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	<title>Global Voices Online &#187; Daniel Duende</title>
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	<itunes:summary>The world is talking. Are you listening?</itunes:summary>
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		<title>Global Voices Online &#187; Daniel Duende</title>
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		<title>Brazil: The Cybercrimes Bill meets the &#8220;Cybercriminal&#8221; Camp</title>
		<link>http://globalvoicesonline.org/2009/02/04/brazil-the-cybercrimes-bill-meets-the-cybercriminal-camp/</link>
		<comments>http://globalvoicesonline.org/2009/02/04/brazil-the-cybercrimes-bill-meets-the-cybercriminal-camp/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Wed, 04 Feb 2009 22:36:03 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Daniel Duende</dc:creator>
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		<description><![CDATA[It's no surprise then that the controversy should grow further when this bill is brought into debate at a huge cyberculture meeting. Daniel Duende joined the crowds of bit-torrent-using p2p-addicted geeks who attended the debate at Campus Party.]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><a href="http://imaginarios.net/dpadua/?p=568"><img title="photo by Daniel Padua" src="http://imaginarios.net/dpadua/wp-content/uploads/2009/02/ed_cparty_dest.jpg" alt="" hspace="5" width="250" align="right" /></a>The Brazilian <a href="http://globalvoicesonline.org/2008/07/19/brazil-cybercrime-bill-is-now-translated/">Cybercrimes Bill</a> proposed by Senator <a href="http://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eduardo_Azeredo">Eduardo Azeredo</a> [Pt] is always a source of big controversy (read more <a href="http://globalvoicesonline.org/2006/11/11/holding-the-line-for-internet-freedoms-in-brazilian-cyberspace/">here</a>, <a href="http://globalvoicesonline.org/2007/05/25/brazil-new-round-on-the-national-internet-policy-debate/">here</a>, <a href="http://globalvoicesonline.org/2008/07/17/brazil-bloggers-question-the-13-new-cyber-crimes/">here</a>, <a href="http://globalvoicesonline.org/2008/07/20/brazil-on-authoriterrorism-and-online-surveillance/">here</a>, <a href="http://globalvoicesonline.org/2008/07/19/brazil-blogging-against-web-censorship/">here</a>, <a href="http://globalvoicesonline.org/2008/09/07/brazil-inventive-censorship-and-the-case-for-anonymity/">here</a>, <a href="http://globalvoicesonline.org/2008/08/05/brazil-the-cost-of-the-cybercrime-bill/">here</a> and <a href="http://globalvoicesonline.org/2008/11/16/brazil-flash-mob-protest-against-digital-crimes-bill/">here</a>). It&#39;s no surprise then that the controversy should grow further when this bill is brought into debate at a huge <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cyberculture">cyberculture</a> meeting. This is exactly what happened at <a href="http://globalvoicesonline.org/2009/01/25/brazil-a-glance-at-campus-party-brazil-in-pictures/">Campus Party Brasil 2009</a>, when Azeredo&#39;s aide José Henrique Portugal, and High Court Judge Fernando Botelho, were invited to defend the Bill in <a href="http://www.cultura.gov.br/site/2009/01/23/publico-da-campus-party-fica-de-costas-em-protesto-contra-lei-azeredo/">a debate</a> [Pt] with the raging crowds of bit-torrent-using p2p-addicted geek Campus Party goers.</p>
<p>Summarizing, <em>Alberto Marques</em>, at gJOL blog [Pt] <a href="http://gjol.blogspot.com/2009/01/campus-party-participantes-protestam.html">said</a>:</p>
<blockquote><p>&#8220;Portugal e Botelho tiveram muita dificuldade para apresentar seu ponto de vista sobre o projeto, sofrendo intensos protestos.&#8221;</p></blockquote>
<div class="translation">&#8220;Portugal and Botelho had a hard time presenting their point of view on the bill, and faced strong protests [during the debate].&#8221;</div>
<p><img src="http://imaginarios.net/dpadua/wp-content/gallery/cparty09-cibercrimes/_MG_8805.JPG" alt="" width="450" align="top" /><br />
<em>José Henrique Portugal facing the audience that protested against the privacy violations and authoritarianism presented by the Cybercrimes Bill</em></p>
<p><em>Meme de Carbono</em> blog features a long post discussing the Cybercrimes Bill in the face of the new age of communication and democracy brought by the Internet, listing many reasons to agree and even more to disagree with Azeredo&#39;s Bill. He <a href="http://www.memedecarbono.com.br/2009/01/24/campus-party-levante-sua-voz/">explains in a few words</a> [Pt] why the Cybercrimes Bill has faced such strong opposition from Brazilian digital citizens:</p>
<blockquote><p>&#8220;Caso o projeto de lei de cibercrimes seja aprovado você terá medo de se expressar.<br />
A liberdade de expressão apoiada pela Internet é uma grande ameaça a uma estrutura de poder estabelecida entre mídia, governos e corporações.<br />
O poder estabelecido está acostumado a comunicar e não a interagir com seu ouvinte, mas nós queremos ser interlocutores do nosso tempo.<br />
A pressa em aprovar a criminalização dos cibercrimes não vem de um apelo popular, mas dos interesses do poder estabelecido que defende uma forma de democracia que não é mais suficiente.&#8221;</p></blockquote>
<div class="translation">&#8220;If the cybercrimes bill is approved, we will be afraid to express ourselves.<br />
The freedom of speech supported by the Internet is a great menace to the power established by media,  governments and corporations.<br />
These established powers are used to speaking to, but not to interacting with, their subjects. But we want to take part in the conversations in these new times.<br />
The haste they have to approve the criminalization of said cybercrimes does not come from the urging of the masses but from the interests of the established powers that defend a form of democracy that is no longer good enough for us.&#8221;</div>
<p><img src="http://imaginarios.net/dpadua/wp-content/gallery/cparty09-cibercrimes/_MG_8756.JPG" alt="" width="450" align="top" /><br />
<em>From left to right: Ronaldo Lemos, Sérgio Amadeu, the chair of the debate (in the middle), Fernando Botelho and José Portugal.</em></p>
<p><img src="http://imaginarios.net/dpadua/wp-content/gallery/cparty09-cibercrimes/_MG_8799.JPG" alt="" width="450" align="top" /><br />
<em>The public applauding Sergio Amadeu&#39;s speech defending web anonymity and attacking the &#8216;Azeredo Bill&#39;.</em></p>
<p><img src="http://imaginarios.net/dpadua/wp-content/gallery/cparty09-cibercrimes/_MG_8730.JPG" alt="" width="450" align="top" /><br />
<em>Left banner: &#8220;We defend Internet Anonymity&#8221;. Right banner: &#8220;Defend the future of the Internet in Brazil and around the World&#8221;.</em></p>
<p><img src="http://imaginarios.net/dpadua/wp-content/gallery/cparty09-cibercrimes/_MG_8684.JPG" alt="" width="450" align="top" /><br />
<em>&#8220;Internet Freedom = Democracy&#8221;</em></p>
<p>But a few minutes before the last speaker finished his speech, event organizers informed the public that they would not be allowed to ask questions to the panelists, because the &#8220;debate&#8221; had taken too long and would have to finish due to other events scheduled in the room. Daniel Padua <a href="http://imaginarios.net/dpadua/?p=566">complains</a> [Pt] about the lack of a real public debate on the &#8220;debate&#8221;:</p>
<blockquote><p>&#8220;Debate sobre lei de cibercrimes poderia ter entrado para a história com a participação direta da sociedade (o que faltou à audiência pública): o evento foi interrompido pela presença do governador em exercício próximo ao debate.&#8221;</p></blockquote>
<div class="translation">&#8220;The debate on the Cybercrimes Bill could have made history with the massive participation of society (which was lacking in the public hearing [<a href="http://globalvoicesonline.org/2008/11/16/brazil-flash-mob-protest-against-digital-crimes-bill/">held in Brasília last November</a>]: but the event was cut short because the next debate would have the governor in office as a speaker.&#8221;</div>
<p><img src="http://imaginarios.net/dpadua/wp-content/gallery/cparty09-cibercrimes/_MG_8682.JPG" alt="" width="300" align="top" /><br />
<em>Tux, the Linux penguin, holds a banner that reads &#8220;Say no to Online Surveillance&#8221;.</em></p>
<p><em>Jorge Araújo</em>, a Brazilian judge behind the <em>Direito e Trabalho</em> blog, <a href="http://direitoetrabalho.com/2009/01/cparty-debate-sobre-a-lei-azeredo/">criticizes</a> [Pt] the intention to create new crimes for the already bulging Brazilian Penal Code:</p>
<blockquote><p>&#8220;Os defensores da lei estão errados ao buscar que se emplaque mais uma norma ao nosso combalido sistema jurídico, prevendo penas de prisão, quando sabemos que ladrões e assassinos são soltos diariamente justamente em virtude da falência de nosso sistema prisional [&#8230;] Por outro lado para que se criminalize um delito é necessário que ele traga à sociedade um verdadeiro clamor, do tipo que antes de ser considerado crime ele já receba a censura da sociedade. [&#8230;] Não é o que ocorre com os delitos que se pretendem penalizar. Pelo contrário muitas práticas que se pretendem penalizas são adotadas pela grande maioria dos presentes na Campus Party e desconhecidas pelo restante da população para o qual o computador é, quando muito, uma máquina de escrever sem papel.&#8221;</p></blockquote>
<div class="translation">&#8220;Those who defend this bill are wrong when they try to stamp one more law on our already crashing judiciary system, charging imprisonment penalties [for indicted &#8220;cybercriminals&#8221;] when we all know that  thieves and murderers are released everyday as our failing judicial system is not able to judge them [&#8230;] On the other hand, an action can only be considered criminal when it raises a clamor in society, in a way that means before being considered a crime, that action is already criticized by the same society. [&#8230;] This is not what happens to the actions that [the bill] is trying to criminalize. Many practices that the [Cybercrimes Bill] seeks to criminalize are commonplace among all people present at Campus Party, and virtually unknown to the rest of the [Brazilian] population who see computers as paperless typewriters, at best.&#8221;</div>
<p><img src="http://imaginarios.net/dpadua/wp-content/gallery/cparty09-cibercrimes/_MG_8809.JPG" alt="" width="250" align="top" /><br />
<em>Many people wore red clown noses and protested against being turned into criminals by the Cybercrimes Bill.</em></p>
<p>Later on in the same post, <em>Araújo</em> criticizes the arguments used by Sergio Amadeu in his defense of online anonymity:</p>
<blockquote><p>&#8220;o anonimato que se permite, e até exige, em regimes de exceção, como os regimes autoritários da China, Cuba, mas também de subjugação como dos próprios países árabes, como o Iraque em face dos Estados Unidos, não se pode confundir com um anonimato interno, que se pode voltar contra os demais cidadãos. Até porque não se cogita que atue anonimamente em um regime democrático sem um propósito escuso.&#8221;</p></blockquote>
<div class="translation">&#8220;&#8221;the anonymity that is permitted, and even needed, in [regimes where people lack basic freedoms] such as authoritarian regimes like China, Cuba, as well as in the [regimes that are subdued by other countries] of the Arab world, like Iraq in the face of the US, shouldn&#39;t be mistaken for the internal anonymity that can turn against other citizens. Even more so because acting anonymously in a democratic regime is unthinkable unless you want to do something wrong.&#8221;</div>
<p>In a comment on Araújo&#39;s post, <a href="http://direitoetrabalho.com/2009/01/cparty-debate-sobre-a-lei-azeredo/#comment-4437"><em>Raquel Recuero</em></a> [Pt] discusses the issue of anonymity and the possible uses of all information that will be made available to the government, and to whoever else takes hold of it, if the Cybercrimes Bill is approved, forcing Internet Service Providers and LAN-houses to keep a log of user activities:</p>
<blockquote><p>&#8220;A lei prevê a obrigação dos provedores de registrar dados de navegação de todos os usuários. TODOS. Isso é, para mim, uma invasão de privacidade por presunção de que, ao navegar, estarei cometendo um crime. Dados esses que poderiam ser usados para outras coisas - penso, por exemplo, no valor publicitário de conhecer os hábitos de navegação das pessoas (eu detesto spam); nas investigações privadas de adultério (detetives); etc. etc.&#8221;</p></blockquote>
<div class="translation">&#8220;The Bill forces the [Internet Service] providers to log the navigation data of all users. ALL OF THEM. This is, in my point of view, privacy disclosure under the presumption that by surfing the web I will be committing crimes. All this data could be used for other things &#8212; I think, e.g., about the marketing value of knowing everyone&#39;s internet surfing habits (I hate spam). I think about [illegal] use of this information for private [marital] cheating investigations, etc.&#8221;</div>
<p>Araújo finishes his post criticizing Eduardo Azeredo for not showing up for the debate, sending his right arm man José Portugal instead:</p>
<blockquote><p>&#8220;achei desrespeitosa a ausência do Senador Azeredo. Não há justificativa para que um representante do povo deixe de comparecer para prestar a este os esclarecimentos sobre a sua atividade. Dificilmente o senador encontrará uma reunião com tantos interessados na sua atividade parlamentar quanto no CParty, e encará-los e ouvi-los, mais do que um ato de cortesia, seria a sua obrigação.&#8221;</p></blockquote>
<div class="translation">&#8220;in my opinion, Senator Azeredo&#39;s absence was very disrespectful. There are no good reasons for a people&#39;s representative to refrain from showing up to give explanations about his activities. And Senator Azeredo will hardly find another meeting with so many people deeply interested in his parlamentary activities than at Campus Party, to face and hear them should be his duty more than an act of courtesy.&#8221;</div>
<p><img src="http://imaginarios.net/dpadua/wp-content/gallery/cparty09-cibercrimes/_MG_8716.JPG" alt="" width="300" align="top" /><br />
<em>A participant holds his notebook with the slogan &#8220;Did you chicken out, Azeredo?&#8221;, after the confirmation that Eduardo Azeredo wouldn&#39;t attend the debate.</em></p>
<p>At the end of the debate, on being informed that there would be no questions to José Portugal and Fernando Botelho, the audience turned their backs on the speakers and left in protest  while Portugal was still delivering his final speech.</p>
<p><img src="http://imaginarios.net/dpadua/wp-content/gallery/cparty09-cibercrimes/_MG_8821.JPG" alt="" width="450" align="top" /></p>
<p><em>All pictures in this post, except for the first, were taken by </em><em>Daniel Duende, published by </em><em>Daniel Padua and are available <a href="http://imaginarios.net/dpadua/?p=538">here</a> under a Creative Commons licence.</em></p>
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		<title>Brazil: Against Illegal Abortion or Against Women?</title>
		<link>http://globalvoicesonline.org/2008/12/20/brazil-against-illegal-abortion-or-against-women/</link>
		<comments>http://globalvoicesonline.org/2008/12/20/brazil-against-illegal-abortion-or-against-women/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Sat, 20 Dec 2008 20:09:38 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Daniel Duende</dc:creator>
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		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://globalvoicesonline.org/?p=53929</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Abortion is a very complex issue in Brazil, just like almost everywhere else in Latin America, where it is considered a crime. Despite this, over 1,000,000 clandestine abortions take place in Brazil and over 70,000 women die of complications from clandestine abortion attempts every year. Daniel Duende takes a look at the new moves in the clash between pro-life and pro-choice movements.]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Abortion is a very complex issue in Brazil [<a href="../2008/10/02/brazil-abortion-is-a-right-not-a-wrong/">1</a>, <a href="../2007/10/28/brazil-reforming-abortion-laws/">2</a>], just as almost everywhere else in <a href="../2008/08/31/ecuador-abortion-a-controversial-topic-in-new-constitution/">Latin America</a>. It is considered <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abortion_in_Brazil">a crime</a> in the country, not punished only in proven cases of pregnancy caused by sexual abuse or that put the mother&#39;s live at risk. There is an effort by parliamentary representatives to change the law so that abortion can be accepted in <a href="http://www.ufrgs.br/bioetica/abortobr.htm">a broader spectrum of cases</a> [Pt], but it doesn&#39;t seem likely to happen anytime soon due to the political power of the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pro-Life">pro-life</a> groups in Brazil.</p>
