated on O Tempo's website: “Once the criminal investigation procedure started, it was found that there is no identification of who is in charge of the site — which labels itself as a Journal — resulting in a frontal violation of the Federal Constitution, which guarantees the free expression of thought but forbids anonymity, and also the Press Law, which applies to the Internet”… Apart from [issues of] political partisanship, journalistic viewpoint or anonymity, the one thing I perceive is that the arms of censorship are reaching out, and history tells us that they are usually utilized by the ones in power, and rarely for good reasons. More than debating the merits of the case, it is important to stay alert and be on guard. Thinking about it… wouldn't that be the role of the State Prosecutors, and from the other side, of the media?
There are people who think censorship is something from the past - NaRua.org

No momento em que foi retirado do ar, o Novo Jornal trazia em sua primeira página uma matéria com pesadas críticas ao Presidente do STF, Gilmar Mendes. A matéria ainda pode ser lida no cache do Google. O Novo Jornal também denunciou que o governador Aécio Neves pagou US$ 269 milhões de dívidas da Rede Globo de Televisão na compra da Light.
Retirado do ar site jornalístico que continha denúncias contra Aécio Neves - O Biscoito Fino e a Massa

At the moment it was taken down, the ‘Novo Jornal' website was displaying on it's home page an article heavily criticizing the Federal Supreme Court president, Gilmar Mendes. The article can still be read in Google's cache. “Novo Jornal” also decried that Aécio Neves payed US$ 269 million of Globo TV Network's debts on the purchase of Light [Electric Company].
Brought down news website denouncing Aécio Neves - O Biscoito Fino e a Massa

Ao contrário do argumentado pelo Ministério Público, o Novojornal encontra-se rigorosamente dentro da lei, inclusive com diretor-responsável registrado na DRT, detentor do MTE nº 000311/MG, respondendo o mesmo por todas as matérias não-assinadas publicadas no Novojornal… Dessa forma, comprovado está que jamais existiu o anonimato argüido pelo MP-MG. Inclusive o diretor-responsável e o endereço de sua sede encontram-se registrados no Registro.br, cadastro oficial de todos os sítios da internet no Brasil.
Continua censurado por Aécio Neves o site ‘Novo Jornal' - Em cima da notícia

Contrary to the State Prosecutor's arguments, “Novo Jornal” was strictly under the law, with it's Director in Charge registered at the Regional Labor Office, holding the MTE nº 000311/MG, what puts him in charge of all the non-signed articles published at “Novo Jornal”… That's how it is proved that there never was no anonymity as stated by the State Prosecutors. NovoJornal's Director in Charge and it's address are also listed at Registro.br, the official registry for all Internet sites in Brazil.
NovoJornal remains censored by Aecio Neves - Em cima da notícia

Será que não existem coisas mais importantes para o Ministério Público mineiro investigar do que ficar censurando a Internet, a mando do governador, com a desculpa de se tratar de Crime Cibernético?
Em terra de presidenciável, censura-se a oposição como crime cibernético - Rastreadores de Impurezas

Aren't there more important issues for the Public Ministry of Minas to investigate than to censor the Internet, following governor's orders, disguised as an action against Cybercrime?
In the land of a presidential candidate, you censor the opposition as cybercrime - Rastreadores de Impurezas

As bloggers were quick to notice, there are some other things being done in Brazil (see also: “Bloggers question the 13 new cyber-crimes“, “The cost of the cybercrime bill“, “Cybercrime bill is now translated“) disguised as actions against Cybercrime.

Na revista digital NovaE, um longo texto do blogueiro José de Souza Castro, o primeiro a descobrir que o site do Novo Jornal foi tirado do ar por ação da justiça, começa a detalhar o que ocorreu e faz o link entre esse processo e o cerco que começa a se estruturar no Brasil contra a liberdades na rede mundial de computadores:

“O governo de Minas parece que tinha muita pressa para resolver essa questão com o Novo Jornal. Segundo O Tempo, “a Promotoria Estadual de Combate aos Crimes Cibernéticos foi criada em Belo Horizonte em 16 de julho deste ano. Com o crescente número de crimes praticados por usuários da rede, o MPE decidiu pela sua implantação. A promotoria atua como um órgão de suporte aos promotores de Justiça que atuam na área criminal e agiliza o atendimento às vítimas”. E acrescenta, citando uma pessoa identificada como Vanessa Fusco: A estratégia é agir proativamente no enfrentamento desse tipo de crime, que vem crescendo principalmente com a chegada da banda larga às cidades do interior”. E conclui: “Um projeto de autoria do senador Eduardo Azeredo (PSDB) prevê a tipificação da conduta dos crimes praticados na Internet”. (texto da Novae)”

A censura à Internet em Minas Gerais - Em busca da palavra justa

In NovaE digital magazine there is a long article from blogger José de Souza Castro, the first to find out that “NovoJornal” was brought down by a legal action, where he starts to delve deeper in the details, which leads him to link this particular process to the siege that is being engineered in Brazil against Internet liberties [the Cybercrime Bill]:

“The government of Minas Gerais seemed to be in a haste to settle this issue with ‘Novo Jornal'. According to ‘O Tempo', “the Cybercrime Combat State Prosecutors was created in Belo horizonte on July 16th this year. In face of the rampant number of crimes practiced by network users, the State Public Ministry has decided for its deployment. The Cybercrime Prosecutor acts as a support to justice prosecutors working on the criminal sector, and streamlines attendance to victims.” The newspaper adds, quoting someone identified as Vanessa Fusco: “The strategy is to act pro-actively in confronting this type of crime, which keeps growing mainly with the arrival of broadband to the interior”. And it oncludes: “A project authored by Senator Eduardo Azeredo (PSDB) seeks (or sought) to define and list the criminal acts performed on the Internet” (Novae's text)”

Internet censorship in Minas Gerais - Em busca da palavra justa

The ‘NovoJornal's case is also showing that, despite what the constitution provides on the matter of free speech, ‘anonymity' may play an important role as a ‘checks and balance' element in a democratic public space. The video below shows NovoJornal's Director in Charge, Marco Aurélio Carone, answering why the articles on the site have no attribution and are not signed. The interview, made by Camila Vidal and Daniela Nunes, was published on YouTube some weeks before ‘NovoJornal' was censored.

If you've managed to follow along this far, you will surely want to watch the video below, made by the Brazilian Daniel Florêncio for Current.TV, and presented as “an investigation into the seemingly increasingly curtailed press in Brazil”. But first, a blogger account to add context:

A reportagem de Florêncio ‘nasceu’ do documentário “Liberdade, essa palavra“, produzido em 2006 pelo então estudante de jornalismo Marcelo Baêta… Tanto o documentário de Baêta quanto a reportagem do Daniel repercutiram na imprensa nacional e internacional (a Folha e o Le Monde publicaram matérias sobre o caso), e geraram respostas incisivas dos partidários de Aécio, que usaram a mesma ferramenta, o YouTube, para a defesa… Depois de ver todos os vídeos relacionados ao caso (veja mais aqui), ficou a pulga atrás da orelha: teriam os jornalistas realmente tirado os seus da reta no caso?
Minas Gerais, a censura e o estado de coisas - NaRua.org

Florêncio's report was ‘born' from the documentary “Liberdade, essa palavra“ (Freedom, this word), produced in 2006 by then journalism student Marcelo Baêta… Both Baêta's documentary and Daniel's report had repercussions in the national and international media (Folha de Sao Paulo and Le Monde published articles on the case), that generated sharp responses from Aécio's partisans, who used the same tool, the YouTube, for defense… After seeing all the case's related videos (see more here), I was puzzled by something: did the journalists really ‘take their asses off the line' in the case?
Minas Gerais, the censorship and the state of affairs - NaRua.org

You may want also to watch the video response to the curren.tv's piece.

The viral spread of Internet participation across the Brazilian population is producing quite a shaking in the established realms of media, politics and courts. But it is exactly this kind of upheaval that generates the discourse necessary to the discovery of balanced protocols for managing the contradictions revealed by the age of information. Stay tuned — this is an ongoing process.

Há um backup do site [NovoJornal] em http://rapidshare.com/files/138763257/novojornal.tar.bz2.html
Comentário de Winston em Retirado do ar site jornalístico que continha deúncias contra Aécio Neves - O Biscoito Fino e a Massa

There is a backup of [NovoJornal] site on http://rapidshare.com/files/138763257/novojornal.tar.bz2.html
Comment from Winston in Brought down news website denouncing Aécio Neves - O Biscoito Fino e a Massa

Georgia: A linguistic approach to the country's claimed ‘territorial integrity'

Jose Murilo — Fri, 15 Aug 2008 16:22:13 +0000

ClubOrlov presents an interesting approach — ‘colored by linguistics' — and insightful takes on the western claims over Georgia's ‘territorial integrity'.

Cuba: Developing Hackers

Jose Murilo — Sat, 28 Jun 2008 09:19:30 +0000

André Deak is a Brazilian blogger who has recently visited Cuba, and in ‘Cuban Hackers‘ [PT] he tells about the ‘Universidad de las Ciencias Informáticas‘ (Informatic Sciences University), where local developers are learning to create code in one of the most precarious technological environments, caused by the US embargo. Deak concludes that, like Cuban mechanics who learned to keep old cars riding, local developers might become very specialized hackers in the future.

Brazil: The Black President Before Obama

Jose Murilo — Tue, 17 Jun 2008 01:16:06 +0000

The sweeping Obama phenomenon has caught Brazil, and it comes as no surprise in the country with the world's largest population of African descendants. Blogs are commenting on all things Obama, from his stand on ethanol to the ‘rumors‘ of his appraisal of Brazil's free software policies. An especially notable thread is the one reporting on the resurgence of a weirdly interesting 1928 Brazilian sci-fi novel — ‘The Black President' — that predicted a US election matching a black, a feminist, and a conservative candidate in the then remote year of 2228.

The author, Monteiro Lobato, is very famous in Brazil for his tales for children and teens. The set of books ‘Yellow Woodpecker Ranch‘ was turned into popular TV series that reigned supreme on Brazilian tubes through 5 different remakes — the first in 1952, and most recently in 2001. But, in this case, the book is an obscure and rare incursion of Lobato into adult science fiction. The resurgence of interest in it now is totally connected with what stands out as an incredible intuitive guesswork on what has come to be our present situation, but 80 years ago (!) almost unimaginable.

Para a maior parte do público leitor brasileiro, Monteiro Lobato (1882-1948) é lembrado pelos episódios da série O Sítio do Pica Pau Amarelo. Muitos, porém, desconhecem a “obra para adultos” que Monteiro Lobato escreveu… Originalmente publicado em 1926, como folhetim, no jornal A Manhã, (onde recebeu o título de “O Choque das Raças”, hoje seu subtítulo), “O Presidente Negro” é uma obra duplamente curiosa: primeiramente por se tratar de uma ficção científica, gênero pouco cultivado entre os escritores brasileiros; e em segundo lugar porque em sua trama retrata o debate científico e intelectual vigente nas primeiras décadas do século XX.
O Presidente Negro de Monteiro Lobato - ALPHARRÁBIO - por Viegas Fernandes da Costa

Most of the Brazilian readers of Monteiro Lobato (1882-1948) know him for the episodes of the ‘Yellow Woodpecker Ranch' series, and few are acquainted with his ‘adult piece'… Originally published in 1926 as a ‘feuilleton‘ in the newspaper ‘A Manhã', (but then titled as “The Clash of Races”, which today stands as the subtitle), “The Black President” is a doubly curious book: first for being a science fiction piece, an uncommon genre among Brazilian writers, and second because the plot anticipates the current scientific and intellectual debate during the first decades of the 20th century.
Monteiro Lobato's Black President - ALPHARRÁBIO - por Viegas Fernandes da Costa

The huge coincidence with the US elections was enough to turn “The Black President” into ‘cult' reading, although some other of Lobato's predictions, such as his description of the Internet, have also attracted the attention of commenters. The contorted political psychology of the triangle that binds the white male, the feminist, and the black candidate is also apparent.