<p>Despite the law, it is believed that over 1,000,000 clandestine abortions take place in Brazil, and <a href="http://pfdc.pgr.mpf.gov.br/clipping/maio-2007/aborto-ilegal-mata-70-mil-por-ano/">over 70,000 women die</a> [Pt] of complications from clandestine abortion attempts, each year. In some states, like <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bahia">Bahia</a>, female mortality rates are 5 times higher than the limit accepted by the <a href="http://www.who.int/en/">World Health Organization</a>, most are <a href="http://politicalivre.com.br/?p=7740">deaths caused by complications resulting from illegal abortions</a> [Pt].</p>
<p style="text-align: center;"><a href="http://www.drooker.com/"><img class="aligncenter size-full wp-image-54234" title="crucified_woman_by_eric_drooker" src="http://globalvoicesonline.org/wp-content/uploads/2008/12/crucified_woman_by_eric_drooker.jpg" alt="A Mulher Crucificada, por Eric Drooker. Usada sob permissão.Todos os direitos reservados." width="461" height="465" /><strong><em></em></strong></a><strong><em><a href="http://www.drooker.com/graphics/pages/Crucified-Woman.htm">Crucified Woman</a>, by <a href="http://www.drooker.com/">Eric Drooker</a>. Used <a href="http://www.drooker.com/copyright.html">under permission</a>. All Rights Reserved.</em></strong></p>
<p><strong>Bury the dead. Prosecute the survivors.</strong></p>
<p>Last November, <a href="http://www.estadao.com.br/geral/not_ger279378,0.htm">more than 1,500 women faced charges</a> [Pt] and in the Brazilian city of <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Campo_Grande">Campo Grande</a>, 30 of them were indicted for the crime of abortion on the same day. Ironically, there is a rumor that some of these women will be sentenced to doing community work at childcare institutions. It is either this or going to jail.<em> Elyana</em>, from <a href="http://rosaeradical.blogspot.com/">Rosa e Radical</a> [Pt], vented <a href="http://rosaeradical.blogspot.com/2008/11/1500-mulheres-sero-indiciadas-por.html">her outrage in her blog</a> [Pt]:</p>
<blockquote><p>“Fizeram as contas? Em cerca de 4 horas e meia o juiz condenou 4 mulheres e acusou mais 1.070.<br />
Nunca antes nessa minha vida vi a justiça trabalhar tão rápido.<br />
As acusadas entraram com habeas-corpus, mas todos eles foram negados.”</p></blockquote>
<div class="translation">“Can you do the math? In about 4 hours and a half, 4 women were indicted by a jury and 1,070 more faced charges. Never in my entire life have I seen [Brazilian] justice work so fast.<br />
The accused [women] petitioned for <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Habeas_corpus">habeas-corpus</a>, but all the petitions were denied.”</div>
<p><a href="http://rosaeradical.blogspot.com/2008/12/questo-de-sade-pblica.html">In another post</a>, <em>Elyana</em> quotes an <a href="http://super.abril.com.br/superarquivo/2007/conteudo_508278.shtml">interview</a> [Pt] with <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brazilian_Government">Health Minister</a> José G. Temporão for a popular science magazine about the issue. Temporão says that abortion is a public health issue and points out that opposition to its legalization is connected to gender issues. Below, are some of the words quoted by Elyana:</p>
<blockquote><p>“[…] como as classes de menor renda não têm acesso à informação e aos métodos anticoncepcionais, são as mulheres pobres que realizam aborto em condições inseguras. Para as mulheres ricas, o aborto é uma questão que não se coloca. Elas fazem. Em condições seguras. Pagam R$ 2 000, R$ 5 000. As mulheres pobres não. Existe também uma questão de gênero. Eu pergunto: se os homens engravidassem, será que essa questão já teria sido resolvida? Como é que alguns setores têm coragem de dizer que essa é uma questão que não pode ser discutida? Não vamos discutir que as pessoas estão morrendo? A realidade está batendo na nossa cara.”</p></blockquote>
<div class="translation">“[…] considering the poorer classes have no access to information and contraception methods, it is poor women who abort under unsafe conditions. To rich women, abortion is an unspoken issue. They do it under very safe conditions. [They] pay R$ 2,000 to R$ 5,000 for it (1 Brazil real = 0.41876 U.S. dollars on Dec. 13th). Poor women can&#39;t afford it. And there&#39;s a gender issue too. I ask you: if men could get pregnant, do you think this issue would be still unresolved? How can some sectors [of society] have the guts to say that this is an issue that shouldn&#39;t be discussed? People are dying and we won&#39;t discuss it? Reality is knocking at our door.”</div>
<p style="text-align: center;"><a href="http://www.drooker.com/"><img class="aligncenter size-full wp-image-54235" title="mothers-of-the-world-by-eric-drooker" src="http://globalvoicesonline.org/wp-content/uploads/2008/12/mothers-of-the-world-by-eric-drooker.jpg" alt="Mothers of the World, by Eric Drooker" /></a><br />
<strong><a href="http://www.drooker.com/graphics/thumbnails/Mothers-of-the-World.jpg"> <em>Mothers of the World</em></a><em>, by <a href="http://www.drooker.com/">Eric Drooker</a>. Used <a href="http://www.drooker.com/copyright.html">under permission</a>. All Rights Reserved.</em></strong></p>
<p><strong>An Inquiry into Illegal Women… I mean… into Abortion</strong></p>
<p>The Minister&#39;s point of view, however, doesn&#39;t seem to be shared by many people in the Brazilian Government and blogosphere. On December 8th, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arlindo_Chinaglia">Arlindo Chinaglia</a>, president of the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chamber_of_Deputies_of_Brazil">Chamber of Deputies of Brazil</a>, approved the creation of a <a href="http://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comiss%C3%A3o_Parlamentar_de_Inqu%C3%A9rito">Parliamentary Commission of Inquiry</a> [Pt] on <a href="http://jbonline.terra.com.br/extra/2008/12/11/e111211631.html">Illegal Abortion in Brazil</a>.</p>
<p>The Commission of Inquiry was petitioned by a large group of pro-life deputies lead by Luiz Bassuma, who collected more than 220 signatures of fellow congressmen to support its creation. Bassuma is a member of the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Workers%27_Party_%28Brazil%29">Worker&#39;s Party</a> (PT), the same party of Brazilian President <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luiz_In%C3%A1cio_Lula_da_Silva">Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva</a>, and was elected Federal Deputy by people of the state of Bahia. The Worker&#39;s Party, which decided in its last convention to take a pro-choice stand on abortion, is now <a href="http://henriqueafonso.blogspot.com/2008/11/jornal-o-rio-branco.html">threatening to expel Bassuma</a> due to his condoning the Parliamentary Commission on Illegal Abortion.</p>
<p>Many self proclaimed pro-life bloggers welcomed Chinaglia&#39;s initiative.</p>
<p><em>Jorge Ferraz</em> , from the Christian blog <a href="http://januacoeli.wordpress.com/">Deus Lo Vult</a> [Pt], congratulates Arlindo Chinaglia for the installation of the Commission of Inquiry into Illegal Abortion in <a href="http://januacoeli.wordpress.com/2008/12/10/assuntos-diversos-2/">his newest post</a>:</p>
<blockquote><p>“Já não era sem tempo; <a href="http://diasimdiatambem.wordpress.com/2008/02/21/cpi-do-aborto/">desde fevereiro que se fala nisso</a>. Rezemos para que o crime seja combatido, e o assassinato de crianças inocentes não seja tratado pela sociedade com indiferença e impunidade.”</p></blockquote>
<div class="translation">“It&#39;s high time; from February they had been talking about it. Now we should pray that the crime is dealt with and murdering innocent children is no longer treated by society with indifference and impunity.”</div>
<p><em>Hermes Rodrigues Nery</em>, Executive Officer at the National Movement for Brazil Without Abortion, blogs at <a href="http://diasimdiatambem.wordpress.com/">O Possível e o Extraordinário</a> [Pt] about <a href="http://diasimdiatambem.wordpress.com/2008/12/16/o-aborto-como-estrategia-de-controle-social/">the “perverse international interests in abortion in Latin America”</a> [Pt]:</p>
<blockquote><p>“Há décadas querem impor e generalizar a prática do aborto nos países da América Latina, torná-lo inclusive um direito humano, o direito da mulher torturar e matar um ser humano inocente e indefeso dentro de seu próprio ventre […] A questão do aborto está inserida no contexto do controle demográfico. Os especialistas que fundaram o Conselho Populacional da ONU (em 1952), entre eles, Warren Thompson, já indicavam o aborto como estratégia pragmática para conter e até diminuir as populações pobres do mundo. […] Como vemos, a “conjura contra a vida” é um processo de um poderoso sistema (cultural, político e econômico) que age sem que muitos não se dêem conta de estarem sendo vítimas de alienação e manipulação. Agora, temos a oportunidade – com a CPI do Aborto – recém-criada no Congresso Nacional – de apresentar documentos, relatórios e depoimentos para expor e erradicar essa “chaga social”, com isso, trabalhando na defesa do direito à vida dos milhões de excluídos, barbaramente torturados e assassinados, para atender a lógica perversa dos poderosos, que agem contrariando o princípio universal de que a plenitude da vida é um direito de todos e um bem para todos.”</p></blockquote>
<div class="translation">“For decades there has been an effort to impose and generalize the practice of abortion in Latin American countries, and even to turn it into a human right, the right of women to kill an innocent being inside their own bodies […] The issue of abortion has always been inserted into the context of demographic control. Specialists that founded the ‘UN&#39;s Population Council (in 1952)&#39; [the blogger may be referring to the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Commission_on_Population_and_Development">Commission on Population and Development</a>], among them Warren Thompson, had already indicated abortion a pragmatic strategy to control and even downsize the poor populations of the world. […] As we can see, the ‘conjuncture against life&#39; is a process of a powerful (cultural, political and economical) system that works without many of us being aware that we are victims of alienation and manipulation. Now we have the opportunity  —  with the recently created National Congress Parliamentary Commission of Inquiry on Abortion — to present documents, reports and testimonials to expose and eradicate this &#39;social illness&#39;, and thus, working on the defense of the right to life for millions of individuals who are excluded, barbarically tortured and murdered in compliance with the perverse logic of the powerful ones, who act against the universal principle of plenitude of life as everyone&#39;s right and an asset for all.”</div>
<p>Many bloggers disagree, and think that the Parliamentary Commission of Inquiry on Abortion will only expose and intimidate women, and prey even more on woman&#39;s rights.</p>
<p><em>Alessandra</em> from <a href="http://terribili.blogspot.com/">Blog Terribili</a> [Pt] <a href="http://terribili.blogspot.com/2008/12/essa-hipocrisia-d-hemorragia.html">thinks</a> Bassuma has something against women, and that the Commission of Inquiry is a religious move within the traditionally <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/La%C3%AFcit%C3%A9">secular</a> Brazilian State:</p>
<blockquote><p>““CPI do Aborto” parece brincadeira de mau gosto. Vem do Bassuma, aquele deputado que é contra as mulheres, que parece que elege as mulheres como inimigas número um. Ele quer vê-las na cadeia, como criminosas, por terem cometido o terrível equívoco de tomar para si as rédeas de seu corpo e de sua vida. Ele se esquece de que o Estado é laico, que as pessoas têm direito de ter ou de não ter crenças e de que ele não pode impor sua fé religiosa sobre todos e todas.”</p></blockquote>
<div class="translation">“The CPI on Abortion sounds like a joke in bad taste. It comes from Bassuma, that congressman who is against women, and who seems to choose women as his number one enemy. He wants to see them in jail, like criminals, for the terrible crime of themselves taking the reins to their bodies and lives. He forgets that the State is <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/La%C3%AFcit%C3%A9">secular</a>, and that people have the right to follow, or not, any faith, and that he can&#39;t impose his religious faith over everyone and every woman.”</div>
<p><em>Jandira Queiroz</em>, a blogger and woman&#39;s rights activist who writes on the blog <a href="http://sapatariadf.wordpress.com/">Sapataria-DF</a> [Pt], thinks that the CPI on Illegal Abortion is a way to <a href="http://sapatariadf.wordpress.com/2008/12/12/1200-mulheres-que-estao-processadasviolacao-explicita-aos-direitos-humanos-vamos-a-luta/">persecute women and prey on their rights</a> [Pt]:</p>
<blockquote><p>“Como sabem, no ano de comemoração dos 60 anos da Declaração Universal dos Direitos Humanos e às vésperas da realização da 11ª Conferência de Direitos Humanos, vivemos a intensificação da perseguição e criminalização das mulheres […] Mais do que nunca, precisamos denunciar a violação explícita aos direitos humanos das mulheres […] Os direitos das mulheres são direitos humanos!&#8221;</p></blockquote>
<div class="translation">“As you all know, in the year we celebate the 60th anniversary of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights and on the eve of the 11th Conference on Human Rights, we still live with the intensified pursuit and criminalization of women […] More than ever, we need to denounce the explicit violation of the human rights of women […]. Women&#39;s Rights are Human Rights!”</div>
<p style="text-align: center;"><img class="aligncenter" src="http://farm1.static.flickr.com/23/24771590_9dfed89d71.jpg" alt="" align="top" /></p>
<p style="text-align: center;"><strong><em>&#8220;This Hypocrisy Causes Hemorrhage. Legalize Abortion. Give us rights over our bodies. Global Women&#39;s March&#8221;</em>. <a href="http://www.flickr.com/photos/pont_des_arts/24771590/">Picture of a banner</a> at the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/World_Social_Forum">WSF</a> in Porto Alegre, Brazil, by <a href="http://www.flickr.com/photos/pont_des_arts/">Gabby de Cicco</a>, used under a Creative Commons license.</strong></p>
<p><em>Pedro Cross</em>, on his <a href="http://multi-eu.blogspot.com/">Multi-Eu</a> [Pt] blog, tells us <a href="http://multi-eu.blogspot.com/2008/12/cpi-do-aborto-vai-expor-vida-privada.html">a little bit more</a> about the opposition of many Brazilian congresswomen to the Commission of Inquiry:</p>
<blockquote><p>“A exposição da vida privada das mulheres é o principal argumento que a bancada feminina na Câmara dos Deputados apresenta para se posicionar contrária a instalação da CPI do Aborto. […] A deputadas se queixam de não terem sido ouvidas em um assunto que é de interesse da bancada e vão questionar o Presidente da Casa sobre o fato da CPI do Aborto ter sido instalada antes da CPI do Trabalho Infantil, que estava na frente na lista das comissões a serem instaladas.”</p></blockquote>
<div class="translation">“Exposition of women&#39;s private lives is the main argument presented by the congresswomen in their stand against the installation of the Parliamentary Commission of Inquiry on Abortion. […] The congresswomen complain that they have never been heard on this issue which is of primary interest to them, and will question the President of the Chamber about the fact that the CPI on Illegal Abortion is to be begun before the CPI on Child Labor, which was ahead in the queue of commissions.”</div>
<p><strong>A very complex issue</strong></p>
<p>Some bloggers are very worried about the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pro-choice">pro-choice</a> movement in Brazil, which they see as an anti-life and homicidal crusade against the rights of the unborn children. Not only do they support the CPI on Illegal Abortion, but one of them also points out that our people “might die out just like the Russian population” if the Brazilian Government doesn&#39;t fight illegal abortion in Brazil, or, worse still, if the Government legalize it. <em>Marcelo</em>, from the blog <a href="http://quadroconservador.blogspot.com/">Quadro Conservador</a> [&#8221;Conservative Picture&#8221;, in Portuguese] <a href="http://quadroconservador.blogspot.com/2008/11/conseqncias-do-abortismo-na-rssia.html">says</a>:</p>
<blockquote><p>“A Rússia é o paraíso dos abortistas. Como todo país comunista, o aborto é totalmente liberado e publicamente custeado. Como o ateísmo também foi incentivado durante o século em que era comunista, barreiras morais também não existem por lá. O resultado é este: um país desesperado diante do declínio de sua população. Os russos entrarão em extinção? Como havia dito, uma política cuja conseqüência é o declínio da população humana é má por natureza.”</p></blockquote>
<div class="translation">“Russia is the abortionist paradise. Like all communist countries, abortion is completely liberated and arranged by the State there. As atheism was encouraged during the century of the communist era, they have no moral barriers either. The result is clear: a country desperate in the face of the decline of its population. Will Russians become extinct? As I&#39;ve said, a policy whose consequence is a declining human population is evil by nature.”</div>
<p>Whether the Russian population are actually facing extinction, or if the Russian laws on abortion are the cause of such a decrease in numbers, is <a href="../2008/12/03/russia-a-dying-country-or-a-world-leader/">a matter of debate</a>.</p>
<p><em>Helder Moraes</em>, from <a href="http://blig.ig.com.br/heldermoraes">Doa A Quem Doer</a> [Pt], <a href="http://blig.ig.com.br/heldermoraes/2008/12/15/contra-o-aborto/">states</a> that abortion is a crime usually committed by people &#8220;who lack moral, responsability and control over their sexual desires&#8221;, but supports abortion in cases of sexual violence:</p>
<blockquote><p>”Sou CONTRA o aborto. Só sou a favor de aborto em caso de gravidez de RISCO e em caso de ESTUPRO, pois a mulher não pode ser obrigada a gerar um filho que ela NÃO DESEJOU, ainda mais vindo de um ato HEDIONDO desse. Do contrário, excluindo essas duas possibilidades, o aborto deve ser PROIBIDO SIM !!! Em vez de abortar, tem que se fazer a campanha:  “FECHEM AS PERNAS MULHERES”. O que falta é muita vergonha na cara. Falta MORAl, falta RESPONSABILIDADE, falta EDUCAÇÃO, falta tudo !!! Por isso, fazem filho de penca, a torto e a direito e depois ficam aí… lamentando e procurando clínicas clandestinas de aborto !!!”</p></blockquote>
<div class="translation">“I&#39;m against abortions. I can only acept abortions in the case of LIFE-THREATENING pregnancy or in cases of RAPE, because women can&#39;t be forced to bear a child they DON&#39;T WANT, even more if the child comes from such a HEINOUS act. In all other cases, excluding these two possibilities, abortion SHOULD BE FORBIDDEN!!! Instead of aborting, they should adhere to the “CLOSE YOUR LEGS, WOMEN!” campaign. They&#39;re completely shameless. They lack MORALS, lack RESPONSABILITY, lack EDUCATION, they lack everything!!! That&#39;s why they create so many children and then keep lamenting and looking for clandestine abortion clinics”</div>
<p>Later in the post, Helder tells us what solution he believes would solve the problem:</p>
<blockquote><p>“Sou a favor da esterilização OBRGATÓRIA de pessoas POBRES que tenham de 3 a mais filhos, e a favor de aborto somente em casos de gravidez de risco e de estupro.”</p></blockquote>
<div class="translation">“I&#39;m all in for FORCED sterilization of POOR people who already have 3 or more children, and I agree with abortion only in cases of high-risk pregnancy and rape.”</div>
<p>Many other bloggers and Orkut users agree with Helder&#39;s ideas, either by openly blogging and posting similar comments around the blogosphere, or by simply agreeing with and congratulating those who do so.</p>
<p>On the other hand, women&#39;s rights groups, such as <a href="http://www.frentepelodireitoaoaborto.blogspot.com/">Front for the Right of Abortion</a> [Pt], state that abortion is a feminine right in the context of choices about their own bodies and lives. <em>Márcia Silva</em>, from the <a href="http://marciacsilva.wordpress.com/">Marcia e suas leituras</a> [Pt] blog, <a href="http://marciacsilva.wordpress.com/2008/12/16/contra-a-criminalizacao-do-aborto/">posts the Front&#39;s manifesto</a>, partially quoted below:</p>
<blockquote><p>“A criminalização das mulheres e de todas as lutas libertárias é mais uma expressão do contexto reacionário, criado e sustentado pelo patriarcado capitalista globalizado em associação com setores religiosos fundamentalistas. Querem retirar direitos conquistados e manter o controle sobre as pessoas, especialmente sobre os corpos e a sexualidade das mulheres. […] A maternidade deve ser uma decisão livre e desejada e não uma obrigação das mulheres. Deve ser compreendida como função social e, portanto, o Estado deve prover todas as condições para que as mulheres decidam soberanamente se querem ou não ser mães, e quando querem. Para aquelas que desejam ser mães devem ser asseguradas condições econômicas e sociais, através de políticas públicas universais que garantam assistência à gestação, parto e puerpério, assim como os cuidados necessários ao desenvolvimento pleno de uma criança: creche, escola, lazer, saúde. […] Nenhuma mulher deve ser presa, maltratada ou humilhada por ter feito aborto!<br />
Dignidade, autonomia, cidadania para as mulheres!<br />
Pelo fim da criminalização das mulheres e pela legalização do aborto!</p></blockquote>
<div class="translation">“The criminalization of women and of all the libertarian struggles is another expression of the reactionary context created and supported by the global capitalist patriarchate, associated with fundamentalist religious groups. They want to take away conquered rights and keep their control over individuals, especially over women&#39;s bodies and sexuality. […] Motherhood should be a free and willing choice and not a women&#39;s duty. And it should be seen as a social function and, thus, the State should provide all the conditions for these women to sovereignly decide wheter they want or not to be mothers, and when. To those who want to assume motherhood, all the economical and social conditions should be guaranteed, through universal public policies that garantee assistance during the gestation, birth-giving and puerperal period, and all the care needed for the full development of a child: kindengartens, schools, entertainment, health. […] No woman should be jailed, mistreated or humiliated for aborting!<br />
Dignity, autonomy, citizenship to all women!<br />
[We fight] to end the criminalization of women and for the legalization of abortion!”</div>
<p style="text-align: center;"><img class="aligncenter" src="http://www.forumplp.org.br/images/stories/figuras_site/direitos/aborto-nao-deve-ser-crime.jpg" alt="" align="top" /></p>
<p style="text-align: center;"><strong><em>“Abortion should not be a crime”. Image by the <a href="http://www.frentepelodireitoaoaborto.blogspot.com/">Front for the Right of Abortion</a>.</em></strong></p>
<p>As we have seen above, abortion is a very complex issue in Brazil, mixing religious and secular morals, human rights, political infighting and gender issues. There is not much agreement even among those who fight for the right of choice or for the rights of the unborn. It&#39;s hard not to take sides in the ongoing, daily growing, discussion in Brazil. Outspoken pro-life and pro-choice bloggers and activists exchange bitter words, and some self-proclaimed pro-life activists go as far as to say on pro-life <a href="../2008/05/08/brazil-and-orkut-made-for-each-other/">Orkut</a> communities that every abortionist should die in a terrible way. Contradictory statements apart, we&#39;ll keep listening to the voices that speak about Human — women&#39;s or unborn fetuses&#39;s — Rights in Brazil, and hope for the best.</p>
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		<title>Brazilian myths and haunts in the Lusosphere - Part 3</title>
		<link>http://globalvoicesonline.org/2008/11/01/brazilian-myths-and-haunts-on-the-lusosphere-part-3/</link>
		<comments>http://globalvoicesonline.org/2008/11/01/brazilian-myths-and-haunts-on-the-lusosphere-part-3/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Sat, 01 Nov 2008 02:37:10 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Daniel Duende</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Americas]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Arts & Culture]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Brazil]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Feature]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Indigenous]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Language]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Literature]]></category>
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		<description><![CDATA[To bring this series about Brazilian myths, legends and haunts as seen on the Lusosphere to a great close, we couldn't choose a better entity to speak about than Saci Pererê. After being introduced to mythic beings like Cuca, Boitatá and Curupira in the first article, and reading the intriguing narratives about Cabeça de Cuia and Caboclo D'Água, among others, in the second article of the series, now it's time to delve into the mysteries of the most famous being from Brazilian mythology.]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>To bring this series about Brazilian myths, legends and haunts as seen on the Lusosphere to a great close, we couldn&#39;t choose a better entity to speak about than  <em><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saci_(Brazilian_folklore)">Saci Pererê</a></em>. After being introduced to mythic beings like <em>Cuca</em>,  <em>Boitatá</em> and <em>Curupira</em> in the <a href="http://globalvoicesonline.org/2008/10/15/brazilian-myths-and-haunts-1/">first article</a>, and reading the intriguing narratives about <em>Cabeça de Cuia</em> and <em>Caboclo D&#39;Água</em>, among others, in the <a href="http://globalvoicesonline.org/2008/10/23/brazilian-myths-and-haunts-on-the-lusosphere-part-2/">second article</a> of the series, now it&#39;s time to delve into the mysteries of the most famous being from Brazilian mythology. So important is he, that there&#39;s even a law proclaiming Saci Day on October 31th.</p>
<p><img class="aligncenter" src="http://www.sosaci.org/galeria/vicente.jpg" alt="" /></p>
<p>So, who or what is this Saci Pererê? This ingenious being, a specialist in mischief and trickery - either just for the fun of it or pure evil - has even been able to trick  the Blogosphere. Many are the distinct descriptions and origins attributed to him on the web. But, since we don&#39;t want to contribute to his mischievous plans, we will translate only two of the many descriptions we found.</p>
<p>The <em>IFolclore</em> website provides <a href="http://www.ifolclore.com.br/lendas/gerais/g_saci2.htm">many descriptions</a> [Pt] of Saci Pererê. Of them, this is the most enlightening:</p>
<blockquote><p>&#8220;O Saci é uma entidade muito popular no folclore Brasileiro. No fim do século XVIII já se falava dele entre os negros, mestiços e Tupis-guarani, de onde se origina seu nome. Em muitas regiões do Brasil, o Saci é considerado um ser muito brincalhão, que esconde objetos da casa, assusta animais, assovia no ouvido das pessoas, desarruma cozinhas; enquanto que em outros lugares ele é visto como uma figura maléfica. É um negrinho de uma perna só que fuma um cachimbo e usa na cabeça uma carapuça vermelha que lhe dá poderes mágicos, entre eles, o de aparecer e desaparecer onde desejar. Tem uma mão furada e gosta de jogar objetos pequenos para o alto e deixa-los atravessa-la para pegar com a outra. Ele costuma assustar viajantes ou caçadores solitários que se aventuram por lugares ermos nos sertões ou matas, com um arrepiante assovio no ouvido, para em seguida aparecer numa nuvem de fumaça pedindo fogo para seu cachimbo. Ele gosta de esconder brinquedos de crianças, soltar animais dos currais, derramar sal que encontra nas cozinhas, e em noites de lua, monta um cavalo e sai campo afora em desembalada carreira fazendo grande alvoroço. Diz a crença popular que dentro dos redemoinhos de vento - fenômeno onde uma coluna de vento rodopia levantando areia e restos de vegetação e sai varrendo tudo que encontra a sua frente - existe um Saci.&#8221;</p></blockquote>
<div class="translation">&#8220;Saci is a very popular entity of <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brazilian_folklore">Brazilian folklore</a>. At the end of the eighteenth century, there was already a lot of talk about him among black people, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mesti%C3%A7o">mestizos</a> and  the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tupi_people">Tupi-guarani</a> people, who gave him his original name. In many Brazilian regions,  Saci is considered  a very playful being, who likes hiding household objects, frightening animals, whistling in people&#39;s ears and making a complete mess of kitchens; while in other places he is seen as a plainly malevolent figure. He is a young black  boy with just one leg, who smokes a pipe and wears a red cap which gives him magical powers, like the power to appear and disappear whenever he wants to. He has a hole in the palm of one of his hands, and likes throwing small objects in the air and letting them fall through this hole, just to pick them up with his other hand. He likes frightening travelers and lonely hunters who venture too far away  in the wilderness or in the woods, whistling bone-chillingly in their ears, just to materialize a moment later under a cloud of smoke, asking for fire to light his pipe. He likes hiding children&#39;s toys, setting free the cattle held in the corrals, spilling salt he finds inside  kitchens and, on full-moon nights, he likes riding a horse and crossing fields in a frenzied charge, making a lot of noise. According to popular belief, inside each small whirlwind - the phenomena where the wind whirls around, lifting sand and light vegetation alike and sweeping up everything in it&#39;s path - there is a Saci.</div>
<p><img class="aligncenter" src="http://www.sosaci.org/galeria/Ceu2.jpg" alt="" /></p>
<p>The <a href="http://www.geocities.com/fusaoracial/saci.htm"><em>Enciclopédia Mestiça</em></a> website lists some of the possible origins of Saci, and relates him to some other enchanted beings and myths both in Brazil and  worldwide [Pt]:</p>
<blockquote><p>&#8220;A representação clássica do Saci Pererê é a de um negro pequenino, de uma perna só, com uma toca vermelha na cabeça e um pito na boca. É dado a ele um temperamento irrequieto e está sempre fazendo traquinagens. Não se deve, porém, dizer que seja mau, antes que seja imprevisível e um tanto inconseqüente. Não há consenso sobre sua origem, se indígena ou negra; conforme a região foi sendo representado em diferentes nuances. É visto como um ser mestiço por alguns. Em 1917, Monteiro Lobato organizou uma pesquisa entre leitores do Estadinho, publicação vespertina do O Estado de São Paulo. No ano seguinte publico o livro Inquérito. Para Monteiro Lobato, o saci é fruto de influências indígenas, negras e portuguesas. Seu mito desenvolveu-se mais fortemente nas áreas sertanejas do Sudeste. Ele seria mais encontrado em locais com plantas. Pode ser um versão de Exu, o orixá que como ele possui um caráter de desorganizador-reorganizador e um comportamento imprevisível. Desde as primeiras missões jesuíticas, Exu é associado ao Diabo, da religião cristã. O Saci pode estar também ligado ao mito português do Matintaperera, ou Matintaperê,</p>
<p>[&#8230;]</p>
<p>No Amazonas houve o mito de uma entidade também com o nome de Matintapera, de duas pernas e sem carapuça, cujo poder vem de um colar; corresponderia ao Cambaí, em guarani, e ao Iaci, em tupi. Os negros o teriam associado a Ossaim, filho de Iemanjá e Oxalá, que possui uma única perna e cuida das plantas. Entre os países da bacia do Prata, houve o Iaci Iaterê, um ser de cabelos de fogo. No folclore haitiano há o Quibungo, de origem banto, um menino que sai à noite para perseguir pessoas. Outra personagem africana é o Gunocô, que protege as matas. Na Europa, havia também o mito dos duendes, pequenos seres campestres. Em 2003, foi fundada em São Luiz do Paraitinga, São Paulo, a Sociedade dos Observadores do Saci - Sosaci, que conseguiu aprovar, na capital paulista, o dia 31 de outubro como o dia do Saci.&#8221;</p></blockquote>