O Presidente Negro é um livro assustador. Assustador em vários sentidos. Primeiro pelo caráter premonitório da obra. Em 1926, Lobato prevê a invenção de um tipo de radiotransmissão de dados que possibilitaria o ser humano a cumprir suas tarefas da própria casa e sem a necessidade de se deslocar para o trabalho. Fala também do desaparecimento do jornal impresso porque as notícias serão “radiadas” diretamente para a casa dos indivíduos e aparecerão em caracteres luminosos numa tela - exatamente como acontece com quem está lendo esse texto. Em uma palavra atual: internet. Mas as premonições não param por aí. Às vésperas de viajar para os Estados Unidos como adido comercial da embaixada brasileira, Monteiro Lobato preconiza a eleição de um presidente negro nos EUA. O momento político (no ano de 2228) que possibilitaria isso viria da divisão da raça branca, entre um candidato do Partido Masculino (Kerlog) e uma candidata do Partido Feminino (Evelyn Astor). A neofeminista Evelyn Astor está com a vitória praticamente garantida e eis que surge o líder negro Jim Roy, que acaba eleito presidente.
O Presidente Negro. Um livro assustador - Acerto de Contas

‘The Black President' is a scary book. Frightening in many ways. Firstly, by the prescient character of the piece. In 1926, Lobato forecasts the invention of a kind of data radio transmission that would make it possible for human beings to accomplish their tasks from their home, without having to relocate to work. He also anticipates the disappearance of the printing press, for the news will be “radiated” directly to the houses of the individuals and will appear in bright letters on a screen — exactly how it is happening with whoever is reading this very text. [It is] in one modern word — the Internet. But the premonitions don't stop there. By the time he was moving to the US as commercial attaché at the Brazilian embassy, Monteiro Lobato foresaw the election of a black president in the US. The specific political moment in the year of 2228 that bore such a situation would be due to the split that occurred in the white race, between a candidate from the Masculine Party (Kerlog) and a candidate from the Feminine Party (Evelyn Astor). The neo-feminist Evelyn Astor has the victory almost guaranteed, but then the black leader Jim Roy surges and ends up being elected President.
The Black President. A Scary Book - Acerto de Contas

As guerras igualmente foram extintas, tão logo os Ministérios da Guerra foram trocados pelos da Paz. Apesar disso, os EUA estão prestes a mergulhar no caos e no sangue às vésperas da eleição de seu 88º presidente, de tal forma o pleito cindiu a população. De um lado, estão agrupados os milhões de eleitores pretos, que apóiam Jim Roy, da Associação Negra. De outro, as mulheres brancas que seguem a candidata do Partido Feminino, miss Evelyn Astor. E, por fim, há os homens brancos, que preferem a reeleição de Kerlog pelo Partido Masculino, que fundiu o Democrata e o Republicano. Eis o essencial da trama: não apenas um choque de raças, mas também uma guerra de sexos. Os homens brancos, a fim de embranquecer os EUA, planejam enviar os negros para a Amazônia, que já não é parte do Brasil. Nosso país foi dividido em dois, independentes: o Norte, de atávica malemolência, e o Sul bem-sucedido, a “grande República do Paraná”, que engloba ainda a Argentina, o Uruguai e o Paraguai.
Monteiro Lobato… Um Profeta? - Resistência Democrática

The wars were also finished, as soon as the War Ministries were replaced by the Peace Ministries. Despite that, the US is on the verge of descending into chaos and bloodbath on the eve of the election of its 88th president, such was the disruption caused by the contest. On one side, the millions of black voters are gathered to support Jim Roy, from the Black Association. On the other side, the white women who follow the Feminine Party candidate, long for Evelyn Astor. And finally, there are the white men, who prefer the reelection of Kerlog, from the Masculine Party, which surged from the merge of the Democrat and Republican parties. Here is the essential part of the plot: it is not only a clash of races, but also a war between the sexes. The white men, in order to get a ‘whiter' America, plan to send the blacks to the Amazon, which is not part of Brazil anymore [!]. Our country was divided in two independent nations: the north, of atavistic malemolencia, and the prosperous South, the “big Republic of Paraná”, which also includes Argentina, Uruguay and Paraguay.
Monteiro Lobato… A Prophet? - Resistência Democrática

Even in some of his far-out references, Lobato seems to keep throwing light on images that, if not real, are quite recurrent to say the least. But, on a closer inspection, his plot reveals clearly that, although getting it right on the surface, his interpretation of the signals were often projections of weird concepts. In fact, what previously called attention to this book — prior to the current historical coincidence with the US elections — was the evidence of Lobato's sympathy with Eugenics, a racist social philosophy that acquired some followers in Brazil during the 20s and 30s, and advocates the improvement of human hereditary traits through various forms of intervention, mainly segregating races.

Miss Jane, filha de Benson, é quem verbaliza as idéias de Lobato: “Que é América senão a feliz zona que desde o início atraiu os elementos mais eugênicos das melhores raças européias? Onde há força vital da raça branca senão lá?”. Defendendo a segregação americana, acrescenta sobre a miscigenação brasileira: “Nossa solução foi medíocre. Estragou as duas raças, fundindo-as. O negro perdeu as suas admiráveis qualidades físicas de selvagem e o branco sofreu a inevitável piora de caráter, conseqüente a todos os cruzamentos entre raças díspares”.
Racismo à Brasileira - Bravo Online

Miss Jane, Benson's daughter, is the one who gives voice to Lobato's ideas: “What is America if not the happy zone which right from the start has attracted the many elements from eugenics of the best European races? Where is the vital force of the white race located if not there?” While defending American segregation, he also has something to say about the Brazilian miscigenetion: “Our solution was shabby. We ruined both races, by merging them. The blacks have lost their admirable wild physical qualities, and the whites have suffered the inevitable worsening of character as a consequence of the crossings among different races”.
Racismo à Brasileira - Bravo Online

Indeed, Obama is definitely not the black candidate of Lobato's tale, but rather the result of a political, cultural and genetic mix with whites. There is a core difference between the societal position of African descendants in Brazil (more mixed) and in the US (more separated), but Obama's surge is perceived by some Brazilians as the result of the 70s US affirmative action policies in which these social programs appear now as the game changer.

From a Brazilian perspective, the inevitable question that Afro-descendants are asking themselves now is what has made Obama's success possible in the US — with their 'segregation' and separatism — while an analogous situation in more mixed Brazil still looks like a distant dream, far from becoming a reality.

Contrariando expectativas que já duram mais de cem anos, no Brasil, “país com a maior população afro-descendente fora da África”, “negros e pardos vão superar o número de brancos neste ano” de 2008… As afirmações, acompanhadas da constatação de que o país “não tem um único político negro de projeção nacional”, vem a propósito da candidatura do senador Barack Obama à presidência dos Estados Unidos… Atrasados em pelo menos cinqüenta anos com relação às conquistas sociais do povo negro nos Estados Unidos, no Brasil, nós, herdeiros do mesmo brutal despojamento que plasmou a sociedade norte-americana (e do qual Obama, esclareça-se, não é vítima direta) vimos sendo, há mais de 120 anos forçados a acreditar que neste país “alegremente mestiço e desracializado”, nunca houve segregação nem ku-klux-klan, e que nossa inferioridade deve-se apenas a problemas econômicos e pode ser zerada com boas escolas e boas merendas para todos.
OBAMA, SUA ÉPOCA E O SONHO - AldeiaGriot

Against all the expectations that already have been here more than a hundred years, “blacks and mestizos will surpass the number of whites in this year of 2008″ in Brazil — “the country with the largest Afro-descendant population outside Africa”… These observations, followed by the finding that the country “does not have any black politician of national projection”, comes with reference to the campaign of Senator Barack Obama for the Presidency of United States… Lagging behind around fifty years in relation to the social conquests of the US black people, we heirs of the same plunder that permeated North American society (and from which Obama, we should make clear, is not a direct victim) are being forced to believe for more than 120 years that this country is “happily mixed and de-racialized”. There has never been segregation or any ku-klux-klan and [therefore] our inferiority is due only to economic problems and can be brought to nil with good schools and good school lunches for all.
OBAMA, HIS ERA AND THE DREAM - AldeiaGriot

In the developing debate over affirmative action and the different perspectives on quota schemes in Brazil it is quite natural to see Obama's sucess in terms of long-standing tensions, but the effects of his possible election may reverberate differently in the many different layers of culture. If he is elected, the deep psychology that underlies the appearence of such an archetypal persona in history will become a part of the social-political-cultural debate.

Some bloggers are aware of this Obama inherited complexity that is helping to transcend the obvious polarities.

Quando, anos mais tarde, condenou a Guerra do Iraque, ele argumentaria com base nas conclusões que tirou da vida. Seus pais tentaram se reinventar abandonando as tradições e, no processo, perderam a própria identidade. A tradição é o que dá liga à sociedade. Perante a mudança, a tradição sempre resiste. Mudança, na história, vem a passos lentos. Para ele, há ingenuidade no ideal do sonho americano de que idéias, por si, causam grandes mudanças. Idéias não bastam. Barack Obama, como o descreveu Larissa MacFarquhar num perfil para a revista The New Yorker, ‘é profundamente conservador’. Democracia não seria simplesmente imposta num país onde ela jamais existira.
Quem é e o que pensa Barack Obama? - Pedro Dória Weblog

When, years later, [Obama] condemned the Iraq War, his arguments where based on the conclusions he arrived at through his life. His parents tried to reinvent themselves by abandoning their traditions and, in the process, they lost their identities. Tradition is what binds a society together. Facing change, tradition will allways resist. Change, in history, comes in slow steps. For him, there is some naivety in the idealistic American dream that ideas, by themselves, will cause big changes. Ideas are not enough. Barack Obama, as described by Larissa MacFarquhar in a New Yorker Magazine profile, ‘is deeply conservative'. Democracy could never be simply imposed in a country where it never existed.
Who is Barack Obama, and what does he think? - Pedro Dória Weblog

From Lobato's black president prevailing in a context of separation to the complex profile of Barack Obama in a world of emergent possibilities appears now as the measure of political change.

Brazil: Visible and Invisible Indians and Scoops

Jose Murilo — Sat, 31 May 2008 23:54:58 +0000

Brazilian Indians were in the spotlight of world media this week and the local blogosphere has much to say about it. From the images of an uncontacted tribe in the Amazon, which were ‘leaked’ first in a blog that is now claiming attribution rights for its scoop, to the enraged protest caught on camera against the building of dams along the Xingu River in the Amazon basin where an official of Brazil’s national electric company got slashed by traditional machetes and clubs. Bloggers had different takes from the dominant mainstream media narratives.

Here is the Brazilian GLOBO video of the engineer's encounter with the Indians.

Since the gathering in Altamira, the Brazilian media have focused mostly on the issue of violence. GLOBO included a special report in its extremely popular weekend TV magazine FANTASTICO and here's the text (computer) translated into rough English. As you can see, the focus is on the engineer and the Indians associated with the confrontation and there is very little about the many consequences of building the dam. While the Brazilian mainstream media are preoccupied with the “hot” story, various blogs and NGOs have been struggling to deliver the deeper messages. Encontro Xingu ‘08 provides great coverage of the whole event with in-depth analysis by David Cunningham and lots of wonderful photos by Sue Cunningham. The Xingu Encounter was also reported by International Rivers along with English translations of the declarations of the Xingu Peoples. And here's the (computer) translated final statement of the broad coalition of Brazilian grassroots organizations that are opposing building of th,e Belo Monte dam.
Violence - Vision Share

How interesting that that in the midst of this debate over the proper focus when presented with such strong images of a violent event, Altino Machado, a famous blogger from Acre state in the Amazon region, presented to the world the first images of what could be one of the last isolated tribal groups in the Brazilian Amazon rainforest — the so called, ‘Invisible Indians’.

If you've seen Wade Davis's unforgettable 2004 TED Talk — where he evokes the magic of the world's cultural diversity, and speaks so eloquently about the alarming rate with which cultures and languages are dying — then you might find this photo as heart-stopping as I did. It's so surreal, I thought at first it must be a hoax. But Reuters just picked the story up, and I'm going to assume they did my fact-checking for me. The photo shows members of one of the world’s last uncontacted tribes, who were spotted and photographed from the air in a remote corner of the Amazon rainforest near the Brazil-Peru border. Survival International, an advocacy group for tribal people, released the photos on their website and quotes Jose Carlos dos Reis Meirelles Junior, who works for the Brazilian government’s Indian affairs department: “We did the overflight to show their houses, to show they are there, to show they exist …This is very important because there are some who doubt their existence.” “What is happening in this region is a monumental crime against the natural world, the tribes, the fauna and is further testimony to the complete irrationality with which we, the ‘civilized' ones, treat the world,” Meirelles said. Apparently, more than 100 uncontacted tribes remain worldwide, with half living in Brazil or Peru. Extraordinary.
Unbelievable photo of one of the world's last uncontacted tribes - TedBlog

Extraordinary indeed. It was reported as breaking news at GVO on May 23rd, translated into Portuguese and Chinese, and launched into global awareness via the blogosphere. It took a week for the mainstream media to wake up to the “old news” but the pictures were still amazing and blogs were quick to point out that the media launched its stories without respecting the elementary rules of attribution.