<div class="translation">&#8220;The classical representation of Saci Pererê is a little one-legged  black boy with a red cap and a pipe in his mouth. Some people say he has an agitated temper and is always playing some pranks. However, we can&#39;t say he is evil, although he is unpredictable and somewhat reckless. There is no consensus about his origin, whether it&#39;s Indigenous or African;  he has differing nuances depeding on the region we&#39;re in. He&#39;s seen as a mestizo by some. In 1917, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monteiro_Lobato">Monteiro Lobato</a> organized a poll among readers of Estadinho [Little State, literally], the vespertine edition  of the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/O_Estado_de_S%C3%A3o_Paulo">O Estado de São Paulo</a> [The State of São Paulo, an important Brazilian daily newspaper]. In the following year he published the results in a book named Inquérito [&#8221;Inquiry&#8221;]. To Monteiro Lobato,  Saci is the result of Indigenous, African and Portuguese influences. This myth developed in a stronger way in the rural areas of Southeastern Brazil. He is more often found in places with many plants. [Saci] can be a version of <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eshu">Eshu</a>, an <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orisha">Orisha</a> that, like him, has a &#8216;dis-organizing/re-organizing&#39; character and unpredictable behavior. Since the first <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Society_of_Jesus">Jesuit mission</a>, Eshu has been associated with the Christian Devil. Saci can be connected with the Portuguese myth of the Matintaperera, or Matintaperê.</p>
<p>[&#8230;]</p>
<p>In the Amazon, there is a myth about some entity  called Matintapera too, who has two legs but no cap, and derives his powers from a necklace; he is connected to  Cambaí, in the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guaran%C3%AD_language">Guarani language</a>, and Iací, in the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tupi_language">Tupi language</a>. African-Brazilians would have associated him with <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ozain">Ossaim</a>, the son of <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iemanj%C3%A1">Iemanjá</a> and <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oxal%C3%A1">Oxalá</a>, who has only one leg and looks after plants. In the Prata basin&#39;s countries, there was the Iaci Iaterê, a being with flaming hair. In the Haitian folklore there is the Quibungo, from <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bantu_people">Bantu</a> origins, who is a boy that goes out at night to chase people. Another character with African origins is the Gunocô, who protects the woods. In Europe, there was the myth of the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fairies">Fairies</a>, small woodland beings. In 2003, the Saci Watchers Society (Socaci) was founded in São Luiz do Paraitinga, in [the State of] São Paulo - it has managed to approve, in the São Paulo capital, the 31st day of October as Saci Day.&#8221;</p>
</div>
<p>And speaking about the <a href="http://sosaci.org/">Saci Watchers Society</a> [Pt], the group&#39;s website aggregates <a href="http://sosaci.org/historias.html">many interesting articles</a> [Pt] that are a great source of information for those who want to know more about  Saci.</p>
<p><img class="aligncenter" src="http://www.sosaci.org/galeria/eder.jpg" alt="" /></p>
<p>One of the most frequently asked questions about  Saci is why he has just one leg. Among the many answers we&#39;ve found on the web, the one brought to us by <em><a href="http://casossobrenaturais.blogspot.com/2007/05/dando-seqncia-sesso-folclore-do-blag.html">Uncle Cráudio</a></em> from the legendary Casos Sobrenaturais blog is the most straightforward and enlightening [Pt]:</p>
<blockquote><p>&#8220;[&#8230;] Com a chegada dos escravos negros trazidos pelos invasores portugueses, a lenda do saci miscigenou com o choque cultural. Passou a ser negro e perdeu uma perna.</p>
<p>[&#8230;]</p>
<p>Essa mudança não foi por acaso e tem um sentido mórbido. Era comum os escravos fugidos serem recapturados e torturados. Alguns chegavam a ser multilados.</p>
<p>Uma das formas de vingança que os negros escravos usavam era a psicológica. As escravas usadas como babás , para sacanear com os portugueses, costumavam contar histórias e cantigas de ninar cujo tema tinha como objetivo abaixar a estima e criar o medo nas crianças .</p>
<p>Na lenda do Saci especificamente, o mesmo se tornava o vingador dos escravos, fazendo tudo o que eles queriam mas não podiam fazer.&#8221;</p></blockquote>
<div class="translation">&#8220;[&#8230;] With the arrival of the African slaves brought by the Portuguese invaders, the  Saci legend was miscegenated through cultural shock. He then became black and lost one leg.</p>
<p>[&#8230;]</p>
<p>This change wasn&#39;t brought about by sheer chance, and has a morbid meaning. It was common that run away slaves were re-captured and tortured. Some of them were mutilated.</p>
<p>One of the forms of vengeance used by the slaves was psychological. The slave ladies who were used as nannies,  used to tell stories and sing lullabies that aimed to frighten and lower the self-esteem of their master&#39;s children, in order to pull a mean prank on the Portuguese.</p>
<p>And specifically in the  Saci legend, he usually became the  slaves&#39; avenger, doing everything they wanted to but couldn&#39;t do.</p>
</div>
<p><img class="aligncenter" src="http://www.sosaci.org/galeria/Voltolino2.jpg" alt="" /></p>
<p>Either as a guardian of the jungle or as a kind of demon, or only as a playful child entity, it&#39;s very important to know how to deal with Saci. Some say that you must be very careful about his pranks, and avoid walking around  places he usually haunts. Others say that the best way to deal with him is by capturing him before he causes you any harm. To those with such inclination, <em>Uncle Cráudio</em>, a great student of the arcane knowledge, offers a recipe for  imprisoning a Saci [Pt]:</p>
<blockquote><p>&#8220;[&#8230;] O fato de ter uma perna só não é problema por que ele se movimenta através de redemoinhos de vento.</p>
<p>Boa parte de seus poderes estão no contato com o famoso gorro vermelho (herança da cultura européia). Com ele o Saci pode ficar invisível e se locomover.</p>
<p>[&#8230;]</p>
<p>Você precisa estar armado com uma peneira, uma garrafa, uma rolha, um rosário e cinquenta reais.</p>
<p>Assim que vir o redemoinho, jogue rapidamente a peneira em cima. Isso por si só já imobiliza o bicho.</p>
<p>Agora é fácil. Pegue o rosário e envolva a peneira. Com isso você vai poder abrir sem que ele fuja. ( A visão católica era que o Saci é um demônio. Assim ele deve temer os símbolos cristãos)</p>
<p>Próximo passo. Coloque a garrafa no centro. O bicho vai estar tão doido por causa do rosário que vai tentar se esconder lá dentro. Espere uns cinco minutos. Acho que é tempo suficiente.</p>
<p>Em seguida tampe a garrafa com a rolha e pronto!!!&#8221;</p></blockquote>
<div class="translation">&#8220;[&#8230;] The fact that he has just one leg is no problem to him as he moves through wirlwinds.</p>
<p>Most of his powers come from  contact with the red cap (originating from European culture). By wearing it, Saci can become invisible and move around.</p>
<p>[&#8230;]</p>
<p>You have to arm yourself with a sieve, a bottle, a cork, a rosary and fifty reais [Brazilian currency][&#8230;]</p>
<p>As soon as you see the whirlwind, immediately throw the sieve over it. This way, you&#39;ll immobilize the creature.</p>
<p>Now comes the easy part. Put the rosary around the edge of the sieve. This way you&#39;ll be able to keep Saci from escaping when you take away the sieve. (The Catholic point of view states that Saci is a demon, so he&#39;s likely to fear Christian symbols).</p>
<p>In the next step, put the bottle at the center [of the circle formed by the rosary]. The critter will be so confused by the rosary that he will try to hide inside the bottle. Wait for five minutes or so. It will be enough time.</p>
<p>Then, you just have to cork the bottle and, voilá!!!&#8221;</p>
</div>
<p>Saci Pererê is a very clever creature. He&#39;s almost managed to become the symbol of the Brazilian Soccer Team, as reported by <em>Paulo Bicarato</em> in <a href="http://www.alfarrabio.org/index.php?itemid=2844">his blog <em>Alfarrábio</em></a> [Pt]. Paulo tells us that some people didn&#39;t like this idea at all. But it comes as no surprise that a mysterious and playful being like Saci would find some resistance to his plans for worldwide popularity.</p>
<p><img class="aligncenter" src="http://www.sosaci.org/galeria/Ohi2.jpg" alt="" /></p>
<p>Even though  Saci Pererê is one of the most famous and important myths in Brazil, he is, at the same time, a very mysterious and mischievous being. There is more misinformation than knowledge about him - just the way he likes it. The Saci Watchers Society asks its members and readers to send reports of their encounters with Saci, or any information they come across about these beings, in an attempt to see through the pranks pulled by this myth. As always, we&#39;ll keep watching the myths on the Blogosphere, and report about any further discoveries they make.</p>
<p><strong>More legends and haunts:</strong></p>
<p>This post is part of a Global Voices series about ghosts, ghouls, myths and legends to coincide with Halloween, All Saints Day, and other spooky holidays in this season. Check out our <a href="http://globalvoicesonline.org/specialcoverage/ghosts-gouls-myths-and-legends/">special coverage page</a>.</p>
<p><em>All the images used in this article <a href="http://www.sosaci.org/galeria/galeria.htm">are available</a> at <a href="http://www.sosaci.org/">Sosaci&#39;s webpage</a>, used under the gentle permission of the Saci.</em></p>
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		<title>Brazil: Grandma Aggie, Thirteen Indigenous Grandmothers and the Pope</title>
		<link>http://globalvoicesonline.org/2008/10/28/brazil-grandma-aggie-thirteen-indigenous-grandmothers-and-the-pope/</link>
		<comments>http://globalvoicesonline.org/2008/10/28/brazil-grandma-aggie-thirteen-indigenous-grandmothers-and-the-pope/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Tue, 28 Oct 2008 00:54:51 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Daniel Duende</dc:creator>
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		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://globalvoicesonline.org/?p=51932</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Lou Gold, a North-American blogger and nature-person turned &#8220;brasileiro&#39;, blogs about [En] Grandma Aggie and the International Council of Thirteen Indigenous Grandmothers, re-telling some of the adventures of these courageous indigenous ladies and their recent efforts to get the Pope to rescind the Papal Bulls that created the &#8220;right&#8221; to take native lands.
]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><em>Lou Gold</em>, a North-American blogger and nature-person turned &#8220;brasileiro&#39;, <a href="http://lougold.blogspot.com/2008/10/grandma-aggie-agness-baker-pilgrim-at.html">blogs about</a> [En] Grandma Aggie and the <a href="http://www.grandmotherscouncil.com/">International Council of Thirteen Indigenous Grandmothers</a>, re-telling some of the adventures of these courageous indigenous ladies and their recent efforts to get the Pope to rescind the Papal Bulls that created the &#8220;right&#8221; to take native lands.</p>
]]></content:encoded>
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		<title>Brazilian myths and haunts on the Lusosphere - Part 2</title>
		<link>http://globalvoicesonline.org/2008/10/23/brazilian-myths-and-haunts-on-the-lusosphere-part-2/</link>
		<comments>http://globalvoicesonline.org/2008/10/23/brazilian-myths-and-haunts-on-the-lusosphere-part-2/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Thu, 23 Oct 2008 19:52:23 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Daniel Duende</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Americas]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Arts & Culture]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Brazil]]></category>
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		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://globalvoicesonline.org/?p=51666</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[On the first article of this series, we searched Brazilian websites that could tell us some stories about the haunts and the mythical beings of Brazilian folklore. Now, in the second article, we will sit and listen to the tales of myth, legend and fear told by Brazilian bloggers; tales about Cabeça de Cuia and Caboclo D'Água, and about the beautiful and sad tale of the Vitória Régia, and give more details about the mysterious Loira do Banheiro and her terrible death.]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>On <a href="http://globalvoicesonline.org/2008/10/15/brazilian-myths-and-haunts-1/">the first article of this series</a>, we searched Brazilian websites that could tell us some stories about the haunts and the mythical beings of Brazilian folklore. Now, in the second article, we will sit and listen to the tales of myth, legend and fear told by Brazilian bloggers; tales about <em>Cabeça de Cuia</em> and <em>Caboclo D&#39;Água</em>, and about the beautiful and sad tale of the <em>Vitória Régia</em>, and give more details about the mysterious <em>Loira do Banheiro</em> and her terrible death. And in the end, a somewhat mythical blogger-being will tell us about the <em>Boto</em>, that becomes a man and leaves the river to seduce young women and leaves them to carry and raise his offspring.</p>
<p style="text-align: center;"><img class="aligncenter" src="http://farm1.static.flickr.com/169/412494726_5b20b385aa.jpg" alt="Alma Vagando, by DPadua" /><br />
<em><a href="http://www.flickr.com/photos/imaginarios/412494726/in/photostream/">Alma Vagando</a> (Wandering Soul), by <a href="http://www.flickr.com/photos/imaginarios/">DPadua</a> on Flickr. Used under <a href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/2.0/deed.en">a Creative Commons license</a>.</em></p>
<p>As we promised in the first article of the series, we will delve deeper into the macabre story of the mysterious <em>Loira do Banheiro</em>. And no the less than Claudio, known also as <em>Uncle Craudio</em>, the keeper of the <a href="http://casossobrenaturais.blogspot.com/">Casos Sobrenaturais</a> (&#8221;Supernatural Cases&#8221;) blog [Pt], will tell us the details of <a href="http://casossobrenaturais.blogspot.com/2005/12/figurinhas-conhecidas-loira-do.html">the terrible death that turned a vain young girl into a vile ghost</a>:</p>
<blockquote><p>&#8220;Conta-se que , havia uma garota loira (para variar) muito vaidosa que sempre filava aula para ficar no banheiro da escola se admirando no espelho.Ela era sempre protegida pelo zelador ,que encobria suas fugas.Este,mantinha um desejo platônico pela garota que aumentava exponencialmente durante o passar dos anos.<br />
Um belo dia o zelador resolveu esperar a loira na saida do banheiro e declarou os seus sentimentos.Ela, sem pestanejar, caiu na gargalhada e mostrou todo seu desprezo pelo rapaz de forma humilhante.Ele, tomado por um misto de ódio e decepção, a arremessou dentro do banheiro e a espancou violentamente, abafando seus gritos com as mãos.<br />
Após o ato inconsequente , o zelador fugiu do colégio e nunca mais voltou.Dizem que ela ,antes de morrer, conseguiu se levantar e ver seu rosto deformado pelos edemas e cortes no espelho,soltando um grito de pavor que fez todo o colégio se arrepiar.<br />
Varias pessoas se dirigiram ao banheiro em busca do que havia acontecido mas nada encontraram.Não havia ninguém alí.<br />
Como a garota sumiu, a polícia associou o desaparecimento com a fuga do zelador e o prendeu.Ele acabou confessando a agressão mas não soube dizer onde o corpo estava.&#8221;</p></blockquote>
<div class="translation">&#8220;They say that there was a very vain blond girl who was always playing truant hiding inside the school toilet, spending all her time admiring herself in the mirror. She was always helped by the school janitor, who covered her escapes. But he kept to himself a silent desire for the girl that only grew exponentially as the years passed.<br />
One day, this janitor made up his mind and waited for the young blond to leave the toilet and declared all he felt for her. She, without a blink, laughed out loud and showed complete her disdain for the young man, humiliating him. He, then, feeling a deep loss and taken by furious rage, pushed her back into the toilet and beat her violently, muffling her screams with his hands.<br />
After the reckless act, the janitor ran away from the school and never came back. Some say that the girl, before dying, could stand up for a moment and see her own face, deformed by bruises and cuts, in the mirror and let out a scream of panic that sent a shiver down the spine of everyone in the school.<br />
Many students ran to the toilet, to discover what had happened, but found nothing. There was no one there.<br />
After the disappearance of the girl, the police associated her vanishing with the janitor&#39;s escape, and arrested him. He ended up confessing the aggression, but was never able to explain where the body was.&#8221;</div>
<p><em>Uncle Craudio</em> swears the story is as true as the legendary carrot cakes prepared by his mythical mother. But, as we said before, everything about the <em>Loira do Banheiro</em> is deeply mysterious.</p>
<p>On <a href="http://lord85.multiply.com/">Ulysse&#39;s Site</a> [Pt], Multiply user <em>lord85</em> <a href="http://lord85.multiply.com/journal/item/101/MITOS_E_LENDAS_DO_FOLCLORE_BRASILEIRO.">tells us</a> about many Brazilian myths and popular legends. Among others, he brings us the story of <em>Cabeça de Cuia</em> (Bowl Head) and the legend of <em>Caboclo D&#39;Água</em> (Water Caboclo), and recounts the beautiful and tragic indigenous legend of <em>Vitória Régia</em> (the Brazilian <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Victoria_(waterlily)">waterlilies</a>):</p>
<blockquote><p><strong>Cabeça de Cuia</strong></p>
<p><img class="alignright" src="http://www.regipara.com/reduz.asp?path=E:%5Cvhosts%5Cregipara.com%5Chttpdocs%5Cgeral%5Cimg%5Ccuia.jpg&amp;Width=150" alt="Cabeca de Cuia" />Durante as cheias, sempre à noite e mais freqüentemente às sextas-feiras, costuma aparecer nas águas dos rios Poti e Parnaíba, um monstro. Trata-se de um sujeito alto, magro, com longos cabelos caídos pela testa e cheios de lodo, a que chamam cabeça de cuia.</p>
<p>Dizem que, há muitos anos, em uma pequena aldeia do vilarejo denominado Poti Velho vivia uma pequena família, cujo arrimo era um jovem pescador, a que alguns dão o nome de Crispim. Certo dia, o rapaz retornou da pesca muito aborrecido. À hora da refeição, composta de carne de vaca, pegou um enorme pedaço de osso e, a fim de tirar o tutano, bateu com ele na cabeça da velha mãe. A pobre senhora, indignada e enfurecida, rogou-lhe uma praga, amaldiçoando-o. O filho, com o coração tomado de remorso, pôs-se a correr como um louco e atirou-se às águas do rio Poti, desaparecendo.</p>
<p>Desde esse dia, o cabeça de cuia nada errante pelas águas dos dois rios, surgindo ora aqui, ora ali, na época das enchentes e nas noites de sexta-feira. Aparece de repente e agarra banhistas desavisados, principalmente crianças, arrastando-os para o fundo das águas. De sete em sete anos, devora uma moça chamada Maria. Após apoderar-se de sete Marias, seu encanto estará quebrado e ele retornará ao seu estado natural. Contam que sua mãe permanecerá viva até que o filho esteja livre de sua sina.</p>
<p>É o principal mito do estado do Piauí. A Prefeitura de Teresina instituiu, em 2003, o Dia do Cabeça de Cuia, a ser comemorado na última sexta-feira do mês de abril</p></blockquote>
<div class="translation">&#8220;<strong>Cabeça de Cuia</strong><br />
During the flood season, always at night and more frequently on Fridays, a monster usually appears on the banks of the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Poti_River">Poti</a> and <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parna%C3%ADba_River">Parnaíba</a> rivers. Its a tall, very thin, man, with long hair cascading over his forehead and caked with mud, whose name is <em>Cabeça de Cuia</em>.<br />
It is said that, many years ago, in a small fishing hamlet named Poti Velho, there was a small family that lived off the work of a young fisherman, who some say was called Crispim. One day, the young man came back from fishing in a very dark mood. At meal time, while they were eating beef, he took a large bone and wanted to eat its marrow, so he hit it against his old mother&#39;s head. The poor old lady, shocked and enraged, threw a hex over him, cursing him. The son, his heart taken by anguish, ran away like a madman and jumped into the Poti river, disappearing.<br />
Since that day, cabeça de cuia swims aimlessly in the two rivers, showing up here and there, in the flood season and on Friday nights. He appears all of a sudden, grabs an unsuspecting swimmer, usualy a child, and takes them to the bottom of the waters. Once every seven years, he devours a girl named Maria. As soon as he eats seven Marias, the enchantment will be broken and he will return to his natural state. Some say that his mother will live up to the day her son is freed from his fate.<br />
This is the main myth from the Brazilian northern State of <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Piau%C3%AD">Piauí</a>. The prefecture of the capital <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Teresina">Teresina</a> proclaimed, in the year of 2003, that<em> a Cabeça de Cuia</em> day would be observed every last Friday of April.&#8221;</div>
<p style="text-align: center;"><img class="aligncenter" src="http://www.regipara.com/reduz.asp?path=E:%5Cvhosts%5Cregipara.com%5Chttpdocs%5Cgeral%5Cimg%5Ccaboclo.jpg&amp;Width=250" alt="Caboclo Dágua" /><br />
<em>Caboclo D&#39;Água, as <a href="http://lord85.multiply.com/journal/item/101/MITOS_E_LENDAS_DO_FOLCLORE_BRASILEIRO.">depicted on Ulysse&#39;s Site</a>.</em></p>
<blockquote><p><strong>Caboclo D&#39;Água</strong></p>
<p>O caboclo-dágua, também chamado negro-dágua e bicho-dágua, é um dos mitos aquáticos mais populares na região do vale do rio São Francisco. Ninguém sabe de onde surgiu. Vive nas barrancas e alagadiços. Segundo as descrições mais comuns, é baixo, troncudo, musculoso, muito forte, tem a pele cor de bronze e um só olho no meio da testa. Apesar de seu tipo físico, movimenta-se de forma muito rápida e ágil. Às vezes sai do rio e caminha pela terra, geralmente para praticar alguma vingança ou fazer algum favor, mas nunca se afasta muito das margens. Para muitos, é um só e possui poderes para estar em vários lugares ao mesmo tempo.</p>
<p>Dizem que possui o temperamento enfezado e não nutre grandes simpatias para com os pescadores e remeiros. Agarra o fundo das canoas e barcos, balançando-os até os virar ou encalhando-os. Seu corpo é à prova de balas. Para evitar encontrá-lo, deve-se fincar uma faca no fundo da embarcação. Porém, se for bem tratado, o caboclo torna-se benfazejo, ajudando nas pescarias e evitando enchentes. Para agradá-lo, basta oferecer-lhe fumo.</p></blockquote>
<div class="translation">&#8220;<strong>Caboclo D&#39;Água</strong><br />
<em>Caboclo-d&#39;água</em> [water <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caboclo">caboclo</a>], also known as <em>negro-d&#39;água</em> and <em>bicho-d&#39;água</em> [water-negro or water-creature], is one of the most popular aquatic myths in the region of the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%A3o_Francisco_River">São Francisco</a> valley, in Brazil. Nobody knows where he comes from. He lives on the banks and flood lands. According to the most common descriptions, he is short, barrel chested, with big muscles, very strong, has bronze colored skin and a single eye on his forehead. Despite his physical build, his movements are very quick and agile. Sometimes he comes out of the river and walks on dry land, usually to exact some vengeance or perform some favors, but he never goes very far from the water. To many, he is just one entity but has the power to be in many places at the same time.<br />
They say he has a very short temper and has not much sympathy for fishers and rowers. He usually grabs the bottom of boats and shakes them until they capsize or get stranded at the water&#39;s margins. His body is bulletproof. To keep him at bay, one has to drive a knife through the bottom of the boat. But, if he is treated well, the caboclo may become helpful, helping  with fishing and avoiding floods. To appease him, just offer him some tobacco.&#8221;</div>
<blockquote><p><strong>Vitória Régia</strong></p>
<p><img class="alignright" src="http://farm2.static.flickr.com/1054/1415028507_3b206a812d_m.jpg" alt="Flor da Vitória Régia" /> Numa Tribo de índios que vivia às margens do Grande Rio. Nos igarapés silenciosos as jovens índias cantavam e sonhavam.As índias ficavam por muitas horas olhando a Lua ( Jaci como a chamavam a Deusa), a beleza das estrelas. Um dia, Neca-Neca, uma bela jovem índia , subiu numa árvore mais alta para ver se tocava na lua. Não conseguiu. Impacientes as índias, noutro dia, foram as montanhas distantes para tocarem com as mãos a lua e as estrelas. Nada, quando lá chegaram a lua estava tão distante que voltaram tristonhas para suas malocas, e na rede todas ficaram deitadas muito tristes. Ficaram tristes, porque, caso tocassem a lua ou as estrelas, tornar-se iam uma delas com toda a sua beleza.<br />
Numa outra noite, Neca-neca, deixou sua rede, muito tristonha, desiludida porque não conseguira tocar a lua. Era uma noite de lua cheia. Lá estava a lua grande bela, refletida nas águas. Ela então resolveu pedir a Lua para Tocá-la,e resolveu atirar-se no Rio para tentar tocá-la (o Reflexo da Lua no Rio) e desapareceu. A lua (Iaci) ficou com muita pena e resolveu imortalizá-la na terra pois era impossível para ela levá-la para seu reino espiritual e transformá-la numa estrela ,então transformou-a numa flor, a vitória-régia.</p></blockquote>
<div class="translation">&#8220;Vitória Régia<br />
In a tribe of indians who lived on the banks of the Great River; in the silent igarapés, the young indigenous girls sang and dreamed. They spent hours staring at the Moon (Jaci, as they called the Goddess) and the beauty of the stars. One day, Neca-Neca, a beautiful young indigenous girl, climbed up the top of the tallest tree and tried to reach and touch the moon. She couldn&#39;t. Impatient, on the next day the other indigenous girls went to the distant mountains to try to touch the Moon and the Stars with their hands. But they couldn&#39;t. When they reached the distant mountains, the moon was so far away that they came back to their malocas with long faces and lied in their sleeping nets in deep sadness. They felt so sad because if they could touch the moon or the stars they would themselves become a star and have their beauty.<br />
Thus on the next night, Neca-Neca left her sleeping net, feeling very sad, disillusioned because she was not able to touch the moon. It was a night with a full moon. And there She was, large and beautiful, reflected in the waters. She then decided to ask the Moon if she could touch Her, and jumped into the River to try to touch the reflection of the Moon in the River), and disappeared. The Moon (Iaci) felt really sorry for her, and decided to immortalize Neca-Neca on earth, as She couldn&#39;t take her to the spirit realm and turn her into a Star she turned her into a flower instead&#8211; the <em>Vitória-Régia</em> (a kind of water lily).&#8221;</div>
<p>The <a href="http://www.flickr.com/photos/celsoabreu/1415028507/">Victora Waterlilly picture</a> used in the above quotation was taken by <a href="http://www.flickr.com/photos/celsoabreu/"><em>CelsoAbreu</em></a> and is published under <a href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0/deed.en">a Creative Commons license</a>.</p>
<p>In her blog <em><a href="http://thelisbongiraffe.typepad.com/diario_de_lisboa/">Diário de Lisboa</a></em> [Lisboa Diary, in Portuguese], a Luso-Brazilian blogger who calls herself only a &#8220;Word-Warrior Atlantic <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nereid">Nereid</a>&#8220;, tells us <a href="http://thelisbongiraffe.typepad.com/diario_de_lisboa/2006/10/mitos_e_lendas__1.html">the story of the Boto</a> [Pt], the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boto">aquatic animal</a> that turns into a man to seduce the young women who live at the riverside:</p>
<blockquote><p><strong>O Boto</strong></p>
<p>Personagem de grande importância na mitologia amazônica, principalmente no Pará. Segundo a lenda, o Boto Rosa deixa as águas do Rio Amazonas e transforma-se em um rapaz cuja beleza, fala meiga e sedutora, magnetismo do olhar atraem irresistivelmente todas as mulheres.</p>
<p>Contam que em noites de festa, ele se transforma em um rapaz alto, claro, forte,bonito e sempre se apresenta muito bem vestido, sempre de branco, sem nunca remover o chapéu que usa para ocultar o orifício para respiração no alto da cabeça. O boto bebe, dança, seduz as moças interioranas que comparecem as festas de beira de rio. Antes da alvorada, pula na água e volta à sua condição primitiva. Porém acabando o encanto, na hora que tem de transformar-se em boto, seus acessórios voltam a ser habitantes das águas: a espada é um poraquê, o chapéu é uma arraia e assim por diante.</p>
<p>A lenda serve de aviso às moças para tomarem cuidado com flertes que recebiam de belos rapazes em bailes ou festas. Por detrás deles poderia estar a figura do Boto, um conquistador de corações, que pode engravidá-las e abandoná-las.</p></blockquote>
<div class="translation"><strong>Boto</strong><br />
He&#39;s a very important character in Amazonian mythology, mainly in [the State of] <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Par%C3%A1">Pará</a>. According to the legend, the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boto">Boto Rosa</a> [Pink River Dolphin] leaves the waters of the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amazon_River">Amazon River</a> and turns into a young man whose beauty, sweet and seductive voice and magnetic eyes attract irresistibly all women.<br />
It is said that on festive nights, he turns into a tall, fair and beautiful young man, always well dressed, always wearing white, and never takes his hat off, as he uses it to hide the breathing hole at the top of his head. <em>Boto</em> drinks and dances and seduces the naive girls who attend these riverside parties. Before dawn, he jumps back into the water and returns to his primitive condition. When the enchantment is over, in the moment he turns back into a dolphin, his accessories become water inhabitants again: the sword is a <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electric_eel">poraquê</a>, the hat is a <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Batoidea">ray</a>, and so on. This legend serves as a caution to the girls, to be careful about the flirtations from the handsome men at balls and parties. Behind them, there could be the figure of the <em>Boto</em>, the conqueror of hearts, who could make them pregnant and leave them behind.&#8221;</div>
<p>These are just some few, very few, of the stories and legends that are told and re-told inside and outside the Portuguese speaking blogosphere. In the third and last article of this series, we will focus on the search for the Saci Pererê &#8212; maybe the most famous and mysterious being in the whole of Brazilian mythology. We will follow his winding tracks, blog after blog, and discover who is he, where to find him and, if we are lucky enough, find out how to be safe from his pranks. Stay tuned.</p>
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		<title>Brazil: A Musical Doctrine</title>
		<link>http://globalvoicesonline.org/2008/10/23/brazil-a-musical-doctrine/</link>
		<comments>http://globalvoicesonline.org/2008/10/23/brazil-a-musical-doctrine/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Thu, 23 Oct 2008 03:19:22 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Daniel Duende</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Americas]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Arts & Culture]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Brazil]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[English]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Music]]></category>
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		<category><![CDATA[Video]]></category>

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		<description><![CDATA[Lou Gold, from VisionShare, blogs (in English and Portuguese) and posts some videos about the musical doctrine of Santo Daime and his personal happiness about the recent visit of an important Daime family and its musical entourage to Brasilia, Brazil.