Êta racinha miserável. Espera passar um tempo (cinco dias) e depois publica como se fosse furo deles. Seguem tratando a Amazônia como uma terra exótica, pois não aprofundam na questão que mais preocupa ao sertanista José Carlos dos Reis Meirelles Júnior, que é “O começo do fim da Amazônia peruana“. Leiam a mensagem que recebi hoje do jornalista Tom Phillips, correspondente no Brasil do diário inglês The Guardian: - Caro Altino, tudo bem com você? Você tem o contato do José Carlos dos Reis Meirelles Júnior por acaso? Um grande abraco. E assim foram dezenas de outros pedidos de contato com o sertanista que atendi por causa da reportagem sobre os índios isolados. Os russos são honestos. Confira aqui. Ou o brasileiro José Murilo Júnior, do Global Voices.
Racinha Miserável - Altino Machado

What a miserable class. They wait until some time has passed (five days) and then they publish as if the scoop was theirs. They keep treating the Amazon as an exotic land, as they do not go deep into the issues and that worries the backcountry expert José Carlos dos Reis Meirelles Júnior. [This ignorance] is “The Beginning of an End to the Peruvian Amazon“. Read the message I received today from journalist Tom Phillips –The Guardian's correspondent in Brazil — “My dear Altino, everything right with you? Is there a chance that you have the contact for José Carlos dos Reis Meirelles Júnior? A big hug.” There were many other contact requests with the explorer, which I have attended because of the report on the uncontacted Indians. The Russians are honest. Check it out. Or the Brazilian José Murilo Júnior, from Global Voices.
Miserable Class - Altino Machado

Altino, até os acreanos! Essa Renata Brasileiro, do Página 20 [leia aqui], é uma voadora. Ela escreveu: “A notícia veio à tona por meio da agência BBC e foi veiculada com destaque em quase todos os jornais on line no início da tarde de ontem. De acordo com a agência, as fotografias foram feitas durante uma missão da Funai, que incluiu um sobrevôo à região isolada”. Estou revoltado com a omissão da fonte correta pela mídia nacional e internacional, mas não poderia supor que seus vizinhos agissem dessa forma.
Tô com Altino e não abro! - Site Chico Bruno

Altino, even the media from Acre! This Renata Brasileiro, from Página 20 [read it here], is an amateur. She wrote “the news came to light through the BBC agency and made headlines in almost all of the online news portals yesterday afternoon. According to the agency, the pictures were made during a FUNAI [Brazilian National Indian Foundation] mission that included a “flight over the isolated region”. I am offended by the omission of the correct source by the national and international media, but I could never suppose that your neighbors would act this way.
I am with Altino all the way! - Site Chico Bruno

Quem ganhou ou vai ganhar dólares com a divulgação das fotos dos “índios invisíveis” do Acre? Altino Machado, não se iluda. Entendo a sua frustação de jornalista que não foi devidamente citado nas matérias que hoje correm o mundo. Da mesma forma, vejo que o sertanista José Carlos dos Reis Meireles está satisfeito porque o trabalho dele está sendo reconhecido, deu entrevistas para dezenas de jornais e revistas do mundo etc. Mas o que a Survival International (SI) tem a ver com as fotos e o trabalho da Funai? Nada. Mesmo assim a ONG tirou a sorte grande e obteve, com as suas técnicas de marketing, colar o nome da entidade em quase todas as matérias relevantes de jornais e revistas mundiais que publicaram matérias sobre as fotos dos índios isolados, sem ter dado um centavo para tornar realidade o que vimos em primeira mão neste blog e na Terra Magazine.
Devolva os dólares, Survival! - Ambiente Acreano

Who will or not earn dollars with the disclosure of the “Invisible Indians” from Acre? Don't fool yourself, Altino Machado. I understand your journalist's frustration with not being properly attributed in the articles which are now running around the world. In the same way, I see that the backcountry scout José Carlos dos Reis Meireles is happy that his work is being recognized as he gave interviews to dozens of global newspapers and magazines, etc. But what has the [NGO] Survival International (SI) to do with the pictures and with FUNAI's missions? Nothing. Even then the NGO won the jackpot, and with their marketing techniques, they succeeded in pasting the organization's name over the pictures of the uncontacted Indians, without putting out a cent to make what we saw first happen in your blog and in Terra Magazine.
Turn back the dollars, Survival! - Ambiente Acreano

Altino's blog is really a special source of information on the Amazon, and it is not by chance that his posts are now being featured in Terra Magazine, an innovative online editorial project that also claims a scoop for the pictures of the ‘Invisible Indians'. But while the online media environment still struggles to reach balanced business models, having to deal with so many new webnative variables, we may be witnessing the emergence of a time where 'scoops' of the old exclusive kind may not be what really matters. The discursive and flowing conversation of many voices in an open debate with mainstream authoritative media sources may be the kind of collaborative “scoop” we all are seeking right now.

The first steps toward building this new open media environment may be the recognition of the value of all those voices, which could start with simple and easy respect for attribution netiquete by the mainstream media… and bloggers.

Brazil: Can the Amazon problem be solved with new management?

Jose Murilo — Sat, 24 May 2008 00:42:25 +0000

Changing the command in a Brazilian Ministry used to be a domestic affair, but the resignation of the renowned rainforest defender Marina Silva from the Environmental Ministry has sparked global reactions. Ms. Silva's replacement was quickly announced by President Lula, through the designation of Carlos Minc, former environmental secretary of Rio de Janeiro State and one of the founders of the Green Party in Brazil. Here are some comments from local bloggers on the shifting sands of public environmental policy.

Marina Silva - # - Carlos Minc

Ao deixar o ministério, a ex-seringueira e ex-empregada doméstica alfabetizada aos 17 anos, conseguiu gerar, dentro e fora do País, uma repercussão que suplantou aquelas que ocorriam eventualmente com a queda de algum titular do Ministério da Fazenda. Ela espera do sucessor Carlos Minc, como demonstração de continuidade da política ambiental, que resista à pressão do governador Blairo Maggi, do Mato Grosso, que atua contra a manutenção da resolução do Conselho Monetário Nacional que, a partir de 1º de julho, obriga o sistema financeiro a exigir regularidade ambiental como condição para o crédito rural na Amazônia… Marina Silva disse que quando se ocupa um espaço de poder, mesmo sendo algo pequeno, como uma coluna de jornal, sofremos a tentação de querer olhar as pessoas de cima para baixo. ” - Aprendi, e não foi agora, mas com muitas pessoas ao longo da vida, como Chico Mendes e dom Moacir Grechi, que a gente tem que olhar de baixo para cima. De baixo para cima a gente consegue enxergar o que está acima de nós. A Amazônia está acima de nós. E com esse olhar a gente é capaz de enxergar que, para fazer algo que seja bom, é preciso se colocar numa perspectiva de serviço, que também pode ser o gesto de abrir o caminho para que outro ocupe o seu lugar. Eu já disse que é melhor ver o filho vivo no colo de outro a vê-lo jazer no próprio colo.”
“A Amazônia está acima de nós” - Altino Machado

By leaving the ministry, the ex-rubber tapper and ex-domestic worker, who learned to read only when she was 17 years old [and later to become Brazil's youngest senator at the age of 36], has generated — inside and outside the country — a reverberation that overshadows those that eventually occurred with the fall of former powerful finance ministers. She hopes that her replacement in the ministry, Carlos Minc, will be able to assure the continuity of the government environmental policy, resisting the pressure that comes from Blairo Maggi, the governor of Mato Grosso State who is working against retaining the National Monetary Council resolution that will oblige the financial system to require conforming with environmental regulations as a precondition for access to rural credit in the Amazon…. Marina Silva has declared that when you are in a position of power, even if it is something small (the editor of a newspaper column, for example), we suffer the temptation to look at people from the top down. — “I've learned, and it was not now but with many people I had the opportunity to meet along my life, people like Chico Mendes and Dom Moacir Grechi, that we have to look from the bottom up. From the bottom up we are able to watch what is above us. The Amazon is above us. And with such a look we are able to see that, in order to do something that is really good, we have to put ourselves in the perspective of service, which can also mean the gesture of cleaning the path so that another person can take your place. I've said before that it's better to see your son alive on someone else's lap than to see him dead on your own lap.”
“The Amazon is above us” - Altino Machado

Coleguinhas, preparem-se. Minc vem aí. O novo ministro do Meio Ambiente desembarcará em Brasília para almoçar, hoje, com a ex-ministra Marina Silva e depois se reunir com Lula no Palácio do Planalto. Doravante, o ministério deixará de ser uma fonte de notícias eventuais. Minc é mediático. Está para a internet, digamos assim, como Marina estaria mais para o rádio (sem desapreço a esse, pelo contrário). Aprontará quase todo santo dia. E os meios de comunicação serão obrigados a destacar jornalistas para cobrir todos os seus passos. Um dia, como na semana passada, ele é capaz de baixar a lenha no seu futuro colega Mangabeira Unger, da Secretaria Especial de Ações de Longo Prazo, designado por Lula para cuidar do Programa Amazônia Sustentável. No outro, de sugerir o nome de Jorge Viana, ex-governador do Acre, para a tarefa que caberá a Unger. E no seguinte de elogiar Unger e dizer que ele poderá fazer um bom trabalho. É um hábil manipulador de palavras, idéias e conceitos, assim como seu novo patrão, Lula. Prestem atenção no que ele disse ontem sobre o fato de ter batido o recorde de concessões de licenças ambientais para obras como secretário do Meio Ambiente no Rio de Janeiro: “- Você pode ser rápido e rigoroso. Não é porque um licenciamento demora três anos que isso é garantia de defesa do ecossistema. Podem ficar três anos demorando com a burocracia e ser um licenciamento frouxo.” Os repórteres anotaram o que ele disse. Ninguém o contestou. Repórteres têm pouco tempo para pensar a respeito do que ouvem. E parte deles não sabe o que pensar. No caso, Minc limitou-se a driblar a provocação que lhe haviam feito.
A Amazônia é nossa? Uma ova! - Blog do Noblat

Hey colleagues, get ready! Minc is coming. The new environmental minister will land in Brasilia to have lunch today with ex-minister Marina Silva, and later meet with Lula at the Planalto Palace. From now on, the ministry will not be a sole source of news. Minc is media-minded. He tends to use the Internet, as Marina leans to, should we say, the radio (no disregard here for the radio, on the contrary). He will bustle every single day, and the media will have to appoint reporters to follow him around. On one day, as it happened last week, he is capable of chastising his future colleague Mangabeira Unger from the Special Secretariat for Long Term Actions, the man designated by Lula do run the Sustainable Amazon Program. On another, he is ready to suggest the name of Jorge Viana, an ex-governor from Acre state, to take Mangabeira's post. Next day, he is ready to praise Unger saying that he is apt to do a great work. Minc is good at manipulating words, ideas and concepts, just like his new boss, Lula. Take a good look at what he said yesterday when asked about the record number of environmental permits to big infrastructure projects granted by him as environmental secretary of Rio de Janeiro State: “You can be fast and rigorous. It is not because it took 3 years that a permit will guarantee protection to the ecosystem. You can wait 3 years lost in bureaucracy and obtain a loose licensing.” The reporters just took note of what he said, and nobody contested. Reporters have little time to think about what they hear, and many of them just don't know what to think. In this case, Minc has limited himself to banter the provocation addressed at him.
The Amazon is ours? Bullshit! - Blog do Noblat

De coletinho folgado e cabelos longos, ainda que ameaçados de extinção, o homem é um happening midiático, uma metralhadora de sentenças bombásticas. Comparado à sua antecessora, a discreta Marina Silva, um símbolo da causa, que lembra uma orquídea em sua exuberância frágil, Carlos Minc está mais para uma motosserra ensandecida varrendo uma plantação de soja.
A matraca solta de Minc - Luis Nassif Online

With his loose vest and long hair, although those are under the risk of extinction, the man is a media event, a machine gun of bombastic sentences. Compared to his predecessor, the discreet Marina Silva, someone who reminds us of an orchid in its fragile exuberance and a very symbol of the cause, Carlos Minc is closer to a mad chainsaw sweeping a soybean plantation.
A matraca solta de Minc - Luis Nassif Online

There has been much speculation about the reasons that led Marina Silva to resign. She has mentioned the lack of political support, and some commenters talk about clashes with Lula's powerful cabinet chief Dilma Roussef, responsible for the government's flagship program for accelerated growth. Another strong rumor tells about the designation of Roberto Mangabeira Unger to coordinate an Amazon sustainable development plan as a last blow to the former minister. In fact, the role of Mangabeira — a former Harvard law professor — in the Brazilian environmental policy decision making has become a whole issue unto itself for bloggers.

Há duas versões para a designação de Mangabeira. Uma delas, corrente no PT, diz que Lula agiu de caso pensado para deixar a ministra sem saída. No Planalto, conta-se outra história, que não desmente a a primeira versão, mas deixa depreender que tudo não passou de um lampejo de Lula… afinal, o ministro não era diretamente parte da disputa (os ministérios do Meio Ambiente, da Agricultura, do Desenvolvimento Agrário e da Integração Nacional). Lula alegaria depois que não poderia indicar um deles [para coordenar o PAS] pois cada um “puxaria a brasa para sua sardinha”… O ministério de Marina nunca deu a ele a oportunidade de uma conversa, solicitada mas ignorada. O Desenvolvimento Agrário também não lhe deu propriamente uma recepção festiva. Mas Mangabeira tinha aliados e foi buscar na Amazônia, um tema sob a atenção mundial, a inspiração para seus primeiros escritos, além da Defesa Nacional… O discurso que o ministro costurou sobre a Amazônia, porém, é o discurso que faz hoje o governo sobre a região… Mangabeira ganhou pontos no Planalto quando apresentou o projeto que propõe um novo modelo para as relações entre o capital e o trabalho.
Em menos de um ano, Mangabeira amplia tarefas, mas é dúvida no PAS - Acerto de Contas

There are two versions offered for Mangabeira's designation [to coordinate the Amazon Sustainable Plan - PAS]. The current version inside the PT [Worker's Party], tells about Lula intentionally pushing the former minister [Marina Silva] out with the move. But in the surroundings of the Planalto Palace another tale is being told, which does not completely contradict the other version, but shows signs that the move came as an ‘insight' from Lula… after all, Mangabeira was not directly involved in the dispute [for the PAS coordination] (among the ministries of Environment, Agriculture, Agrarian Development and National Integration). Lula would have claimed that he could not designate one of these ministries [to coordinate the PAS] because they would “draw the embers next to their sardine” [put their interests first]… Marina's ministry has never paid any attention to Mangabaeira's talks. He tried to have her attention but was ignored, and the Agrarian Development Ministry also showed no enthusiasm for his ideas. Nevertheless, Mangabeira had his allies and reached out to the Amazon — an issue under international scrutiny — to find inspiration for his first writings…. The speech articulated by Mangabeira about the Amazon though, is the speech adopted by the government for the region…. Mangabeira has earned points with Lula when he presented a project which proposes a new relationship model between capital and work.
In less than a year, Mangabeira has amplified his scope, but he is still not confirmed at PAS - Acerto de Contas

Managabeira's new model asserts that the Amazon must be saved from disorganized economic activity, that it needs a planned relationship between preservation and development. “The only way to preserve the Amazon is to develop it.” And, of course, it is the role of Brazil to do this. Interestingly, a NYTimes article published last weekend ('Whose Rain Forest Is This, Anyway?‘) played a central part in the debate, bringing back things like an Al Gore 1989's remark saying that “contrary to what Brazilians think, the Amazon is not their property, it belongs to all of us”. Bloggers, as expected, respond and comment.

Agora, depois que a Europa e América do Norte poluem o planeta à vontade e os Estados Unidos se recusam a assinar o Protocolo de Kioto para proteger a produção poluidora de suas indústrias, querem botar a mão no pulmão do mundo. Justamente a nossa Amazônia.
NY Times critica Brasil por defender a Amazônia - Aos Quatro Ventos

Now, after Europe and North America have polluted the planet as they wished, and that the US refuses to sign the Kyoto Protocol that would help the protection against its polluting industries, they want to land their hands on “the lungs of the Earth”. Which is our Amazon.
NY Times criticizes Brazil for defending the Amazon - Aos Quatro Ventos

Se a Amazônia, sob uma ótica humanista, deve ser internacionalizada, internacionalizemos também as reservas de petróleo do mundo inteiro. O petróleo é tão importante para o bem-estar da humanidade quanto a Amazônia é para o nosso futuro. Apesar disso, os donos das reservas sentem-se no direito de aumentar ou diminuir a extração de petróleo e subir ou não o seu preço. Os ricos do mundo, no direito de queimar esse imenso patrimônio da humanidade. Da mesma forma, o capital financeiro dos países ricos deveria ser internacionalizado. Se a Amazônia é uma reserva para todos os seres humanos, ela não pode ser queimada pela vontade de um dono, ou de um país. Queimar a Amazônia é tão grave quanto o desemprego provocado pelas decisões arbitrárias dos especuladores globais. Não podemos deixar que as reservas financeiras sirvam para queimar países inteiros na volúpia da especulação… Internacionalizemos as crianças tratando-as, todas elas, não importando o país onde nasceram, como patrimônio que merece cuidados do mundo inteiro. Ainda mais do que merece a Amazônia. Quando os dirigentes tratarem as crianças pobres do mundo como um patrimônio da humanidade, eles não deixarão que elas trabalhem quando deveriam estudar; que morram quando deveriam viver. Como humanista, aceito defender a internacionalização do mundo. Mas, enquanto o mundo me tratar como brasileiro, lutarei para que a Amazônia seja nossa. Só nossa.
Cristovam: A internacionalização do mundo - Vi o mundo

If the Amazon Region, from a humanist's point of view, has to be internationalized, then we should internationalize the oil reserves of the entire the world as well. Oil is just as important to the well being of humanity as the Amazon Region for our future. Nevertheless, the owners of oil reserves feel it is in their right to increase or decrease oil production and to raise or lower the price. The rich of the world, feel they have the right to burn this valuable possession of humanity. Similarly, the financial capital of the wealthy nations should be internationalized. If the Amazon Region is a natural reserve for every human being, then it could not be burned down by the decision of a landowner or a country. To burn down the Amazon Region is so tragic, as the unemployment provoked by the arbitrary decisions of world wide speculators. We cannot permit that the world΄s financial reserves serve to burn down entire nations according to the whims of speculation…. We could internationalize the children treating all of them, regardless of their birthplace, as a posession which deserves the care and attention of the entire world. Even more so than the Amazon Region. When the world leaders attend to the world΄s poor children as possessions of Humanity, they will no longer permit that these children work when they should be studying, that they die when they should be living. As a humanist I accept to defend the internationalization of the world. So long as the world treats me as a Brazilian, I will fight so that our Amazon Region will be ours. Only ours. [this is a re-blogged piece of a classical article by former Brazilian Education minister, Cristovam Buarque]
Cristovam Buarque: Internationalization of the world - Cristovam Buarque - Vi o mundo

O assunto mais badalado dos últimos dias, nas redações do Brasil, é a reportagem dominical do novo correspondente do New York Times, Alexei Barrionuevo, com o sugestivo título ‘A Amazônia pertence ao Brasil – ou ao mundo todo?‘. Na caserna, já estão lá uns generais e coronéis de pijama todos ouriçados. Quem lê o texto sem preconceitos ou pré-concepções, no entanto, descobre outra coisa: é honesto. É a típica pauta que só um repórter estrangeiro recém-chegado ao Brasil perceberia. Trata da paranóia sempre presente por aqui de que alguém, em algum lugar, nos quer roubar a Amazônia. Não fala de uma ameaça real. Quem conhece o Brasil há muito não se surpreende com esta discussão; aqueles que chegam de fora ficam surpresos com a idéia que ronda as teorias conspiratórias da direita…
O Brasil tem, sim, uma responsabilidade perante o mundo de preservar sua floresta. É uma responsabilidade também perante nós mesmos. Sem Amazônia, não há chuva do centro-oeste ao sul para irrigar as plantações que sustentam o crescimento ou encher as hidrelétricas que acendem São Paulo e o Rio. Então, do ponto de vista pragmático, não há dúvidas de que preservar é bom negócio. Como preservar? Fechar tudo e não deixar ninguém mais entrar? Como distribuir os títulos de terra para quem já está por lá? Como instituir a lei numa terra em que deputados-policiais matam gente com serra elétrica? Como erguer centros de pesquisa brasileiros com cientistas de ponta transferidos ou nascidos na região? Ninguém vai tomar a Amazônia – a política internacional não comporta esse tipo de ação. Mas, por trás do pedido de demissão da ministra Marina Silva, está um fato simples que só. O Brasil ainda não sabe o que quer fazer com sua maior floresta. E, enquanto não soubermos o que fazer com a mata, ela seguirá sendo destruída e uns tantos entre nós, por puro sentimento de culpa, continuarão achando que alguém lá fora vai tomá-la na força. Talvez porque, no fundo, bem lá no fundo, saibam que temos culpa no cartório.
A Amazônia é nossa? - Pedro Dória Weblog

The most buzzed issue of the last days, in all news rooms in Brazil, is the Sunday report from the new New York Times correspondent in Brazil, Alexei Barrionuevo, which presents a suggestive title: “Does the Amazon Belong to Brazil - or the whole world?”. From the military barracks, we can almost hear the unease coming from old generals and colonels in pajamas. But, those who read the text free from prejudices and pre-conceptions, are able to find out one thing: it is an honest piece. It is the typical issue a foreign correspondent recently arrived in Brazil would catch. The article describes the always present local paranoia that someone, somewhere, wants to steal the Amazon from us. It does not speak about a real threat. Those who have known Brazil for a while are not surprised with this debate; those arriving from abroad get startled by the notion embelished in the conspiratory theories from the right….
Yes, Brazil does hold a responsibility before the world to preserve its forest. It is also a responsibility before ourselves. Without the Amazon, there will be no rain from the center-west to the south to irrigate the plantations that are supporting the economic growth, or to fill the hydroelectric reservoirs that lights São Paulo and Rio. So, from a pragmatic point of view, there is no doubt that preserving is good and sound business. How to preserve? Should we close it all and don't let anybody in? How to distribute land titles to the ones already there? How to implement the law in a land where representatives or policemen kill people with chainsaws? How to develop Brazilian research centers to hold top scientists from the region or from abroad? Nobody will take the Amazon from us — international politics does not fit such move. But behind the resignation of ex-minister Marina Silva there is just one simple fact. Brazil doesn't know what to do with its biggest forest. While we do not know what to do with the forest it will continue to be destroyed, and some people among us, induced by this guilty feeling, will keep thinking that someone will take it by force. Maybe because, deep inside, way deep inside, they know that we are indeed guilty for all that.
The Amazon is Ours? - Pedro Dória Weblog

Along the spectrum that lies between preservation and development in regard of public policies, we can still find different aproaches focusing on the cultural richness that bonds the Amazon together in its full splendor. These aspects are shouting to be recognized by everyday facts, but they are not priorities in any of the available political discourses.

É sabido hoje que o conhecimento de boa parte das riquezas amazônicas está profundamente assimilado na cultura de seus povos nativos, remetendo a questão de sua exploração racional e econômica ao respeito e conservação do patrimônio ´étno-botânico´ dos povos da floresta. Tal conceito associa as riquezas locais ao conhecimento acumulado pelas culturas ancestrais da região, fazendo com que flora, fauna e cultura estejam intimamente ligados nessa relação sinérgica de conhecimento, respeito, uso e conservação. Mas se a preservação física e tangível dos ´povos da floresta´ é uma questão de caráter natural, imunológico e médico, sua preservação ´enquanto cultura´ possui um forte componente político, muito mais controlável e ameno à intervenção do Estado. Preservação cultural, em linguagem leiga, implica dar condições às populações indígenas de seguirem com seu próprio modo de vida, baseado em crenças e costumes milenares de seus ancestrais. Na base de tudo isso estaria a própria ´visão cósmica´ desses grupos, seus ´mitos teológicos´ inclusive… É urgente a necessidade de conceber a Amazônia, em suas imensas possibilidades econômicas, como um amálgama de componentes indissociáveis e que inclui, necessariamente, o natural e o cultural: a floresta e o homem.
A floresta e o homem da floresta, por George Felipe Dantas - Vi o mundo

It is known today that the knowledge about great part of the Amazonian richness is deeply assimilated in the culture of its native people, addressing the issue of its rational economic exploration directly to the [need to] respect and preserve the ethno-botanical heritage of the forest and its dwellers. Such a concept associates the local wealth with the knowledge acumulated by ancestral cultures of the region, uniting flora, fauna and culture into an intimate connection that presents a synergistic relationship of knowledge, respect, use and preservation. But while the physical and tangible preservation of the ‘people of the forest' entangles the natural, immunological and medical aspects, the preservation of the cultural aspect holds a strong political component, much more mild and manageable from the point of view of state intervention. Cultural preservation, in common language, means to maintain the conditions for the indigenous populations to keep following its proper way of life, based on ancient beliefs from its ancestors. At the foundation of all this sits these groups' very ‘cosmic vision', including their ‘teological myths…. We have the urgent need to conceive the Amazon, and its huge economic possibilities, as an amalgam of inseparable components which necessarily includes the natural and the cultural: the forest and the man.
The forest and the man of the forest, by George Felipe Dantas - Vi o mundo

Brazil: Images of the ‘Invisible Indians' in the Amazon

Jose Murilo — Fri, 23 May 2008 15:45:28 +0000

Altino Machado presents pictures [PT] of what could be the last isolated ethnic group in the Brazilian Amazon rainforest, the so called ‘Invisible Indians'. The pictures were taken from a plane by José Carlos dos Reis Meirelles Jr., coordinator of FUNAI's [Brazilian National Indian Foundation] Ethno-environmental Protection Front, in the region close to Feijó, in Acre State. The Indians reacted by attacking the plane with bow and arrows.

Brazil: The prohibited march that keeps marching

Jose Murilo — Fri, 16 May 2008 00:49:18 +0000

After a long period of dictatorship, and since the political liberalization of the 80's, Brazilians have learned to value freedom of expression as a key democratic right. But the last weeks have shown that some issues such as marijuana legalization still don't hold the status of being entitled to a legally sanctioned public debate. This year's edition of the Marijuana March was prohibited by courts in 9 capital cities across the country due to allegations of illegal promotion of drug use. The theme provoked responses by many local bloggers.

Enquanto em alguns países o uso da maconha é restritamente aceito, no Brasil esse tipo de debate não é nem ao menos permitido. Falar sobre maconha se tornou mais que um tabu, visto que poucos dias antes da marcha acontecer ela foi proibida pelo Ministerio Público, decisão essa que impediu um recurso contrário devido a proximidade da data do evento. Fica clara a incapacidade desse país em permitir com que seus cidadãos possam debater em prol das relações que temos com alguns problemas vividos por aqui. Seria uma passeata, apologia? Debater se tornou influenciar? Alguns termos estão muito mal definidos na cabeça do poder legislativo, o que impede o cidadão de se reunir para reivindicar o que lhe julga de direito: a liberdade de expressão.
Fascismo Tropical - Obrog!!!

While in some countries marijuana use is accepted with restrictions, in Brazil the debate on the issue is not even permitted. Talking about marijuana has turned into a taboo, as the march was prohibited by the Public Ministry a few days before scheduled date, leaving no chance for appeals due to the lack of available time. It becomes clear the country is unable to allow its citizens to debate their relationship with some of the problems we have around here. Should we label a demonstration for legal reform as drug use promotion? To debate necessarily means to influence? There are some terms that are not well defined in the heads of the justices, which results in hindering the citizens from claiming their right: the freedom to express themselves.
Tropical Fascism - Obrog!!!