]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><em>Lou Gold</em>, from <em>VisionShare</em>, blogs (in <a href="http://lougold.blogspot.com/2008/10/sharing-musical-doctrine-special-gift.html" target="_blank">English</a> and <a href="http://visionshare-pt.blogspot.com/2008/10/partilhando-doutrina-musical-um.html" target="_blank">Portuguese</a>) and posts some videos about the musical doctrine of <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Santo_Daime" target="_blank">Santo Daime</a> and his personal happiness about the recent visit of an important Daime family and its musical entourage to <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bras%C3%ADlia">Brasilia</a>, Brazil.</p>
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		<title>Brazilian myths and haunts on the Lusosphere - Part 1</title>
		<link>http://globalvoicesonline.org/2008/10/15/brazilian-myths-and-haunts-1/</link>
		<comments>http://globalvoicesonline.org/2008/10/15/brazilian-myths-and-haunts-1/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Wed, 15 Oct 2008 19:28:12 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Daniel Duende</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Americas]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Arts & Culture]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Brazil]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[General]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Indigenous]]></category>
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		<category><![CDATA[Literature]]></category>
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		<description><![CDATA[The first of three articles that will take us around the virtual campfire to hear stories about ghosts and enchantment from Brazilian folklore: Cuca, Negrinho do Pastoreio, Boitatá and Curupira, are just some of the beings that inhabit the nights, dreams, and nightmares of Brazil. We also find a group of artists who are telling anew a long told Brazilian popular story.]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Now you&#39;ve already met and been frightened by some of the Latin-American frights, legends and popular myths selected by <a href="http://globalvoicesonline.org/author/juliana-rincon-parra/">Juliana Rincón</a> in her two articles (<a href="http://globalvoicesonline.org/2008/10/06/latin-america-lore-ghosts-demons-and-frights/">here</a> and <a href="http://globalvoicesonline.org/2008/10/11/latin-america-more-lore-ghosts-demons-and-frights/">here</a>) about this subject for Global Voices, it&#39;s time to plunge headfirst into the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brazilian_mythology">imaginary </a><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brazilian_mythology">popular </a><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brazilian_mythology">universe of Brazil</a>.</p>
<p>In this first of three articles that will take us around the virtual campfire to hear stories about ghosts and enchantment from the Brazilian imagination as told on the Lusosphere, focusing on the tales told by Brazilian culture and folklore sites.</p>
<p><img class="aligncenter" src="http://farm3.static.flickr.com/2282/2507381118_7ba23701ac.jpg?v=0" alt="" /></p>
<p style="text-align: center;"><em><a href="http://www.flickr.com/photos/iurifernandes/2507381118/">Sombra Nocturna</a>, by <a href="http://www.flickr.com/photos/iurifernandes/">O Pirata</a> on Flickr. Published under a <a href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0/deed.en">Creative Commons BY 2.0 Licence</a></em></p>
<p>One of the best legend and folklore websites in Brazil is the <a href="http://www.jangadabrasil.com.br/">Jangada Brasil</a> [Pt], a respected online magazine about Brazilian popular culture. This site has <a href="http://www.jangadabrasil.com.br/revista/galeria/index.asp">a small but wonderful library</a> [Pt] of myths and legends, a sure stop for any Lusophone internet citizen who wants to read about Brazilian myths and legends. And it is in Jangada Brasil that we will begin this night&#39;s storytelling with stories which will tell us about the <em><a href="http://www.jangadabrasil.com.br/revista/galeria/ca83010f.asp">Negrinho do Pastoreio</a></em> [Pt], the terrible <em><a href="http://www.jangadabrasil.com.br/revista/galeria/ca70009f.asp">Cuca</a></em> [Pt] and the more urban fright of the <em><a href="http://www.jangadabrasil.com.br/revista/galeria/ca79006f.asp">Loira do Banheiro</a></em> [Pt]:</p>
<blockquote><p>Negrinho do Pastoreio</p>
<p>Escravo, órfão, o menino pertencia a um fazendeiro rico, cruel e arrogante. Maltratado por todos, principalmente pelos filhos do senhor, sofreu inúmeros castigos e barbaridades. Ao perder a tropilha de cavalos de seu amo, foi surrado sem piedade. Seu corpo moribundo foi, então, jogado à boca de um enorme formigueiro, para que as formigas o devorassem. No dia seguinte, o fazendeiro, atormentado, correu ao local e não mais encontrou o supliciado. Em vez disso, viu Nossa Senhora e o Negrinho, seu afilhado, são e feliz, montado em um cavalo baio, pastoreando uma tropilha de cavalos invisíveis.</p>
<p>O Negrinho do Pastoreio é mito de origem gaúcha, com fundamentos católicos e europeus, divulgado com finalidades morais. A compensação e redenção divinas aos sofrimentos terrenos. A tradição popular concedeu-lhe poderes sobrenaturais, canonizando-o. Possui inúmeros devotos. Afilhado da Virgem, encontra objetos perdidos, bastando prometer-lhe um toco de vela que será dado à madrinha. Em algumas versões, oferece-se também, um naco de fumo para o menino.</p></blockquote>
<div class="translation">&#8220;<em>Negrinho do Pastoreio</em><br />
This boy was an orphan slave who belonged to a rich, cruel and arrogant land owner. He suffered many tortures and injuries, being mistreated by everyone, including the land owner&#39;s sons. Once, after losing track of one of his master&#39;s drove of horses, the boy was beaten without mercy. His almost lifeless body was then left at the top of a giant anthill, so that he could be devoured by the ants. On the next day, the land owner, his soul tormented by his acts, went back to the anthill but didn&#39;t find the poor boy&#39;s body. Instead, he met Our Lady along with the boy, who was her godson, healthy and happy, riding a wild horse and herding a drove of invisible horses.<br />
The <em>Negrinho do Pastoreio</em> [which can be roughly translated as &#8220;The Little Black Herding Boy&#8221;] is a <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gaucho">gaúcho</a> [southern Brazilian or Argentinean] myth with a catholic and European basis, told with a moral goal: the divine compensation and redemption from earthly sufferings. The popular tradition gave him supernatural powers, turning him into a sort of popular saint. He has a lot of devout followers. Godson to the Virgin, he can find lost objects if you promise him to light a stump of candle for his Godmother. In some versions, he can also ask for a pinch of tobacco in exchange for his favors.&#8221;</div>
<blockquote><p>A Cuca</p>
<p>A cuca é um papão, um ente fantástico que mete medo às crianças causando pavor. Sua aparência varia de lugar para lugar, mas a maioria das pessoas diz que ela tem a forma de uma velha, bem velha e enrugada, corcunda,  cabeleira branca, toda desgrenhada, com aspecto assustador. Ela só aparece à noite, sempre procurando por aquelas crianças que fazem pirraça e não querem ir dormir cedo. Então, a cuca as coloca num saco, levando-as embora para não se sabe onde e faz com elas não se sabe bem o que, mas, com toda certeza, trata-se de algo muito terrível.</p>
<p>Ela também é chamada de coca ou coco e assombra crianças de Portugal, Espanha, alguns países africanos e tribos indígenas brasileiras. Em alguns lugares ela é um velho, em outros, se parece com um jacaré ou uma coruja.</p>
<p>Existem muitas canções e versos sobre a cuca. Luís da Câmara Cascudo, em Geografia dos mitos do Brasil, indica a seguinte cantiga, comum no Nordeste brasileira:</p>
<p>Dorme, neném<br />
Se não a cuca vem<br />
Papai foi pra roça<br />
Mamãe logo vem</p></blockquote>
<div class="translation">&#8220;<em>Cuca</em><br />
<em>Cuca</em> is a <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bogeyman">bogeyman</a>, a fantastical being that instills fear in children, causing terror. It&#39;s appearance varies from place to place, but most people say that it looks like a hag, very old and wrinkled, bent and humped, with a mass of tangled white hairs and is a frightening vision. She only appears at night, always looking for misdemeaning children who don&#39;t want to go to bed early. Then, <em>Cuca</em> puts these children in a big sack, taking them away to nobody knows where, to do nobody knows what, but certainly terrible things, to them.<br />
She can be called <em>coca</em> or <em>coco</em> and frightens children in Portugal, Spain and some African countries, and some Brazilian indigenous tribes too. In some places she is an old man, in others she looks like an alligator or an owl.<br />
There are many songs and verses about <em>cuca</em>. <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lu%C3%ADs_da_C%C3%A2mara_Cascudo">Luís da Câmara Cascudo</a>, in his book Geografia dos Mitos do Brazil [&#8221;The Geography of Brazilian Myths&#8221;], comments on the following folk song, very common in the Brazilian northeast:<br />
&#8216;Sleep, baby<br />
Or cuca will come<br />
Dad is working<br />
And mum is soon to come&#39;.&#8221;</div>
<blockquote><p>A loira do banheiro</p>
<p>Ela vive nos banheiros das escolas. Possui farta cabeleira loira, é muito pálida, tem os olhos fundos e as narinas tapadas por algodão, a fim de que o sangue não escorra. Causa pânico entre os estudantes.</p>
<p>Dizem que era uma aluna que gostava de cabular as aulas, escondendo-se no banheiro. Um dia, caiu, bateu com a cabeça e morreu. Agora, seu fantasma vaga à espera de companhia, assombrando todos aqueles que fazem o mesmo que ela costumava fazer. Em outras versões, é uma professora que se apaixonou por um aluno. Terminou assassinada, a facadas, pelo marido traído. Tem o rosto e o corpo ensangüentados, as roupas em frangalhos.</p>
<p>Loura ou loira do banheiro, menina do algodão, big loura. Lenda urbana contemporânea que ocorre, com modificações, em todas as regiões do Brasil. Algumas vezes é uma mulher feita, outras vezes, uma menina. Os locais de sua aparição podem variar: escolas, centros comerciais, hospitais. Entre os caminhoneiros, surge nos banheiros de estrada, de costas, linda, corpo perfeito, belas pernas. Porém, ao se voltar para sua vítima, com o rosto sangrento, causa o horror.</p>
<p>Acredita-se, também, que seja possível invocá-la. Para isto, basta apertar a descarga por três vezes seguidas ou chutar, com força, o vaso sanitário. Então, ela aparecerá, pronta para atacar a primeira pessoa que entrar no banheiro.</p></blockquote>
<div class="translation">&#8220;<em>A Loira do Banheiro</em> [&#8221;The Blondie of the Toilet&#8221;]<br />
She lives in school toilets. She has long and full blond hair, and is very pale, with sunken eyes and cotton balls in her nostrils to keep her blood from pouring out. She causes panic among students.<br />
Some say she was once a student herself who used to play truant by hiding inside the toilet. One day, she fell and hit her head against something, dying on the spot. Now, her ghost wanders looking for company and haunts everyone who likes doing the things she did. In other versions, she was a teacher who fell in love with a student. She ended up murdered, stabbed to death by her betrayed husband. She has the face and the body covered in blood and the clothes reduced to rags.<br />
Loira do Banheiro [&#8221;The Blondie of the Restroom&#8221;], menina do algodão [&#8221;the cotton girl&#8221;], big loura [&#8221;the big blondie&#8221;]. This contemporary urban legend occurs, with slight modifications, in all regions of Brazil. Sometimes she is a grown woman, in others she is just a little girl. The places she haunts can vary: schools, commercial centers, hospitals. Among the truck drivers, she appears at public toilets, with her back turned to the observer, beautiful, with a perfect body, gorgeous legs. But once she looks at the victim, her face is covered in blood and causes horror in those who look at her.<br />
Some believe she can be summoned. To do so, you only need to flush the toilet three times and then kick  the toilet seat violently, she will then appear, ready to attack the first person to come into the toilet.&#8221;</div>
<p>Some people disagree that <em>Loira do Banheiro</em> could be the same thing as Big Loura. Some even say that there&#39;s no ghost named Big Loura in Brazil. A friend of mine, who is a great student of the <em>Loira do Banheiro</em> urban legends herself, told me that there are many other ways to summon this ghost, some of them involve blood, or swearing in front of the mirror, and in some cases <em>Loira do Banheiro</em> will come to get the summoner. Other versions of this legend say that this ghost died after being raped while she was playing truant inside the toilet. These facts are deeply mysterious, and we&#39;ll delve deeper into them in the second part of this series.</p>
<p>On the site <a href="http://www.perfeitauniao.org/">PerfeitaUniao.org</a> we can find <a href="http://www.perfeitauniao.org/oficina/2000/lendas_e_mitos_do_brasil.htm">lots of stories and Brazilian myths</a> [Pt], like, for example, the <em>Boitatá</em>, the Brazilian counterpart of the British <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Will_o_wisp">Will o&#39; Wisp</a> and the <a href="http://globalvoicesonline.org/2008/10/06/latin-america-lore-ghosts-demons-and-frights/">Latin-American Luz do Mal</a>, and the legend of the <em>Curupira</em>, along with the myths of <em>Iara Mãe-d&#39;Água</em> [&#8221;Iara Mother of the Waters&#8221;] and <em>Uratau</em>, the bird whose song frightens the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Caboclo">caboclos</a> but enchants the indigenous Tupi-Guarani people:</p>
<blockquote><p>Boitatá</p>
<p>Esta é uma versão brasileira do mito explicativo do fogo-fátuo ou santelmo, existente em quase todas as culturas. Na Alemanha, ele é a Irrlicht (a luz louca), que é carregada por minúsculos e invisíveis anões. Na Inglaterra é o Jack with a lantern que, em forma de fantasma, guiava os viajantes pelos charcos e banhados; na França é o Sinistro Moine des marais (monge dos banhados), com as mesmas finalidades de guias de pântanos; em Portugal são as alminhas, as almas dos meninos pagãos ou a alma penada que deixou dinheiro enterrado não se podendo salvar enquanto este ficar infrutífero.</p>
<p>No Brasil é um mito dos mais antigos e de origem quase que totalmente indígena. Seria uma cobra-de-fogo que vagava pelos campos, protegendo-os contra aqueles que os incendeiam. Às vezes transformava-se em grosso madeiro em brasas que fazia morrer, por combustão, aquele que queima inutilmente os campos. O boitatá foi citado por Padre Anchieta em carta de São Vicente de 31 de maio de 1560. O padre traduziu o nome por &#8220;cousa de fogo, o qiue é todo fogo&#8221;. Mbai, coisa e tatá, fogo, davam a versão exata: um fogo vivo que se desloca, largando um rastro luminoso. Como há outra palavra tupi parecida, mboi, cobra; chegou-se a mboi-tatá, a cobra de fogo. Também é conhecido como uma serpente de fogo, que reside na água, ou uma cobra grande que mata os animais, comendo-lhe os olhos; por isso fica cheia de luz de todos esses olhos. Touro ou boi que solta fogo pela boca. Espírito de gente ruim, que vaga pela terra, tocando fogo nos campos ou saindo que nem um rojão ou tocha de fogo, em variantes diversas. É conhecido por diversos nomes em diferentes regiões do Brasil.</p>
<p>No Norte e Nordeste é chamado de batatão, no Centro-Sul de boitatá, bitatá, batatá e baitatá. Já em Minas Gerais também é conhecido como batatal, e ainda como biatatá, na Bahia. Prudentemente, Anchieta dizia: &#8220;O que seja isto, ainda não se sabe com certeza&#8221;.</p></blockquote>
<div class="translation">&#8220;<em>Boitatá</em><br />
This is a Brazilian version of the myth that explains the Will o&#39; Wisp or Saint-Elmo&#39;s Fire which exists in almost all cultures. In Germany, it is the <em>Irrlicht</em> (the mad light) carried by tiny and invisible dwarves. In England it is the Jack Lantern who, in the form of a ghost, guides the travelers through the bogs and wetlands; in France it is the <em>Sinister Moine des Marais</em> (monk from the wetlands), with the same attributes as the swamp guides; in Portugal they are the <em>alminhas</em> (little souls), the souls of the pagan boys or the apparition of a soul who left behind some buried money and can&#39;t save itself until this treasure is found by someone.<br />
In Brazil this is one of the oldest myths, and it&#39;s origin is almost entirely indigenous. It would be a fire-snake that wandered the fields, protecting against those who try to set fire to them. Sometimes it&#39;s transformed into a thick burning log that kills by combustion those who burn the fields uselessly. The <em>boitatá</em> was mentioned by the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_de_Anchieta">priest Anchieta</a> in his São Vicente letter dated of May 31, 1560. The priest translated its name as a &#8216;thing of fire, that is all fire&#39;. <em>Mbai</em> means thing, and <em>tatá</em> fire, giving the exact version: a living fire that moves, leaving a bright track. Since there&#39;s another similar <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tupian_languages">tupi</a> word, <em>mboi</em>, that means snake, we come to <em>mboi-tatá</em>, the fire snake. It is also known as a serpent of fire that lives in the water, or a big snake that kills the animals and eats their eyes; that&#39;s why it is so full of light &#8212; it&#39;s the light of their eyes. [It can be] a bull or an ox that breathes fire from it&#39;s mouth or a bad person&#39;s spirit who wanders the land, torching the fields or running around as a firecracker or a torch, in differing versions. It is known by different names in different regions of Brazil.<br />
In the Northeast is called <em>batatão</em>, in the center-south is <em>boitatá</em>, <em>bitatá</em>, <em>batatá</em> and <em>baitatá</em>. In the state of Minas Gerais, it&#39;s known as <em>batatal</em>, and in Bahia it&#39;s called <em>biatatá</em>. Cautiously, the priest Anchieta said: &#8216;What it may be is still not known for sure&#39;.&#8221;</div>
<p style="text-align: center;"><img class="aligncenter" src="http://fc61.deviantart.com/fs10/f/2006/326/6/a/Curupira__Saci_and_others_by_Ferigato.jpg" alt="\'Curupira, Saci and others\', by ~ferigato user at DeviantART" /></p>
<p style="text-align: center;"><em><a href="http://ferigato.deviantart.com/art/Curupira-Saci-and-others-43472109">Curupira, Saci and others</a>, by <a href="http://ferigato.deviantart.com/">~ferigato</a> user at DeviantART</em><em>. Published under a <a href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/">Creative Commons BY-NC-ND-3.0 Licence</a></em></p>
<blockquote><p>Curupira</p>