Obviamente, decisões judiciais não se descumprem, mesmo que as achemos inconstitucionais, pois gozam da presunção de legitimidade necessária à segurança jurídica das relações humanas e sociais reguladas pelo direito, valor maior a ser preservado no sistema jurídico. Mas nada impede que sejam objeto de debate acadêmico e mesmo político, sob um ponto de vista crítico. Os direitos à livre expressão do pensamento e à reunião são garantidos pelo artigo 5º de nossa Constituição como valores fundamentais do regime democrático. Princípio democrático é a norma constitucional que determina não apenas a adoção de decisões por uma maioria legislativa ou social, mas também - e em especial -, a preservação dos direitos das minorias… Subtrair de parcela da cidadania o direito de protestar contra a vigência de qualquer lei, penal ou não, é ferir de morte o regime democrático. É subtrair-lhe o sentido, traduzindo-se em ato imperial, impróprio ao Estado Democrático de Direito… Se postular pela revogação de uma lei não é conduta salvaguardada pelo direito de livre expressão, que condutas da cidadania seriam salvaguardadas por este direito? Posso expressar que sou contra as normas vigentes, mas não posso dizer quais e as respectivas razões?… Fica agora a questão: será que passeatas em favor da descriminalização do aborto e outras semelhantes também serão proibidas? Podem também serem compreendidas como um estímulo à prática do aborto, conduta tipificada em nossa ordem penal. Se forem, obviamente o sentido da democracia brasileira se esvairá.
A Marcha da Maconha e o direito à livre expressão, por Pedro Estavam Serrano - Última Instância

Obviously, court decisions are to be followed, even the ones we consider as unconstitutional, as they hold the necessary presumption of legitimacy for the juridical safety of social and human relations regulated by the law — which is the higher value to be preserved in a legal system. But it does not mean that those decisions can't be the object of academic and even political debate, under a critical perspective.The right to freedom of expression and to free gathering are guaranteed by the 5th article of our Constitution as fundamental values of the democratic regime. The democratic principle is the constitutional rule that determines not only the adoption of decision by a social or legislative majority, but also — and especially — the protection of the rights of minorities…. To subtract the right to protest against the terms of any law, criminal or not, from part of the citizenry is to injure to death the democratic regime. It subtracts its meaning, and becomes an imperial act, unsuitable for a Legal Democratic State…. If the postulation for the revoking of a law is not safeguarded by the presumption of the right to free expression, which behaviors could be protected by this right? Am I able to express that I am against the current laws, but can't tell which of them and why?… Now a question starts: should pro-abortion demonstrations and other similar ones be also prohibited? Can it be understood as a promotion of abortion practice, which is a conduct listed in our criminal rule? If it can, the meaning of the Brazilian democracy will vanish.
The Marihuana March and the right to free expression, by Pedro Estavam Serrano - Última Instância

Cannabis was brought to Brazil by the first Africans arriving from Angola, and it's use and cultivation was encouraged by the Portuguese, which resulted in it being culturally assimilated by the mestizos and by some Indian groups. Medical use was also common, mostly during the second part of the 19th century, and even advertised in Brazilian medical journals up to the first years of the 20th century. Some commenters focused on the cultural aspects of the censorship.

Tal proibição numa cidade como Salvador, afronta um significado étnico e cultural do uso dessa planta, que é uma parte da herança cultural africana. Sobre esse aspecto assim se expressou Gilberto Freyre: “as tradições religiosas, como outras formas de cultura, ou de culturas negras, para cá transportadas, junto com a sombra das próprias árvores sagradas, com o cheiro das próprias plantas místicas – a maconha ou a diamba, por exemplo – é que vêm resistindo mais profundamente, no Brasil, à desafricanização. Muito mais do que o sangue, a cor e a forma dos homens. A Europa não as vencerá.” (Sobrados e Mucambos, 2003, p.797). Poderia Gilberto Freyre ser enquadrado como “apologista” da maconha?
Democracia Cultural e a Marcha da Maconha - Blog Oficial do Tio Tod

Such prohibition in a city like Salvador, insults the meaning of the ethnic and cultural use of this plant, which is part of the African cultural heritage. About this aspect, Gilberto Freyre [Brazilian sociologist, cultural anthropologist, historian, journalist and congressman] framed it this way: “the religious traditions, as other forms of culture, or black cultures, transported to here, along with the shadows of the sacred trees themselves, with the smell of the very mystical plants — the marijuana, or diamba, for example — are the ones that are resistent in a more profound way, in Brazil, to ‘disafricanization'. It is much more than the blood, the color and the form of the men. Europe won't win over them.” (Sobrados e Mucambos, 2003, p.797). Could Gilberto Freyre be framed as a marijuana use advocate?
Cultural Democracy and the Marihuana March - Blog Oficial do Tio Tod

Recentemente, o Ministro da Cultura Gilberto Gil apresentou uma proposta p/ tombar a Ayahuasca, planta alucinógena que compõe o chá do Santo Daime, como patrimônio cultural nacional. Se a “Pequena Morte” pode, por que não a Manga Rosa, o Cabeça de Nego, o Cabrobó?… Enquanto não se chega a um consenso, e muito menos a uma solução p/ o problema, o presidente do Conselho Federal da OAB, Cezar Britto, defende a liberdade de expressão como bem primordial de um Estado democrático: “O maior mal que se pode impor a um país é calar, censurar o pensamento.”
A marcha que não quer calar - Viva la Brasa

Recently, the Minister of Culture Gilberto Gil presented a proposal to register Ayahuasca, an psychoactive mix of plants that composes the Santo Daime and Hoasca tea, as a National Cultural Heritage. If the ‘small death‘ can, why not the ‘Manga Rosa', the ‘Cabeça de Nego' and the ‘Cabrobó' [popular types of Brazilian marijuana]? …. While we don't reach a consensus, and even less a solution to the problem, the President of the Brazilian Bar Association Federal Council, Cezar Britto, defends the freedom of expression as a fundamental asset of a democratic state: “The biggest evil we can impose to a country is to mute, to censor thought”.
The march that wont' mute - Viva la Brasa

The 20th century brought about the spreading of the notion of the plant as a great danger to individuals and society, and also a surge of international agreements for the adjustment of national laws criminalizing the use of cannabis. Ecologia Cognitiva offers a good account and links showing how the the early Twentieth Century American movie industry played a key role in disseminating the new cultural references for the plant, and the ideological elements displayed by some commenters adds up to the notion that politics seems to play a role bigger than science when it comes down to defining how harmful cannabis really is.

Ao examinarmos os fatos percebemos claramente que os mais comuns e perigosos mitos e inverdades sobre a substância ilegal mais utilizada no mundo são concebidos e difundidos pelo governo americano, em desacordo com as descobertas oficiais… Em 1936 o filme Reefer Madness (vale à pena assistir) inaugura a perseguição mostrando como apenas uma tragada da fumaça maldita pode levar jovens sadios a uma escalada de violência e luxúria que resulta em morte e insanidade. Apesar da declaração de que os fatos narrados no filme não apresentavam nenhuma relação com pessoas ou situações reais, o filme explicita que cumpre a missão de informar a população incauta sobre o ‘novo inimigo público número um' (veja ao lado)… O famoso estudo de 1972 da ‘National Commission on Marihuana and Drug Abuse', formada por especialistas e congressistas convocados pelo então presidente Nixon, sugeria no relatório final que “deveríamos desenfatizar a maconha como um problema” e afirmava que “o uso de drogas por prazer ou outros motivos não-medicinais não são inerente irresponsáveis”. Tal resultado certamente não atendeu à agenda política da época e foi totalmente ignorado pelo governo — o período que se seguiu foi marcado por grande censura à pesquisa com psicoativos.
Em 1988, após 4 anos de estudos envolvendo centenas de testemunhas e milhares de páginas em documentação, Francis Young, Chefe do Depto. Jurídico do DEA publicou relatório onde sugeriu uma reclassificação de periculosidade da cannabis declarando: “é razoável concluir que existem utilizações seguras para a maconha sob supervisão médica — afirmar o contrário constitui claro erro de julgamento”. Novamente os estudos oficiais foram desconsiderados, e aproximadamente 10 anos depois o drug-czar do presidente Clinton (Barry Macfrey), afirma à imprensa que “não existe nenhum traço de evidência científica sobre segurança ou benefícios medicinais da maconha.”… Enquanto isso, na Europa, pesquisa encomendada pelo governo inglês em 1996 registrou parecer que também recomendava a reclassificação da substância, indicando que “os malefícios não devem ser superestimados: a cannabis não é venenosa e não apresenta algo grau de adição”. E o National Institute of Health (EUA) promoveu em 2001 workshop sobre as possíveis utilizações médicas da cannabis, e dentre as conclusões afirma que podem existir casos específicos de pacientes onde o uso da cannabis (a fumaça) supera em resultados os medicamentos que utilizam o princípio ativo (thc) em cápsulas.
Planta proibida, perseguição denunciada - Ecologia Cognitiva

If we take a closer look to the facts, we clearly perceive that the most common and dangerous myths and lies about the most used illegal substance in the world are conceived and spread by the US government, in total disagreement with the official scientific findings…. The 1936 film Reefer Madness (worth watching) started the persecution by portraying how just one inhale of the ‘damn smoke' can lead healthy young people to an escalation of violence and extravagance that results in death and insanity. In spite of the declaration that the facts narrated in the film do not have any relation with real persons or situations, the film is aimed to ‘inform' the ‘unprotected' population about the ‘new number 1 public enemy'…. The famous 1972 research from the ‘National Commission on Marihuana and Drug Abuse', formed by specialists and congresspeople convened by then President Nixon, suggested in its final report that “we should de-emphasize marijuana as a problem” and affirmed that “drug uses for pleasure or other non-medical reasons are not intrinsically irresponsible”. These results did not gain attention in the political agenda at the time, and were totally ignored by the government and the following period was marked by great censorship of any research with psychoactive substances.

In 1988, after 4 years of study involving hundreds of testmonies and thousands of pages of documentation, Francis Young, DEA Administrative Law Judge published a report where he suggests reclassifying the dangerousness of cannabis, declaring: “it is reasonable to conclude that there exists safe uses for marijuana under medical supervision — to affirm the contrary is a clear error of judgement”. The official research was again not considered, and aproximately 10 years later President Clinton's drug-czar (Barry Macfrey), declared to the press that “there is no trace of scientific evidence about safety or medical beneficials of marijuana use.” …. Meanwhile, in Europe, research ordered by the British government in 1996 registered an opinion that recomended the reclassification of the substance, indicating that “the negative aspects of the use should not be exaggerated: cannabis is no poison, and does not represent a high addiction level”. And the National Institute of Health (US) has promoted a workshop about the possible medical uses of cannabis, and among the conclusions it affirms that there may be some specific cases where the use of cannabis (smoked) surpasses the results of the medicines which utilizes the active principle (thc) in capsules.
Prohibited plant, denounced persecution - Ecologia Cognitiva

… Deputado Federal Marcelo Itagiba (PMDB-RJ), ex-secretário de Segurança do Estado, que entrou com uma ação contra a passeata que resultou na sua proibição pela Justiça, contrapôs que o ato era ilegal, pois diligenciava em favor do uso da maconha: “A marcha foi criada para promover um crime, que é o consumo de drogas. Eu não sou contra a liberdade de expressão, mas essa discussão não deveria ser feita em local público, e sim em meios acadêmicos e no Congresso. Essa é um movimento de meia dúzia de burgueses que buscam satisfação pessoal para o seu vício”. O deputado Itagiba está coberto de razão, mas, coitado, não sabe com quem está lidando, ou sabe e não quer falar: pois é justamente no seio da “comunidade” acadêmica, no âmbito das ONGs ambientalistas e, de forma camuflada, nos bastidores dos partidos “progressistas” - e radicais - que se trama a luta pela descriminalização da droga e a sua posterior liberação. O ex-presidente Fernando Henrique Cardoso, o Vaselina, e o governador Sérgio Cabral, leitor do “Estado e a Revolução” (de Lenin), dois produtos típicos do nosso meio “politicamente correto”, são favoráveis e laboram, sempre que possível, em função da sua descriminalização. A tese é a de que com a legalização da produção, comercialização, distribuição e o controle da droga pelo Estado, a violência que a cerca acabaria como num passe de mágica… O fato concreto é que nos últimos 50 anos a droga massificou-se em escala universal. E, paralelamente, tornou-se um negócio (porco) dos mais lucrativos do mundo, com renda global em torno dos US$ 800 bilhões anuais. Por trás dele estão as máfias internacionais, o crime organizado, os guerrilheiros das FARC, interesses ideológicos e revolucionários de todos os matizes, para não falar da própria polícia, dos políticos e de setores do poder judiciário – justamente as instituições que deveriam combater a ferro e fogo o narcotráfico.
A Marcha da Maconha - Blog sem Máscara

…[F]ederal representative Marcelo Itagiba (PMDB-RJ), the former State Public Security Secretary who filed the suit against the demonstration — which resulted in its prohibition by the courts — declared that the march was illegal, as it promotes marijuana use: “The march was created to promote a crime, which is the consumption of drugs. I am not against freedom of expression, but this debate should not happen in a public space, but rather in the academic environment or in Congress. This is a movement of a dozen bourgeoisies who seek personal satisfaction through their own vices”. The representative Itagiba is fully right, but, poor man, he doesn't know who he is dealing with, or he rather knows it well but dosen't want to go deeper on the record: it is exactly amidst the academic “community”, and among the environmentalist NGOs, and in a disguised way, behind the scenes of the “progressive” — and radical — parties where the fight for drug decriminalization and further liberation is conceived. Ex-president Fernando Henrique Cardoso, the ‘vaseline' [lubricant], and governor Sergio Cabral, a reader of “The State and the Revolution” (from Lenin), two typical byproducts of our ‘politically correct' medium, are in favor of this move and work on its behalf whenever they find a chance. The thesis is that legalizing the production, commerce, distribution and control of the drug by the state, the violence around it would vanish in a magic touch…. The concrete fact is that in the last 50 years drugs have massively spread into an universal scale. Alongside, it has turned into one of the most lucrative businesses in the world, generating something around US$ 800 billion a year. International mobs and organized crime are behind it, but also the FARC's guerrillas, the ideological and revolutionary interests of all kinds, not to mention the very police, the politicians and sectors of the justice system — exactly the ones who should fiercely combat the drug dealing.
A Marcha da Maconha - Blog sem Máscara

One thing is certain: this year's edition of the Brazilian Marijuana March is to be remembered by activists from all the different positions of the spectrum. On one hand, it is the first time that the movement to legalize was spread across the country, and on the other, it is worth some reflection on what could be called a backfire in the repression strategy, as the issue earned even more visibility in the media. The two videos posted at Filipeta da Massa illustrate well the situation: the first is a brief documentary of the single legal March in Recife, Pernambuco and the other reports the negative reaction to the prohibition as shown on the main TV news program in Brazil.

Among the many different points-of-view, some people are just starting to approach the issue. For them, it seems illogical trying to understand something without having fair access to all sides of the debate. Kind of obvious, isn't it?

Sobre a marcha: fiquei sabendo há acho que faz duas ou três semanas e, assumo, achei ridículo. Imaginei que só teria um monte de gente que não quer saber de nada da vida, que acha que abala, fumando com a maior pose de ‘prenda-me se for capaz’. Mas, quando soube que, durante a marcha, o consumo da maconha não seria permitido, me esquivei. Esquivei porque senti que seria um negócio sério, mesmo que, obviamente, pessoas tipo citadas acima estariam lá estragando todo o ideal. No fundo eu achei que não fosse dar certo mesmo, a maconha é um grande tabu e ninguém – das pessoas ligadas à política - quer ser o primeiro a discutir sobre sua legalização. Eu não tenho uma opinião formada sobre isso. Lí um folhetinho sobre a marcha e não me convenci que isso deve ou não deve acontecer; tem seus problemas, tem seus benefícios, mas eu realmente não sei o que achar disso. Se fosse comprovado que iria diminuir o tráfico, eu até iria à marcha, defender de verdade a legalização, mas como isso é só uma dedução – mesmo que pareça lógico – e não uma certeza… De qualquer forma, barrar a manifestação foi o cúmulo do autoritarismo, e isso sim eu não apoio de verdade. O pior nessa história toda, é que ninguém sabe agumentar e respeitar. Todos têm suas opiniões a respeito, querem impô-las aos outros, mas não sabe ser pacifico e convincente para isso.
A história de como eu perdi um dente + A Marcha da Maconha - Grão de Estrelas

About the march: I came to know about it kind of 2 or 3 weeks ago, and I must confess that I found it ridiculous. I imagined that it would be a bunch of people who do not want anything from their lives, people who think they are great because of the drug, and that they would be smoking with that superior stand like saying ‘arrest me if you can'. But when I heard that there would be no use of the drug during the march, I backed off. I did it because I had the sense that it would be a serious initiative, even though the kind of people I've mentioned above would be there anyway, managing to ruin the good ideals of the initiative. Deep inside I thought it would not work, 'cause marijuana is a great taboo and nobody — from the people connected to politics — wants to be the first to debate its legalization. I don't have a formed opinion about this. I've read a little folder about the march and I am not convinced if this should happen or not, it has its problems, it could bring some benefits, but I really don't know what to say about it. If we could guarantee that the legalization would decrease the drug dealing, I would go to the march in order to truly support legalization, but as it is just a deduction — though a logic one — and not a sure thing… Anyway, the prohibition was an awful authoritarian decision, and such a thing will never have my support. The worst thing in this whole story is that nobody knows how to debate and be respectful. Everyone has their own opinion on the issue, and they just want to impose it over the others, but nobody knows how to be peaceful and convincing enough for that.
The story of how I lost a teeth + The Marijuana March - Grão de Estrelas

Lost Brazilian ballooning priest carried into the blogosphere

Jose Murilo — Fri, 25 Apr 2008 21:18:26 +0000

Brazil is an unusual place. The country is full of unconventional people, capable of performing extraordinary feats, which nowadays can get reported in peculiar ways by an ever-growing crowd of unique bloggers. This time the story is rather sad, but the blogosphere is exploding with humorous takes on the tragedy of a Brazilian Roman Catholic priest who is missing after drifting out to sea while trying to set a record for a flight using helium-filled party balloons.

The goal of Father Adelir Antonio de Carli was to break the 19-hour record for remaining aloft using only party balloons, in order to raise funds for the rest stop for truckers in Paranagua, Brazil’s second-largest port for agricultural products. Brazilian truckers often spend days waiting to unload in the port, especially during the busy soy export season now under way.

Planes, helicopters and boats from Brazilian rescue forces have been out along the coast of Santa Catarina state looking for the balloon-flying priest all week. Surely, a religious person gone missing during a charity stunt deserves the highest respect, but the lack of elementary safety features in Father de Carli's plan to accomplish his endeavor has unleashed an unstoppable stream of humorous lines, although not without some guilty thoughts about them.

Seria cômico se não fosse trágico? Pois acho que pode ser trágico e cômico. Estão aí as “tragicomédias” que não me deixam mentir. Por favor, concorde comigo antes que eu continue!: é cômico! (súplica gratuita, desinteressada e “afoita!” por dividir o peso na consciência por ter visto tanta graça nisso tudo)
Padre Peter Pan - Fossas do Ofício

Would it be comic if it were not tragic? I say that it can be tragic and comic. Here we have the ‘tragi-comedies' that won't let me lie. Please, agree with me before I go on! — IT IS COMIC! (so here is a bold and gratuitous appeal to share the heavy weight in my consciousness for having seen so much comedy in all this).
Peter Pan Priest - Fossas do Ofício

então, o que tá rolando de piada em cima desse padre que resolveu voar amarrado a balões contendo gás hélio não está nas escrituras sagradas… aliás, a peripécia derradeira do padre aviador é o assunto do dia com um amigo, estudante de jornalismo, que mora no rj. a imprudência do sacerdote, de tão bizarra, chega a ser cômica. como alguém pretende voar de balão com uma condição climática completamente desfavorável, sem ao menos saber operar um gps, minha gente?
Como usar um gps? - de tudo um pouco

So, the amount of jokes over this priest who decided to fly tied to balloons filled with helium is not contained in the sacred scriptures…. Moreover, the flying priest's last feat was the topic-of-the-day in a debate I had with a friend who studies journalism and lives in Rio. The father's imprudence, from being so bizarre, ends up as risible. How does someone wanting to fly with party balloons in completely unfavorable weather, without knowing at least how to operate a gps — really folks?
How to use a gps?Como usar um gps? - de tudo um pouco

Indeed, the last contact made by the priest through a satellite cell phone was a request for someone who could teach him how to operate the GPS he had taken with him, so that he could give his actual coordinates. Even the uber-geek folks at Gizmodo could not keep from gaily commenting the tech aspect in the case.

Sadly, nobody was able to explain to him how to do it correctly and, around 9PM—the time of his last contact—he disappeared. I see this sad event, which has ended in the tragedy of a missing person—obviously he's a bit crazy and this is all his fault—as an example of all that is wrong with the design of machines today. Not because technology itself was the cause of him getting lost—it wasn't. It was more bad luck and bad planning than anything else. After all, his first flight was a success without GPS, and men have been wandering through Earth without any help for thousands of years. The problem here is that I can imagine his frustration, trying to make sense of an infernal device so he could tell people his exact location, all the while knowing that he was going to get lost forever in the immensity of the sea.
Priest Takes Off Using Party Balloons, GPS to Find God (Literally) - Gizmodo

Searchers have already found many of the balloons stretched over an area 50 km away from the coast of Santa Catarina state, but no signs of the cleric, who was wearing a helmet, aluminum thermal flight suit, water-proof overalls and a parachute. Friends and relatives still believe that the priest was well prepared for unexpected events, and that there is big chance that he is still alive. Yet, other accounts tell about the priest's daring and exhibitionist personality, that would disregard safety measures and trample upon any obstacle standing on his way to broad recognition.

O padre Adelir De Carli, de 41 anos, foi expulso da escola de vôo livre Vento Norte, em Curitiba, há cerca de três anos por indisciplina e exibicionismo. É o que conta Márcio André Lichtnow, instrutor responsável pelo curso de parapente que teve o padre como aluno… “Ele era indisciplinado e não participava das aulas teóricas, que são fundamentais para se compreender as questões meteorológicas. Ele não tinha nada de humilde, se acha o bom, o que conhecia tudo, o que sabia tudo. Parecia um playboy”, diz Lichtnow. O instrutor afirma que o padre fez dez horas de aulas práticas e quatro horas de aulas teóricas. Para completar o curso precisaria de 40 horas de prática e 30 horas de teoria. Lichtnow conta ainda que o padre o procurou para falar dos planos de voar a partir de Paranaguá (PR). “Falei para ele que decolando dali o único lugar que ele poderia pousar era na África do Sul, porque é para lá que os ventos levam. Mas ele disse que já havia estudado tudo e eu achei que era brincadeira”, lembra. “Fiquei bem menos católico depois de conhecer o padre”, finaliza o instrutor, que faz questão de dissociar a figura de Adelir De Carli da escola de vôo. “Ele tentou ser meu aluno, mas não foi aceito”.
Mais um brasileiro em ‘Lost' - Dona Didi

Father Adelir de Carli (41) was expelled from the free flight course Vento Norte [North Wind] 3 years ago, in Curitiba [Parana State], for his exhibitionism and lack of discipline. This is what Marcio Andre Lichtnow — the instructor of the para-glider course attended by the priest — tells us… “He was undisciplined and would not attend the theory classes, which are basic for the comprehension of the meteorological issues. He was not humble at all, having an inflated view of himself, the know-it-all guy. He looked like a playboy”, says Lichtnow. The instructor says the Father attended 10 hours of practical lessons and 4 hours of theory. In order to complete the course, he would need 40 hours of practice and 30 hours of theory. Lichtnow tells also that the priest sought him to talk about his plans to fly from Paranagua. “I told him that if he flew from there, the only place he could land it would be South Africa, because there is where the winds blow to. But he said he had already figured out everything, and I thought he was joking”, he remembers. “I became much less Catholic after meeting this priest”, sums up the flight instructor, who is very clear in dissociating the priest from his flight school. “He tried to be my student, but he was not accepted”.
Another Brazilian in ‘Lost' - Dona Didi

There is a possibility that the priest's careless attitude for his own safety gave license to or even triggered the strong flow of comic responses seen in the Brazilian blogosphere concerning the unusual circumstances contributing to his disappearance. Last time we checked, Father Adelir had even acquired a fake blog called ‘Imaginary Diary of a Flying Priest‘, and Julio Vedovatto plays with the possible media headlines around the world reporting about the priest's stunt:

- The New York Times: Padre sobe, bolsas caem.
- O Globo: Caos aéreo: Piloto confirma ‘quase colisão’ com padre.
- Diário de Bogotá: Padre desaparecido pode estar em poder das FARC.
- Gazeta de Madrid: Zapatero avisa: Se padre entrar na Espanha, será deportado.
- Diário de La Paz: Evo Morales recebe padre e pede reajuste para encher os balões de gás.
- Diarinho: Padre maluco se escafedeu com balões de festinha.
- Corrieri de la cera: Vaticano apóia balão, mas condena camisinha.
- Washington Post: Hillary vs. Obama: Padre irá desempatar a disputa.
- Beijing News: Governo Chinês confisca as imagens da queda do balão do padre no Tibet e afirma que não houve violência.
- Beijing News (edição extra): Governo chinês diz que padre já está treinando para a cerimônia de abertura dos jogos olímpicos.
- Israel: Resbolah diz que ‘padre voador’ é um deboche à Maomé e promete novos ataques terroristas.
- Correio Braziliense: Oposição diz ter provas de que os balões foram comprados com cartão corporativo.
- Diário do Equador: Governo confirma que balão foi abatido pelo exército Colombiano e exige explicações.
Enquanto isso nos jornais do mundo, sobre o Padre do Balão - Julio Vedovatto

- The New York Times: Priest goes up, the market goes down.
- O Globo: Aerial Chaos: Pilot confirms ‘near collision' with priest.
- Bogotá Daily: Missing priest maybe a FARC prisoner now.
- Madrid Gazette: Zapatero Declares: If priest tries to enter Spain, he will be deported.
- La Paz Diary: Evo Morales talks with Priest, seeks adjustment on gas prices to refill balloons.
- Little Diary: Crazy Priest Gets away with the Balloons of Kids' Party.
- Corrieri de la Cera: Vatican supports ballons, but keeps condemning preservatives.
- Washington Post: Hillary vs. Obama: Priest will decide the contest.
- Beijing News: Chinese government seizes images of the priest's balloon landing in Tibet and affirms there was no violence.
- Beijing News (Extra Edition): Chinese government announces that the priest is already rehearsing for the opening of the Olympic Games.
- Israel: Hezbolah declares that the “flying priest” is a Moaomé mockery and promises new terrorist attacks.
- Correio Braziliense: Opposition talks about evidence that the balloons were bought with governement credit cards.
- Ecuador Daily: Government confirms that ballons were shot down by Colombian forces and demands explanations.

Newspapers around the world, about the balloon priest - Julio Vedovatto

In fact, the story of the Brazilian priest and his balloons has really echoed abroad, and the tragicomic results among bloggers seems to be the same. The event is already listed as a candidate for the ‘Darwin Awards‘, an initiative to ‘reward people who remove themselves from the gene pool voluntarily by accidentally killing themselves in stupid ways', and ‘The spoof‘ has a headline that says: “Al Qaeda accepts responsibility for missing balloon priest“.