<p>A primeira assombração indígena a ser adotada pelos europeus foi o curupira. Anchieta se refere a ele em carta de 30 de maio de 1560, escrita de São Vicente, São Paulo: &#8220;É coisa sabida e pela boca de todos corre que há certos demônios a quem os brasis chamam de Corupiras, que acometem aos índios muitas vezes, no mato, dão-lhes de açoites, machucam e matam. São testemunhas disso alguns de nossos irmãos que viram, algumas vezes, os mortos por eles. Por isso, costumam os índios deixarem em certos caminhos, que por ásperas brenhas vai ter ao interior das terras, no cume da mais alta montanha, quando por cá passam, penas de aves, abanadores, fechas e outras coisas semelhantes, como uma espécie de oblação, rogando fervorosamente aos curupiras que não lhes façam mal&#8221;. É um dos poucos casos de oferenda propiciatória que se verifica entre os índios brasileiros. A criação de mito semelhante se verifica em quase todas as culturas antigas.</p>
<p>O curupira é descrito como um indiozinho ágil, de pés voltados para trás, cabelos vermelhos ou cabeça raspada, protetor das árvores e da caça, senhor dos animais que habitam a floresta. Antes das grandes tempestades, percorre a mata percutindo o tronco das árvores para assegurar a sua resistência. Personifica o rumor da floresta e as incertezas de quem se aventura mata adentro. Quando quer pode ser bondoso. Mas, em geral, ele voltava-se contras os caçadores em defesa dos animais.</p>
<p>Seu assobio estridente é motivo para o caçador se apavorar e perder-se na mata. Nota-se que não é um gênio bom. É enganador e assassino. Seus pés virados iludem os perseguidores por deixar rastros falsos no chão. Pode, contudo, ajudar a alguns caçadores em troca de comida, dado-lhes armas e transmitindo-lhes segredos que, se revelados, são punidos com a morte.</p></blockquote>
<div class="translation">&#8220;<em>Curupira</em><br />
The first indigenous haunt to be adopted by the European was <em>curupira</em>. Anchieta makes a reference to it in his letter dated of May 30th 1560, written in São Vicente, in <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%A3o_Paulo_dos_Campos_de_Piratininga">São Paulo</a>: &#8216;It is known, and by everyone&#39;s mouths, that there are certain demons that the <em>brasis</em> [as he refered to the native Indians] name <em>Curupiras</em>, that often haunt Indians in the woods and lash, hurt and kill them. Some of our brothers give testimony of this, having seen those killed by it. That&#39;s why Indians have the custom of leaving  bird feathers, fans, arrows and other similar things, as a kind of offering, on the top of the highest hills when threading certain trails that lead, through rough paths, to the heart of those lands. They ask <em>curupiras</em> with fervor that no harm is done to them&#39;. This is one of the few verified cases of <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Propitiatory">propitiatory offerings</a> among Brazilian indigenous peoples. The creation of similar myths is confirmed among almost all ancient cultures.<br />
<em>Curupira</em> is described as a very nimble little Indian, with his feet turned backwards, fire-red hair or a shaved head, a guardian of trees and game animals, master of all animals that inhabit the forest. Before big storms, it strides along the woods drumming the large tree trunks to assure resilience. It embodies forest sounds and the uncertainties of venturing into the wilderness. When it wants to, it can be generous. But it generally turns against hunters, in defense of animals.<br />
Its high pitched whistling makes hunters panic and lose their way in the woods. It&#39;s well known that it&#39;s not a benevolent spirit but is misleading and murderous. Its backwards feet fool pursuers, leaving false tracks in the ground. It can, sometimes, help some hunters in exchange for food, giving them weapons and telling them secrets that, if revealed, lead to deadly punishment.&#8221;</div>
<blockquote><p>Iara, a Mãe-d&#39;água</p>
<p>Alguns mitos brasileiros misturaram-se a lendas européias. Como exemplo começamos com uma estória que viajantes portugueses encontravam por aqui. Eles ouviam falar de um fantasma marinho, afogador de índios, que espantava pescadores e lavadeiras, era o &#8220;ipupiara&#8221;, um monstro meio homem, meio peixe, que para se divertir, saía das águas para matar. Tempos mais tarde o ipupiara tornou-se a &#8220;uiara&#8221;, uma versão portuguesa da sereia. Depois uiara virou &#8220;iara&#8221; que &#8220;significa senhora das águas&#8221;, também conhecida como mãe-d&#39;água. Depois de várias transformações a lenda conta que a mãe-d&#39;água é uma bela mulher de longos cabelos loiros e olhos verdes, que vive em um palácio no fundo das águas, para onde atrai os jovens com quem deseja casar.</p></blockquote>
<div class="translation">&#8220;<em>Iara, a Mãe-d&#39;Água</em> [The Mother of the Waters]<br />
Some Brazilian myths merge themselves with European legends. As an example, we start with a story that the Portuguese travelers heard here [in Brazil] about a sea ghost, drowner of Indians, that drove away fishermen and laundrywomen called &#8216;<em>ipupiara</em>&#8216;, a monster that was half-man, half-fish, that came out of the water to kill for fun. Later, the <em>ipupiara</em> became the &#8216;<em>uiara</em>&#8216;, a Portuguese version of the mermaid. <em>Uiara</em> then became &#8216;<em>iara</em>&#8216;, that means &#8216;lady of the waters&#39;, who is also known as the &#8216;mother of the waters&#39;. After various transformations, the legend recounts how the mother of the waters is a beautiful woman with long blond hair and green eyes, who lives inside a palace beneath the waters, to where she attracts young men whom she wishes to marry.&#8221;</div>
<blockquote><p>Uratau<br />
O uratau é um pássaro solitário e de hábitos noturnos que dificilmente se deixa ver. Pousado na ponta de um galho seco, fitando a lua e estremecendo a calada da noite, emite seu canto tenebroso assemelhado a um lamento humano. Por este motivo, o povo também o chama de &#8220;mãe-da-lua&#8221;. Seu grito talvez seja o mais assustador de todos, entre as aves. &#8220;Meu filho foi, foi, foi&#8230;&#8221; - interpreta o povo. Por causa de seu grito, o uratau é muitas vezes associado a maus presságios, mas segundo a mitologia tupi-guarani, é uma ave benfazeja.</p>
<p>Segundo a lenda, uma moça guarani chamada Nheambiú, apaixonou-se profundamente por um bravo guerreiro tupi chamado Cuimbaé, que caíra prisioneiro dos guaranis. Nheambiú pediu a seus pais que consentissem o casamento com Cuimbaé. Todos os insistentes pedidos foram negados, com a alegação que os tupis eram inimigos mortais da nação guarani. Não podendo mais suportar o sofrimento, Nheambiú saiu da taba. O cacique mobilizou seus guerreiros na procura da filha e, após uma longa busca, a jovem índia foi encontrada no coração da floresta, paralisada e muda, tal qual uma estátua de pedra, sem dar nenhum tipo de sinal de vida. O feiticeiro da tribo alegou que Nheambiú perdera a fala para sempre, a não ser que uma grande dor a fizesse voltar a ser o que era antes. Então a jovem recebeu todos os tipos de notícias tristes, a morte de seus pais e amigos, mas ela não dava nenhum sinal, até que o pajé falou &#8220;Cuimbaé acaba de ser morto&#8221;. No mesmo momento a moça, lamentando repetidas vezes, tomou vida e desapareceu dentro da mata. Todos que ali estavam transformaram-se em árvores secas, enquanto que Nheambiú tomou a forma de um uratau e ficou voando, noite após noite, pelos galhos daquelas árvores amigas, chorando a perda de seu grande amor.</p></blockquote>
<div class="translation">&#8220;<em>Uratau</em><br />
The <em>uratau</em> is a lonely bird with nocturnal habits that almost never lets other creatures see itself. Perched on the tip of a dried branch, gazing at the moon and shivering in the dead of the night, it sings an appalling song which resembles a human wail. For this reason, common people refer to it as the &#8216;<em>mãe-de-lua</em>&#8216; (mother of the moon). Its cries may be the most frightening among all the birds. &#8216;Meu filho foi, foi, foi&#8230;&#39; [&#8221;My son&#39;s gone, gone, gone&#8230;&#8221;] &#8212; people hear. Due to its cries, the <em>uratau</em> is commonly associated with bad omens, but according to <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tupi_people">Tupi</a>-<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guaran%C3%AD">Guarani</a> mythology, it is a benevolent bird.</div>
<div class="translation">According to the legend, a Guaraní maiden called <em>Nheambiú</em> fell deeply in love with a brave Tupi warrior called <em>Cuimbaé</em>, who was imprisoned by the Guaraní. <em>Nheambiú</em> asked her parents for consent to marry <em>Cuimbaé</em>. All her insistent pleas were denied, for the Tupi were sworn mortal enemies of the Guaraní nation. Unable to deal with her suffering, <em>Nheambiú</em> left the <em>taba</em> [settlement]. The <em>cacique</em> [indigenous leader] mobilized all his warriors to look for his missing daughter and, after an arduous search, the young Indian was found in the heart of the forest, paralyzed and mute, like a stone statue, without any sign of life. The tribal sorcerer alleged that <em>Nheambiú </em>had lost her voice forever, unless great pain could make her revert to her original state. Then, the young girl was told all kinds of sad things, for example that her parents and friends were dead, but showed no signs of changing state. Then, the <em>pajé</em> [tribal healer and witch-doctor] said &#8216;<em>Cuimbaé</em> had just been killed&#39;. At this very moment the girl, moaning many times, came back to life and disappeared into the jungle. Everyone there was transformed into dead trees, and <em>Nheambiú</em> took the form of an <em>uratau</em> and kept flying, night after night, among the branches of those friendly trees, crying at the loss of her greatest love.&#8221;</div>
<p>Speaking of Brazilian culture, the world famous Brazilian collaborative website <a href="http://www.overmundo.com.br">Overmundo</a> [Pt], <a href="http://www.aec.at/en/archives/prix_archive/prix_projekt.asp?iProjectID=14230&amp;iCategoryID=12420">winner of the 2007 Golden Nica</a> at the <a href="http://www.aec.at/en/">Prix Ars Electronica award</a> in the Digital Communities category, has a lot of very interesting articles about Brazilian myths and legends. One that stood out and took my fancy is about the work of a group of southern Brazilian writers and illustrators who are making a graphic novel named &#8220;<em>Um Outro Pastoreio</em>&#8221; [&#8221;Another Pastoreio&#8221; in Portuguese] which mixes drawing, photography, collage, prose and poetry <a href="http://www.overmundo.com.br/overblog/novela-grafica-rele-lenda-do-negrinho-do-pastoreio">to tell anew the old myth of Negrinho do Pastoreio</a> [Pt]:</p>
<blockquote><p>Fazemos uma releitura da lenda do <strong>Negrinho do Pastoreio</strong>, mais conhecida pela versão do escritor regionalista <a href="http://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jo%C3%A3o_Sim%C3%B5es_Lopes_Neto" target="_blank"><strong>João Simões Lopes Neto</strong></a>, publicado no livro <strong>&#8220;Lendas do Sul&#8221;</strong>, em 1913. A esta trama inicial costuramos elementos da religiosidade afro-brasileira, lendas africanas e pencas de referências das histórias em quadrinhos.</p>
<p>Uma curiosidade: o livro <strong><a href="http://www.gutenberg.org/etext/2837" target="_blank">Lendas do Sul</a></strong> foi a primeira obra literária em português publicada pelo <strong><a href="http://www.gutenberg.org/" target="_blank">Projeto Gutenberg</a></strong>, instituto que distribui gratuitamente livros e e-books na internet.</p></blockquote>
<div class="translation">&#8220;We are telling anew the Negrinho do Pastoreio legend, whose most famous version was told by the regional writer <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jo%C3%A3o_Sim%C3%B5es_Lopes_Neto">João Simões Lopes Neto</a> and published in his book &#8216;Lendas do Sul&#39; [&#39;Southern Legends&#39; in Portuguese] in 1913. We have stitched elements of the African-Brazilian religions, African legends and many references to the comic universe into this tale.<br />
Some curious trivia: The <a href="http://www.gutenberg.org/etext/2837">Lendas do Sul</a> [Pt] book was the first literary work in Portuguese to be published by <a href="http://www.gutenberg.org/">Project Gutemberg</a>, an institute that publishes books and e-books to be downloaded for free from the internet.&#8221;</div>
<p>According to the post authors, who are also the graphic novel project authors, &#8220;the project has changed a lot&#8221; and its progress can be followed at the <a href="http://outropastoreio.blogspot.com/">project&#39;s blog</a> [Pt] and <a href="http://pastoreio.org/">site</a> [Pt].</p>
<p><img class="aligncenter" src="http://hifolio.com/media/25/07.jpg" alt="" /></p>
<p style="text-align: center;"><em><a href="http://hifolio.com/media/25/07.jpg">&#8220;Um Outro Pastoreio&#8221; page 7</a>, published <a href="http://pastoreio.org/previa/">at the graphic novel website</a>.</em></p>
<p>The amount of popular stories, myths, legends and haunts in the Brazilian imagination &#8212; either from urban periferies or vast rural regions &#8212; is as huge and vast as the country that craddles them. These mythic beings, and the ones that will follow them in the next two articles, are only some of the thousands that live in the Brazilian imagination, and that therefore inhabit sites, blogs and online forums on the Brazilian internet. If for some people modern times represent the death of the popular imagination, others say that the Internet is a new frontier, a new space for the curation and difusion of these legends, even if they are dislodged from their traditional places of birth and dwellings. We, at Global Voices, keep observing the wanderings of these beings in the Brazilian Lusosphere. But we keep the lights on as we observe them, just in case&#8230;</p>
<p><em>This post&#39;s thumbnail is based on <a href="http://flickr.com/photos/visionshare/2876774355/in/set-72157607193277158/">img_8055-1_edited-1-cropped</a> by <a href="http://flickr.com/photos/visionshare/">visionshare</a> on Flickr. The image was used according to the <a href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/2.0/deed.en">Creative Commons BY-NC 2.0 US Licence</a>.<br />
</em></p>
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		<title>Brazil: &#8220;Abortion is a Right, not a Wrong&#8221;</title>
		<link>http://globalvoicesonline.org/2008/10/02/brazil-abortion-is-a-right-not-a-wrong/</link>
		<comments>http://globalvoicesonline.org/2008/10/02/brazil-abortion-is-a-right-not-a-wrong/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Thu, 02 Oct 2008 22:22:12 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Daniel Duende</dc:creator>
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		<description><![CDATA[Sapataria [Pt], a Brazilian blog about LGBT and women&#39;s rights, posts pictures of a recent protest promoted by gender-issues-related groups against the legal views on abortion in Brazil, and shares their two-cents on the issue: &#8220;In many countries, the criminalization of abortion afects directly the poor women, most of them with black skin, who have [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><a href="http://sapatariadf.wordpress.com/"><em>Sapataria</em></a> [Pt], a Brazilian blog about LGBT and women&#39;s rights, posts <a href="http://www.flickr.com/photos/28833941@N03/">pictures</a> of a recent protest promoted by gender-issues-related groups against the legal views on abortion in Brazil, and <a href="http://sapatariadf.wordpress.com/2008/09/30/aborto-direito-nao-pode-ser-crime/">shares their two-cents on the issue</a>: &#8220;In many countries, the criminalization of abortion afects directly the poor women, most of them with black skin, who have almost no access to health services and contraceptive methods. [&#8230;] It&#39;s an attempt against the dignity and autonomy of these women, most of them poor, with no access to juridical or psychological suport.&#8221;</p>
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		<title>Brazil: Who is behind the &#8216;Cybercrimes Bill&#039;?</title>
		<link>http://globalvoicesonline.org/2008/07/28/brazil-who-is-behind-the-cybercrimes-bill/</link>
		<comments>http://globalvoicesonline.org/2008/07/28/brazil-who-is-behind-the-cybercrimes-bill/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Mon, 28 Jul 2008 18:57:01 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Daniel Duende</dc:creator>
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		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://globalvoicesonline.org/?p=47368</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Blog do Tião writes [Pt] about the companies and political groups behind Eduardo Azeredo, the Brazilian Senator that proposed a controversial Cybercrimes Bill that&#39;s being largely discussed in the Brazilian Blogosphere. The same post presents data that links Azeredo to some recently uncovered corruption schemes in the country. This link was provided by Luma, from [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><em>Blog do Tião</em> <a href="http://www.gpopai.usp.br/blogs/edutiao/2008/07/19/quem-financiou-azeredo/">writes</a> [Pt] about the companies and political groups behind Eduardo Azeredo, the Brazilian Senator that <a href="http://globalvoicesonline.org/2008/07/17/brazil-bloggers-question-the-13-new-cyber-crimes/">proposed</a> <a href="http://globalvoicesonline.org/2008/07/20/brazil-on-authoriterrorism-and-online-surveillance/">a controversial Cybercrimes Bill</a> that&#39;s being largely discussed in the Brazilian Blogosphere. The same post presents data that links Azeredo to some recently uncovered corruption schemes in the country. This link was provided by <em>Luma</em>, from the <em><a href="http://luzdeluma.blogspot.com/">Luz de Luma</a></em> [Pt] blog.</p>
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		<title>Brazil: Blogging Against Web-Censorship</title>
		<link>http://globalvoicesonline.org/2008/07/19/brazil-blogging-against-web-censorship/</link>
		<comments>http://globalvoicesonline.org/2008/07/19/brazil-blogging-against-web-censorship/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Sat, 19 Jul 2008 14:39:25 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Daniel Duende</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Americas]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Brazil]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Cyber-Activism]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Freedom of Speech]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Internet & Telecoms]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Law]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Portuguese]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Roundups]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://globalvoicesonline.org/?p=46887</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Censura Não! (No Censorship!, PT) issued on last July 5th a call for a collective blogging on July 19th (today) against web-censorship and the Azeredo Bill . Many Brazilian blogs, like Luz de Luma  [Pt] and Ladybug [Pt] answered to the call.