Almost a week after the disappearance the priest's family still believes that he will be found, as the seat was lined with air-tight pockets that can be pumped up and there are several islands in the region that he could have washed up on. Indeed, one of the most circulated satires of the case toys with the fact that the priest might have landed on a very well-known island, where others are already Lost.

Another Brazilian in Lost
[Rodrigo Santoro, a Brazilian actor, joined Lost's cast during it's third season]

We hope and pray still for the success of the continuing search efforts and that we may have the opportunity to share stories about the viral media phenomenon triggered by his exploits and good laughs with the Father himself. Meanwhile, the blogosphere continues to balloon with the story.

Where is the priest?

Places the crazy balloon priest has visited

Father Adelir makes appearence on Google Maps

New Oil in Brazil Unleashes a Gusher of Media Controversies

Jose Murilo — Mon, 21 Apr 2008 12:35:19 +0000

Twisted information about the discovery of what may possibly be the third largest oil field in the world turned into a hot issue on the Brazilian blogosphere this week. The trigger was a comment from the head of Brazil's National Petroleum Agency [ANP], Haroldo Lima, mentioning that the recently found Carioca [or Sugar Loaf] field in Brazil’s offshore Santos Basin could potentially contain reserves of up to 33 billion barrels of oil and gas. The comment was amplified by the media as an official announcement, which caused a wave of excitement through investor markets from Brazil to New York for Petrobrás [Brazil's state-run oil company] and its partners Repsol-YPF and the BG Group.

Petrobras officials quickly reacted saying that 3 months of further drilling would be needed before any meaningful estimate of volumes could be made. Yet, the day-after local media headlines took on the ‘announcement' as a deliberate act to boost Brazilian markets and Petrobras' share price, and speculated about the legal consequences the company could face for making such groundless comments. Meanwhile bloggers found a new gusher of opinions in the theme.

Haroldo Lima, diretor da Agência Nacional do Petróleo, negou peremptoriamente que fez qualquer anúncio público com relação ao achado da Bacia de Santos. Ele teria feito uma cogitação embasada por artigos que foram publicados por uma revista americana especializada. Acontece que diretor de um órgão regulador tem palavra de peso não somente no segmento em que atua, mas também no mercado financeiro. Logo, não lhe cabe fazer ilação alguma. O peso da palavra de um gestor na área petrolífera é muito maior que a opinião ou matéria de um jornalista.
O peso da palavra e da responsabilidade - Leandro Vieira

Haroldo Lima, director of National Petroleum Agency, has firmly denied having made any public announcement related to the Santos Basin's find. He would have just made a comment based in articles published in a specialized American magazine. But the word of the director of a regulatory agency has weight not only over the sector regulated by it, but also over financial markets. Therefore it is not his role to make any inference. The weight of the word of an oil sector manager is much bigger than the opinion or an article of a journalist.
The weight of the word and the responsability - Leandro Vieira

A imprensa, que na sua esmagadora maioria é opositora ao Presidente Luís Inácio Da Silva, o “Lula”, tentou caracterizar como irresponsável Haroldo Lima, e a oposicionista CVM (Comissão De Valores Mobiliários) diz que vai “investigar” Haroldo Lima por ter dado as informações ao público antes da divulgação pela Petrobrás. Foi uma demonstração evidente do despeito, inveja e rancor da direita brasileira com o Presidente Lula. Despeito por tentar desqualificar as afirmações de Haroldo Lima, respeitável homem público brasileiro. A imprensa é tão sórdida que tentou espetacularizar a divulgação do fato, feita esta divulgação em evento fechado, como se Lima tivesse anunciado no coreto da praça com megafone, para todo o população. Na verdade, o fato já era de conhecimento de especialistas em petróleo, e já tinha sido divulgado nos EUA pela revista “World Oil Magazine”.
Imprensa vocifera contra - Tribuna Petista

The media, which in its overwhelming majority is opposed to the president Luis Inacio da Silva, the “Lula”, has tried to characterize Haroldo Lima as irresponsible, and the oppositionist CVM (Securities and Exchange Commission) says it will “investigate” him for having shared information with the public before an official announcement from Petrobras. That was an evident demonstration of spite, envy and hatred from the Brazilian right against the President Lula. That's what we can translate from the attempt to disqualify the remarks of Haroldo Lima — a respectable public Brazilian figure. In its sordid ways, the media has tried to sensationalize the context of Lima's comments, which were made in a closed event, as if he had made an announcement in a public plaza with a megaphone, aiming to reach the whole population. In fact, the information about the Carioca field was already known by oil specialists, and it had already been reported in the US by the “World Oil Magazine”.
Media roars against - Tribuna Petista

O ódio da imprensa, que está contaminando até membros do governo, deriva do fato de que Lima revelou uma grande barriga da mídia tapuia. Uma informação estratégica sobre nossas reservas energéticas, importantíssima, circulava desde fevereiro na imprensa especializada, e a nossa imprensa não sabia de nada. Não noticiava nada. Um erro colossal… O caso dos mega-campos é emblemático. A direita ficou triste! Ficou triste com o fato do Brasil ter encontrado petróleo! Agora, ficou triste e revoltada com o fato do diretor da ANP ter contado o que a imprensa especializada já sabia, que há possibilidade muito concreta do campo Pão de Açúcar ter mais de 30 bilhões de barris e ser a terceira maior reserva do planeta.
Em defesa de Haroldo Lima: a barriga foi da mídia - Óleo do Diabo

The media hatred, which is infecting even members of the government, derives from the fact that Lima has revealed a big failure of the local press. Strategic information about our energy reserves, something hugely important, was circulating since February in the specialized media, and our local outlets were not aware of it. They were not reporting anything about it. What a colossal slip-up… The case of the mega-fields is emblematic. The right has become depressed about it! It has become depressed with the fact that Brazil has found oil! Now, it is depressed and revolted by the fact that ANP's director has shared what the specialized media already knew, that there is a concrete possibility that the Sugar Loaf field contains more than 30 billion barrels and is the third biggest reserve on the planet.
In defense of Haroldo Lima: the media failed - Óleo do Diabo

Lula: … tell Petrobras to make up another oil field,
so that I can get away from the latest scandals, heck!!!

It looks like the left-right bickering has once again thwarted media accuracy in reporting important issues, and the blogs are speculating about the hidden agendas in this case. Once again you will find different scripts for the same plot depending on which blog you read, but it is good to mention that the man in case, ANP's director Haroldo Lima, is an historic leader from the left who is particularly known for his activism — he was jailed and tortured by the regime's political police from 1976 to 1979 — through the traumatic period of armed resistance and military dictatorship in Brazil.

Em abril de 2006, o governo torrou 40 milhões de reais para anunciar que o Brasil tinha passado a produzir mais petróleo do que consome. Mas a auto-suficiência não ocorreu até agora. A produção da Petrobras emperrou, o consumo aumentou e o déficit na balança comercial de óleos e derivados voltou a crescer. O rombo em 2008 deve atingir 8 bilhões de dólares. Sobrou pirotecnia também no ano passado, com a descoberta do megacampo de Tupi. À época o governo afirmou que as reservas brasileiras, hoje em 14 bilhões de barris, poderiam subir para 22 bilhões de barris. Mas é extremamente cedo para dizer se ou quando essas reservas poderão ser exploradas. Na semana passada, dados referentes à Petrobras foram novamente usados para alimentar pirotecnias políticas. Haroldo Lima, diretor-geral da Agência Nacional do Petróleo (ANP), declarou que a Petrobras havia descoberto uma megajazida petrolífera na Bacia de Santos.
Governo mente sobre a Petrobrás - Blog do Briguilino

On April 2006, the government wasted 40 million reais to announce that Brazil had started to produce more oil than it consumes. But the bragged-about self-sufficiency has not happened until now. Petrobrás' production has stalled, the usage has increased and the short-fall of the oil's commercial balance has started to grow once again. The red numbers in 2008 may reach 8 billion dollars. There were fireworks also last year, to announce the discovery of the Tupi mega-field. At the time, the government declared that the Brazilian reserves, that reach today 14 billion barrels, could add up to 22 billion barrels. But it is extremely early to say if or when those reserves will be in fact explored. Last week, some data related to Petrobras was again used to feed political pyrotechnics. Haroldo Lima, National Petroleum Agency's [ANP] general director has declared that Petrobras found a mega-field at Santos Basin.
Governo mente sobre a Petrobrás - Blog do Briguilino

É possível que alguns especuladores tenham ganho dinheiro com a informação que ele fez PÚBLICA e ABERTAMENTE. Mas esses especuladores ganham de qualquer maneira. Se o fato não se confirmar, vendem e ganham novamente. Haroldo Lima não tem dinheiro ou ligação para jogar na Bovespa, comprar ou vender ações da Petrobras. Se tivesse recursos, compraria cada vez mais Petrobras, acredita mil por cento na empresa. Provavelmente, quase certo, o objetivo de Haroldo Lima foi denunciar acordos da Petrobras com empresas estrangeiras. Esse megacampo que ele chamou de “Pão de Açúcar”, já não é “tão nosso”como deveria ser. A Petrobras só tem 45% de um grupo que explora o petróleo desse megacampo. A inglesa BG, tem 30%, a argentina-espanhola, Repsol, os outros 25%. Por que e para quê a Petrobras precisa de recursos para exploração e prospecção?
Helio Fernandes: Haroldo Lima, insuspeito e intocável - à ilharga de uma geógrafa (blog incidental)

It is possible that some speculators have made some money with the information that he [Haroldo Lima] has opened to the public. But these speculators would earn money one way or another. If the information turns out to be false, they will sell and win again. Haroldo Lima has no money or connections that would allow him to play at Bovespa [the Brazilian Stock Market]… Probably, almost certainly, Haroldo Lima's goal was to denounce Petrobras' contracts with foreign companies. This mega-field, which he called “Sugar Loaf”, it is not “ours” as it should be. Petrobras has only a 45% share along with the group of companies that will explore this field. The British BG has 30%, the Argentinian-Spanish Repsol has the remaining 25%. We should ask: why and for what Petrobras needs foreign resources for exploration and prospecting?
Helio Fernandes: Haroldo Lima, unsuspect and untouchable - à ilharga de uma geógrafa (blog incidental)

The one new element that the oil-rich dreams have brought to the Brazilian political arena is the government resolution to change its set of rules for oil exploration and production. Although assuring international partners that there will be no change to the rules of the game already under way, Mines and Energy Minister Edison Lobao said on Thursday that “the government has to have better terms in the sharing of natural resources”. Indeed, the withdraw of subsalt blocks from last year's annual auction of oil concessions was seen as a move to keep the most potentially productive areas out of foreign hands, and a local sign of a growing global trend of a so-called resource nationalism spurred by high oil prices.

Com a descoberta dessa camada pré-sal, chamada de Carioca ou Pão de Açúcar, e das extraordinárias reservas já identificadas, o risco exploratório praticamente deixou de existir e, como destaca o presidente da Petrobras, Sérgio Gabrielli, passou a ser um bilhete premiado. Foi por isso que o Governo e a empresa decidiram, em boa hora, retirar da 9ª rodada de licitação os poços da camada pré-sal e estudam mudar o marco regulatório.Como era previsível, a iniciativa privada e a mídia já se articularam contra, mas a realidade do preço internacional do petróleo, da crise energética na América do Sul e em todo o mundo e, principalmente, da descoberta de gigantescos poços sem risco e com alta rentabilidade, exigem mesmo uma revisão desse marco regulatório de 1997.
Artigo do José Dirceu - Blog de um sem-mídia

With the discovery of this subsalt layer, called Carioca or Sugar Loaf, and of the other extraordinary reserves already identified, the exploratory risk has practically ended, and as Petrobras' president Sergio Gabrielli has remarked, it has become a prized ticket. That was the reason why the government and the company has decided, in time, to withdraw from the 9th round of concessions the subsalt layer blocks, and the plan is to change the 1997 legal framework. As expected, private businesses and the media are making their moves against this approach, but the current reality formed by high international oil prices, the energetic crisis in South America and in the world, and mainly, the recent discovery of almost risk-free giant fields with high profitability, is indeed pushing a revision of the 1997 legislation.
Article from José Dirceu - Blog de um sem-mídia

In the original article [which generated the brouhaha], the author had a special interest in finding out the reason for the change of mind of the Brazilian oil managers concerning oil concessions and partnerships with foreign companies in the exploration of national reserves.

O artigo detalha as prospecções feitas na Bacia de Santos, sua localização e profundidade, a possível extensão do campo, quais os blocos de exploração que compreende, assim como as características do petróleo já descoberto… O último parágrafo manifesta a opinião do autor, inquieto com a possível retirada de blocos-chave da nona rodada de leilões da ANP, que ele julga, “talvez”, o tipo de “nacionalismo que alguns previram devido ao declínio das reservas mundiais de petróleo”. Mas ele conclui com o que considera a “real mensagem dessas descobertas”: “que não devemos perder de vista as bacias potenciais ainda desconhecidas, mas possivelmente grandes, que com freqüência são de exclusivo domínio de empresas petrolíferas nacionais”.
Petróleo de Carioca: o que dizem Haroldo Lima e a World Oil - Vermelho

The article details the explorations developed at the Santos Basin, their position and depth, the possible extension of the field, which blocks of exploration it comprehends, as well as the characteristics of the oil already found… The last paragraph manifests the author's opinion, his unease with the possible withdrawal of some key blocks from ANP's 9th round of auctions, which he considers to be, maybe, the manifestation of the kind of “nationalism that some have predicted due to the decline of world oil reserves”. But he wraps up with what he considers to be the “real message of these discoveries” — “that we must not lose sight of the as-yet unknown, but possibly great, potential of basins that are often the exclusive domain of national oil companies”.
Petróleo de Carioca: o que dizem Haroldo Lima e a World Oil - Vermelho

“God is Brazilian,” Brazilian President Luiz Inacio Lula da Silva said in November in response to his government's announcement that massive new oil reserves had been discovered offshore. Now, as might be expected, various interests are lining up to compete over who owns and benefits from this gift of God.

B-razi-loggers Rage and Roll Against ISO Approval of Microsoft Standard

Jose Murilo — Fri, 04 Apr 2008 20:50:10 +0000

April fool's day this year has brought a bitter taste to the Brazilian open source community. The announcement of the approval of Microsoft's Open XML Format (OOXML) as an ISO/IEC International Standard was, at first, seen as some kind of joke. After all, OOXML had lost a vote on its adoption at ISO in September 2007. The voting members had requested hundreds of adjustments to the standard however it is widely known that today the majority have remained unimplemented. But let's check out why such a drab debate over technical standards has caught the attention of so many bloggers in Brazil.

The open source movement in Brazil, with all its successes and failures, has somehow turned into a cultural trend. In this context, Microsoft's Office suite (Word, Excel, Powerpoint, etc.) and its proprietary files' format became the very symbol of the monopolistic obstacle against the freedom pursued by free software activists, and also the main target of government agencies' official substitution policies. Where the Linux operating system was still not ready to reign, at least OpenOffice — with it's ISO approved ODF file format standard — could help breaking Microsoft's cultural hegemony. And it worked!

In fact, it seems that the strategy has worked too well. Microsoft started to see its multi-billion dollar Office business model menaced by the rising trend of governments giving preference to open standards in their decisions on software acquisition. The tactical reaction of Microsoft in defense of their monopoly position was to blitz for the sanction of their incompatible alternative format Open XML as a second ISO standard. Bloggers decried that the strategy used to carry OOXML through the ISO fast-track process has damaged the standard's credibility and created serious consequences for the whole concept of open standards. Indeed, Microsoft tactics can bring forth an intense rage among those Brazilians who have worked so long and so hard for open standards, and it is not surprising to see MS portrayed not merely as a monopolist but as a monster.

Deixando-se penetrar por um processo que, embora tenha seguido (ainda mal-e-mal) a letra da norma, foi corrompido por trás dos panos por uma série de questionamentos, irregulariedades, lobbies e afins, a ISO perdeu (ou ao menos manchou) sua credibilidade. Se tal aprovação viesse de um consenso, seja por Fast-Track ou não, a ISO manteria sua credibilidade. Porém, ao aceitar as pressões de Redmond e não questionar como as coisas ocorreram nos países, aceitando passivamente isso, ela deixou essa credibilidade ser maculada (de maneira permanente, potencialmente) e, desse modo, colocou em xeque TODOS os padrões ISO.
OOXML = ISO 29500 - Microsoft Ganha, todos perdemos - Linux… e mais coisas

Although having followed (barely) the procedural norms, ISO has lost (or at least damaged) its credibility by being involved in a process that was corrupted behind the scenes by a series of suspicions, irregularities, lobbies and so forth. If the approval had been reached by agreement, be it through Fast-Track or not, ISO would have maintained its credibility. But by passively conceding to Redmond's pressure, and not checking the decision-making procedures of the various countries, ISO has damaged its credibility in a permanent way — and somehow thwarted all the other ISO standards.
OOXML = ISO 29500 - Microsoft Wins, we all lose - Linux… e mais coisas

The novel twist is this case seems to be that being open has brought a commercial advantage to open source initiatives based on the ODF standard, and Microsoft was forced to adapt to the new situation. As deep-seated rivals, Microsoft and Brazilian officials who were dedicated to open source were not entirely ready to face each other in an open exchange at first.

E para piorar um pouco as coisas, a Microsoft, do alto de sua “auto-atribuída” superioridade, e fazendo uso mais uma vez de sua notória arrogância, chegou a afirmar, em janeiro, quando da ocorrência do “Grupo de Trabalho 2” na CE-21:034.00“, na ABNT, grupo este que tinha por objetivo “analisar as respostas da ECMA ao grupo de comentários enviados ao ISO/IEC DIS 29500“, que “o Brasil não deveria opinar se não conseguisse concluir as análises“. Ora, só de comentários brasileiros eram mais de 2000: seria este um número pouco expressivo?
O OOXML foi infelizmente aprovado pela ISO - Open2Tech

From the heights of its self-attributed superiority, and acting with its well known arrogance, Microsoft has come to declare, at the time of the meeting of the “Work Group 2″ — whose goal was to analyze the … comments delivered to the … [ISO standard's process] … in January — that “Brazil should not present opinions if they are not able to finish their analysis”. Well, the total number of Brazilian comments was above 2000 — is this volume not expressive enough?
Unhappily OOXML was approved by ISO - Open2Tech

It must have been the first time that so many countries have engaged in the debate over a technical standard. From the open source side, the communities are proud of their ODF/ISO-26300 standard, which aroused the giant Microsoft to wage a global war only to make their spec match ODF's status. From the other side, huge commercial interests are at stake when Microsoft-based third-party vendors around the world are at risk of being excluded from contracts because the company has no ISO approved format. National delegations were in charge of the vote, and bloggers are decrying that ‘non-technical' issues have influenced the decision.

Quando lemos em blogs e na mídia especializada o que aconteceu em diversos países, onde grupos técnicos foram contra a aprovação, mas o staff do NB local optou pelo voto SIM ou se absteve, devemos reconhecer e aplaudir a lisura e excelência do trabalho efetuado no Brasil pela ABNT, que foi, sem sombra de dúvidas, um exemplo de comportamento que deveria ser copiado pelos NBs do mundo todo!
OpenXML foi aprovado…e agora? - Movimento Software Livre Paraná

When we read in blogs and in the tech media about what happened in many of these countries, where tech groups were against the approval, but the local NB [national standards body] staff opted to vote YES or absent, we must recognize and praise the excellence of what was accomplished in Brazil by ABNT [Brazilian Association of Technical Norms], showing a behavior that stands as an example to other NBs around the world!
OpenXML was approved… what now? - Free Software Movement from Paraná

Na ISO vimos muitos países, covardes e/ou incompetentes, não votaram, tais como os nossos vizinhos: Chile e Argentina e outros “importantes” países: Holanda, Austrália, Bélgica, França, Itália, Rússia, Espanha, Luxemburgo, Malásia, Siri Lanka, Turquia, Vietnã, Zimbaue e Quênia. Todos esses abstiveram-se. Terrível!!! agora os softwares suites de escritórios ficarão como carregadores de celular, bivolts (com ODF e OpenXML).
(Comentário de Movimento Software Livre Paraná em Open XML: Eles realmente ganharam?)

There were many countries at ISO who, out of cowardice and / or incompetence, failed to vote. Among them were our neighbors Chile and Argentina, and also other ‘important' countries such as Holland, Australia, Belgium, France, Italy, Russia, Spain, Luxemburg, Malysia, Sri Lanka, Turkey, Vietnan, Zimbabwe and Kenya. All of these were absent. Terrible!!! Now office suites software will be like cell phone chargers, bivolt (with ODF and OpenXML).
(Comment from Free Software Movement from Paraná at Open XML: Did they really win?)

O Vitorio falou desses países, foi realmente triste. mas o pior é ter constatado distorção em votos importantes como o da Noruega, que chegou a pedir publicamente a mudança de seu voto para Não - digamos que 24 votaram Não, 2 Sim e o voto da Noruega passou como Sim… triste! Fora outras várias irregulariedades como na *Itália*, Portugal, França, Alemanha, Polônia, *Holanda*, Suíça, Suécia e vários outros, incluindo os EUA. Realmente, aquela frase deles “Money Talks” é verdadeira. E imagino como envergonhados muitos técnicos ligados as esses países ondem houve distorção estão. Eles estudam, investigam e concluem que não presta como padrão. Votam contra. E seu voto passa como Sim ou “Absteve”.
(Comment from Movimento Software Livre Paraná at Open XML: Eles realmente ganharam?)

Vitorio has talked about these countries, and it was really sad, but it was worse to be aware of distortions in important votes such as Norway's, whose group has openly asked to change their vote to NO — it was like 24 voted NO, and 2 voted Yes, but Norway's vote came out as YES… It is sad! We won't talk about other irregularities such as in Italy, Portugal, France, Germany, Poland, Holland, Switzerland, Sweden and many others including the US. That phrase they use, “Money Talks”, is true. I can imagine how ashamed are the tech people from these countries who had distorted their votes. They study, research and find out that it does not hold as a standard. They vote against it. But still their vote comes through as ‘Yes' or ‘Absent'.
(Comment from Movimento Software Livre Paraná at Open XML: Eles realmente ganharam?)

A prominent name of this debate is Jomar Silva, General Director of the Brazilian Chapter of the ODF Alliance and member of the Brazilian delegation, who is blogging in Portuguese and in English. His reports are providing an inside perspective on the debate.

Segundo o post do Jomar que esteve no BRM da ISO, um cidadão chegou nele num intervalo e sutilmente pediu para que não levantasse uma questão importante no processo do OOXML da Microsoft virar ou não um padrão ISO: a inexistência do mapeamento entre o formato legado (ex: .doc) e o formato novo (ex: .docx)… Se esse mapeamento não fizer parte da especificação OOXML, seu objetivo primordial é inválido. A especificação é inválida. E a delegação brasileira queria levantar essa bola: cadê o mapeamento ? Mas o barraco aqui é outro. Um cidadão pedir pra ele não levantar essa bola é uma coisa… O que me escapa o entendimento é por que a ISO não deixou o Brasil apresentar esse questionamento ? Só sei que a blogosfera vai desabar sobre esse assunto nos próximos dias e vou acompanhar de perto os blogs do Rob Weir, Bob Sutor, Andy Updegrove, Groklaw e a quantidade de reações que o post traduzido do Jomar recebe. Muitos desses blogs já estão descendo a lenha.
Está rolando um barraco na ISO - Avi Alkalay

According to Jomar, who was at ISO's BRM [Ballot Resolution Meeting], someone came to him during a coffe break and subtlely asked him not to raise an important question in the process analyzing the OOXML request to become an ISO standard: the non-existence of a mapping from the legacy format (ex: .doc) and the new format (ex: .docx)… If this mapping is out of the OOXML specification, its main goal is invalid. The specification is invalid. The Brazilian delegation wanted to raise the issue of: where is the mapping? But here is another point. Someone asking him to not raise the issue is one thing…. What escapes me is why ISO has not allowed Brazil to present this [line of] questioning? All I know is that the blogosphere will be all around the subject in the next few days, and I will follow closely Rob Weir, Bob Sutor, Andy Updegrove, Groklaw and a bunch of reactions that Jomar's translated post is receiving.
Wrangling at ISO - Avi Alkalay

It is worth mentioning that even Jomar Silva, a fiery ODF standard advocate, is among the commenters able to find positive perspectives brought by the whole process. Obviously, Microsoft's retreat from proprietary file formats to open and XML-based (easier to manipulate, produce and consume) file formats is good news. And their commitment to work on translators to support ODF as native file formats in MS Office is something we would not have expected only a few years ago. In the long run, ODF supporters must be in favor of extoling its features and urging the widest use of it as possible and this would not be accomplished by maintaining a fundamentalist anti-OpenXML position in ISO.

Nós, Brasileiros, ganhamos por ter entrado em uma batalha dessas e ter saído por cima (sem dedo no olho e nem golpe baixo). Jogamos segundo as regras do jogo, ainda que alguns interessados tivessem tentado dar a “sua versão” das regras do jogo o tempo todo. Ganhamos ainda, pois saimos fortalecidos. Nunca fomos tão respeitados no mercado internacional de TI e nunca uma discussão sobre padrões abertos fez tanto parte da agenda de tantas pessoas no mundo e portanto, nunca pudemos falar com tanta propriedade a um público tão seleto. Ganhamos por ter unido nessa discussão gregos e troianos e por termos descoberto que empresas rivais no mercado conseguem sentar, discutir e construir juntas. Este é para mim um novo paradigma, que vai logo logo dar frutos a todos os envolvidos.
Open XML: Eles realmente ganharam? - Jomar Silva @ Void Life (Void)

We Brazilians, we have won [as a result of] entering such a battle and leaving it with our heads high (with no finger in the eye or low blows). We played according to the rules of the game, even though there were some interested parties that tried to present their version of the rules all the time. We've won also, because we left the battle strenghtened. We've never been so respected in the IT's international market, and never before has a debate over open standards captured the agenda of so many people in the world. And thus, we have never before had the oportunity to speak to such a select audience. We've won because we gathered Greeks and Trojans in this debate and also because we've found out that rival companies can sit down, discuss and build together. This is for me a new paradigm, which will soon bring results to all involved.
Open XML: Did they really win? - Jomar Silva @ Void Life (Void)

All things considered, it does seem senseless to close anyone's path to openness, and we all must be ready to adapt to new environments.

Kathmandu: 100 million mantras for Tibet

Jose Murilo — Wed, 02 Apr 2008 13:10:10 +0000

Haroldo Castro, at ‘Viajologia‘, is a Brazilian blogger covering events in Tibet with a few posts translated into English. The blog displays some videos and dramatic photos showing the bodies of victims.