]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><em>Censura Não!</em> (No Censorship!, PT) issued on last July 5th <a href="http://xocensura.wordpress.com/2008/07/05/chamada-para-o-dia-da-blogagem-politica/">a call for a collective blogging</a> on July 19th (today) against web-censorship and the <a href="http://globalvoicesonline.org/2008/07/17/brazil-bloggers-question-the-13-new-cyber-crimes/">Azeredo Bill</a> . Many Brazilian blogs, like <em><a href="http://luzdeluma.blogspot.com/2008/07/blogagem-coletiva-censura-no.html">Luz de Luma</a> </em> [Pt] and <a href="http://www.ladybugbrazil.com/2008/07/19/blogagem-politica-porque-lutar-e-preciso/">Ladybug</a> [Pt] answered to the call.</p>
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		<title>Brazil and Orkut: made for each other?</title>
		<link>http://globalvoicesonline.org/2008/05/08/brazil-and-orkut-made-for-each-other/</link>
		<comments>http://globalvoicesonline.org/2008/05/08/brazil-and-orkut-made-for-each-other/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Thu, 08 May 2008 16:14:15 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Daniel Duende</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Americas]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Brazil]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Cyber-Activism]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Entertainment]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Freedom of Speech]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[General]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Health]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Humor]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Internet & Telecoms]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Portuguese]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Software & Tools]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Video]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Weblog]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Youth]]></category>

		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.globalvoicesonline.org/2008/05/08/brazil-and-orkut-made-for-each-other/</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Orkut, Google's experiment on Social Networking Services, is extremely popular in Brazil. More than 53% of Orkut users is Brazilian -- even more, if you take into account the Brazilian's profiles that don't show their country information and the profiles of Brazilians living abroad -- and more than 70% percent of Brazil's Internet users are actually profiled and active in the network. Daniel Duende takes a look on what are all these Brazilians doing there.]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><a href="http://www.orkut.com/"><img src="http://www.globalvoicesonline.org/wp-content/uploads/2008/05/orkutbrasil.jpg" alt="Orkut Brazil" align="right" height="91" hspace="5" vspace="5" width="204" />Orkut</a>, Google&#39;s experiment on <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Social_network_service">Social Networking Services</a>, is extremely popular in Brazil. <a href="http://www.orkut.com/MembersAll.aspx">More than</a> 53% of Orkut users is Brazilian &#8212; even more, if you take into account Brazilian&#39;s profiles that don&#39;t show their country information and profiles by Brazilians living abroad &#8212; and more than 70% percent of Brazil&#39;s Internet users are actually profiled and active on the network.</p>
<p>A very large part of Brazil&#39;s online life is going on inside Orkut. Still, most of the Brazilian mainstream media and the blogosphere don&#39;t pay much attention to this social networking service, unless there&#39;s something bad to be said about it. News about hate-groups meeting at Orkut, or about pedophiles using of the social networking service to exchange child pornography or to hunt for potential victims, are fairly common on both the Brazilian media and blogosphere. But what else is going on there? Who might be all these Brazilians at Orkut, and what are they doing there?</p>
<p>To give Global Voices Online readers some insight into the answers to these questions, let&#39;s take a quick look at some of the Brazilian activity at Orkut, and you&#39;re invited to come along if you have an Orkut profile or a Google account - you need at least a basic registration &#8212; in order to follow the links:</p>
<p>First of all, let&#39;s take a look at some profiles. The first thing you notice is&#8230; Brazilians have <a href="http://www.orkut.com/Profile.aspx?uid=17748938983486677577">a lot of friends</a>. It&#39;s very common in Brazil to add everyone you know &#8212; or even just heard of &#8212; and <a href="http://www.orkut.com/Profile.aspx?uid=14065203212480988602">fake</a> or &#8220;<a href="http://www.orkut.com/Profile.aspx?uid=8786338474252307568">non-person</a>&#8221; profiles to your friend&#39;s list. More than that, it&#39;s usual to add people you don&#39;t know and don&#39;t even want to know, just in case you wish to visit their profiles someday. It&#39;s also easy to notice how fond we are of showing pictures of <a href="http://www.orkut.com/AlbumList.aspx?uid=13305045037372230172">ourselves and our friends</a>, except when we want to <a href="http://www.orkut.com/Profile.aspx?uid=17380538820279377158">look particularly cool</a> (and that&#39;s fairly less common). Most profiles are very colorful in language and imagery, and <a href="http://www.orkut.com/Profile.aspx?uid=4884564778866445182">show a lot</a> about what it&#39;s intended for the profile viewers to know about the people behind them. It&#39;s easy to feel that despite <a href="http://www.orkut.com/Profile.aspx?uid=4820011644564285839">personal taste</a> differences, Brazilians feel very &#8220;at home&#8221; at Orkut and their profiles are <a href="http://www.orkut.com/Profile.aspx?uid=18271953597016050026">testimony to this</a>.</p>
<p><img src="http://www.globalvoicesonline.org/wp-content/uploads/2008/05/perfil-de-gigi-radio-amypb-mozilla-firefox.png" alt="Gigi, one of the famous Orkut divas" align="middle" height="241" width="480" /></p>
<p><em>Gigi is famous on the scene. Lots of friends, lots of pictures, long description, busy scrapbook: Typical Brazil. </em></p>
<p>The scrapbooks, places where users can leave open short messages to others on their profiles, are heavily used not only to chat, sometimes to many people at a time — is if everyone was in a house meeting or a party — but are also usual places to advertise parties, events and share quotes and textual fragments. It&#39;s a matter of opinion whether these are spam or just free-form personal advertising.</p>
<p><a href="http://www.orkut.com/Album.aspx?uid=8153496632944720848&amp;aid=1">Fake profiles</a>, as well as bogus communities &#8212; <a href="http://www.orkut.com/Community.aspx?cmm=95381">like this one</a> named &#8220;it must be boring to be a tree&#8221; &#8212; are very common. However, more than causing mayhem, these are more commonly put to <a href="http://www.orkut.com/Community.aspx?cmm=33225305">mostly healthy</a> humorous uses. Some even say Brazilians rise fake profiles and bogus communities to <a href="http://www.orkut.com/Community.aspx?cmm=36566378">a work of art</a>.</p>
<p><img src="http://www.globalvoicesonline.org/wp-content/uploads/2008/05/screenshot-orkut-hoje-eu-acordei-meio-bilingue-mozilla-firefox.png" alt="On " align="middle" height="230" width="400" /></p>
<p><em>On the &#8220;I woke up somewhat bilingual today&#8221; they don&#39;t even have forum topics. The community was made just for the fun of having it&#39;s banner on their profiles. </em></p>
<p>Now, let&#39;s take a look at the communities. Besides the vast majority of communities aimed more to provide <a href="http://www.orkut.com/Community.aspx?cmm=19383143">humorous</a> or <a href="http://www.orkut.com/Community.aspx?cmm=28312461">ideological</a> &#8220;badges&#8221; for their members to show on their profiles than places for real conversations, there are a lot of serious communities too, and a lot of interesting and passionate debates are going on there. Let&#39;s take two examples. one from a community discussing the <a href="http://www.orkut.com/Community.aspx?cmm=22045412">women&#39;s right do decide on abortion</a> and the other from a community discussing <a href="http://www.orkut.com/Community.aspx?cmm=47714548">Brazilian ban on WordPress</a>.</p>
<p>Abortion is only legal in Brazil in cases of sexual abuse or pregnancy that endangers the mother&#39;s life. In this thread about <a href="http://www.orkut.com/CommMsgs.aspx?cmm=22045412&amp;tid=2597070813010719159&amp;start=1">whose interests were behind the legalization of abortion in Brazil,</a> on the community &#8220;<em>Aborto: um tema em debate</em>&#8221; [&#8221;Abortion: a matter under discussion&#8221;], <a href="http://www.orkut.com/Profile.aspx?uid=17003827747132354253">mor@ngoღღ</a> says [Pt]:</p>
<blockquote><p>&#8220;<em>[&#8230;]Hoje li um texto* que no mínimo aguçou essa minha vontade de esclarecer a questão. Trata-se dos dizeres do Professor Humberto Vieira presidente da PROVIDAFAMILIA.</em></p>
<p><em>De acordo com sua pesquisa, ele mostra que existem correntes eugenistas que pregam o controle populacional usando entre outros recursos o aborto.</em></p>
<p><em>Essas correntes seriam responsáveis por discursos bem parecidos com o que vemos aqui. Por detrás de um feminismo de fachada querem reduzir-nos em número para que não representemos uma ameaça ao domínio dos países imperialistas.[&#8230;]</em>&#8220;</p></blockquote>
<p class="translation">&#8220;[&#8230;]I read an article today that sharpened my urge to clarify [this] matter. It was about what professor Humberto Vieira, president of PROVIDAFAMILIA [roughly: &#8220;PRO-LIFE-AND-FAMILY&#8221;] association, says. According to his researches, he shows that there are some <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eugenics">eugenic</a> factions that preach the population control using, among other methods, abortion. These factions were responsible for speeches that are very similar to the [<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pro-choice">pro-choice</a>] ones we see here. Hiding behind a facade of shallow feminism, they want to reduce our numbers so we don&#39;t represent a menace to the imperialist countries domination.[&#8230;]&#8221;</p>
<p>Then <a href="http://www.orkut.com/Profile.aspx?uid=16666873863152258873">Jose Guilherme</a> furiously retorts [Pt]:</p>
<blockquote><p>&#8220;<em>[&#8230;]se vc levou a sério esse texto mediocre e paranoico por favor vai pra comunidade do Olavo de Carvalho. Pq lá é que eles gostam dessas teorias de dominação mundial.</em></p>
<p><em>E se for verdade ? Vamos deixar de fazer algo pq os outros querem isso ? Vamos ditar as nossas políticas públicas para contrariar aos supostos &#8220;imperialistas&#8221; e não pq interessa ou não ao país ? E como diminuir população ajuda os &#8220;imperialistas&#8221; ? Tudo vago e sem explicação&#8230; claro&#8230;</em>&#8220;</p></blockquote>
<p class="translation">&#8220;[&#8230;]if u took this mediocre and paranoid article seriously, u should go to the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Olavo_de_Carvalho">Olavo de Carvalho</a> community. &#8216;Cos they really like these world-domination theories over there. And what if it&#39;s true? Should we refrain from doing something just because someone else wants us to? Should we modify our public policies just to counteract some supposed &#8216;imperialists&#39;, and not because it is in our country&#39;s best interests? And how does reducing the population help the &#8216;imperialists&#39;? All very vague and with no explanations&#8230; of course&#8230;&#8221;</p>
<p>Politely, <a href="http://www.orkut.com/Profile.aspx?uid=17003827747132354253">mor@ngoღღ</a> tries to support her point:</p>
<blockquote><p>&#8220;<em>Eu entendo controle de natalidade como determinar quantos filhos cada pessoa deve ter. Diferente de planejamento familiar. Pelo menos era o que eu pensava. Eu via planejamento familiar como dar ferramentas para que as pessoas escolhessem quantos filhos querem ter&#8230;<br />
Mas se a campanha vier acompanhada de atos proibitivos ou punitivos vira controle de natalidade, isso eu sou contra.</em>&#8220;</p></blockquote>
<p class="translation">&#8220;I understand birth control as the determination of to how many kids a person is allowed to give birth. It&#39;s not the same as family planning. At least, that&#39;s what I used to believe. I used to see family planning as bestowing tools for people to choose how many children they want to have&#8230;  but if the campaign includes prohibitive or punitive acts, it becomes birth control, and I am against that.&#8221;</p>
<p><a href="http://www.orkut.com/Profile.aspx?uid=9919595209312087503">Kelli</a> joins the conversation saying [Pt]:</p>
<blockquote><p>&#8221; <em>Meio incoerente não?<br />
[&#8230;]<br />
Aborto criminalizado é um ato proibitivo e punitivo, então vc tbm é contra?</em>&#8220;</p></blockquote>
<p class="translation">&#8220;Doesn&#39;t it sound a little incoherent? [&#8230;] The ban on the abortion is a prohibitive and punitive act. So, you&#39;re against this [ban]?&#8221;</p>
<p>Then <em>José Guilherme</em> delivers his <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coup_de_gr%C3%A2ce">coup-de-grâce</a>:</p>
<blockquote><p>&#8220;<em>Morango [&#8230;] Esse discurso é meramente uma forma de atacar a legitimidade de quem é a favor da legalização. Pintar essas pessoas ou como capachos de &#8220;agentes&#8221; externos&#8230; ou como ingenuos manipulados. Ou seja&#8230; ao invês de debater as questões&#8230; buscam atacar as pessoas e suas motivações. Ad Hominem em escala grande.<br />
Na ANDSC menos de 25% das mulheres disseram que abortariam/abortaram&#8230; então ao menos 75% realmente acreditam que as OUTRAS devem ter esse direito sem que isso seja reflexo de interesse proprio.<br />
As teorias ditas &#8220;Freakonomics&#8221; de controle da natalidade tambem foram rejeitadas pela ANDSC.</em>&#8220;</p></blockquote>
<p class="translation">&#8220;Morango [&#8230;] your speech is merely a way to undermine the legitimacy of those who fight for the legalization [of the abortion]. To make them look like servants to external &#8216;agents&#39;&#8230; or like manipulated naive people. So&#8230; instead of discussing the important matters&#8230; [you] seek to attack people and their motivations. It&#39;s a mass <em><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ad_hominem">Ad Hominem</a> </em>[argument]. At the ANDSC [Aborto não deve ser crime - &#8220;<a href="http://www.orkut.com/Community.aspx?cmm=48962217">abortion should not be a crime</a>&#8221; [Pt], a pro-choice Orkut community] less than 25% of the women said they would eventually get an abortion, or have already had one&#8230; so, at least 75% of them really believe the OTHER ones should have this right [to choose], without any personal interest involved. The mentioned &#8216;<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Freakonomics">Freakonomics</a>&#8216; birth control theories were rejected, too, at ANDSC.&#8221;</p>
<p>At another community, about the Brazilian justice <a href="http://www.orkut.com/Community.aspx?cmm=47714548">threat to ban Wordpress.com domain</a> [Pt] (already <a href="http://www.globalvoicesonline.org/2008/04/12/brazil-bloggers-united-against-wordpress-ban/">discussed here</a> and in many other places), there&#39;s a thread where the members show their discontent at the idea of one million users being punished for just one blogger&#39;s misdeeds. <a href="http://www.orkut.com/Profile.aspx?uid=799638275734196807">Paulo</a> calls its peers into action:</p>
<blockquote><p>&#8220;<em>Calar a boca de 1 milhão pelo erro de um ?<br />
Não podemos deixar isto acontecer. Se alguém errou, que pague-se pelo ato cometido, mas não se pode penalizar uma coletividade, devido o erro de um indivíduo.<br />
Temos que chamar a atenção da mídia e da sociedade para este cerceamento da liberdade que querem cometer.<br />
Mande e-mails para os amigos, para a imprensa, para autoridades.<br />
Se nos omitirmos, teremos nossa boca calada. E depois não adianta chorar.</em> &#8220;</p></blockquote>
<p class="translation">“Silencing one million [users] to punish for just one&#39;s mistake? We can&#39;t let it happen. If someone misbehaved, he or she should pay for his/her acts, but you can&#39;t punish the entire collective for just one individual&#39;s misdeeds. We must call the media and the society attention to this violation of our freedoms that they want to commit. Send emails to your friends, to the media and to the authorities. If we omit ourselves, we will have our mouth shut, and then it will be no use to crying over this.”</p>
<p><a href="http://www.orkut.com/Profile.aspx?uid=2681716263045927133">Athos</a> seems to agree with <em>Pedro</em>, and vents his frustration over his faceless suspect [Pt]:</p>
<blockquote><p>&#8221; <em>Se verem um blog de pornografia,denunciem.<br />
Vai ver é ele que fez toda a merda.</em>&#8220;</p></blockquote>
<p class="translation">&#8220;If you see a pornographic blog, report it. Maybe it was the responsible for all this shit.&#8221;</p>
<p>There&#39;s always a lot to say about Brazilian use of Orkut. On my next articles, I&#39;ll try to keep track of it, and use it together with the Brazilian conversations on the blogosphere, to amplify Brazilian voices on the Internet. This will surely provide a better picture of what we have to say to each other, and to the world.</p>
<p>As a bonus, here is a video, <a href="http://ecodigital.blogspot.com/2008/02/john-barlow-explica-o-fenmeno-orkut-no.html">provided by José Murilo in his blog Ecologia Digital</a> [Pt], where we can watch <a href="http://homes.eff.org/~barlow/">John Perry Barlow</a> — political activist, social thinker and mythical band Grateful Dead&#39;s lyrics writer — explaining his views on Orkut and Brazil, and telling us how he may have been an important part of all this Brazilian online party:</p>
<p><iframe src="http://dotsub.com/api/smallplayer.php?filmid=2605&amp;filminstance=2607&amp;language=en" frameborder="0" height="272" width="320"></iframe></p>
<p>&#8212;</p>
<p><em>The author of this article is on Orkut too. He may be found <a href="http://www.orkut.com/Profile.aspx?uid=16031243622865224309">here</a>. Don&#39;t forget to leave your opinion about his cat. Both man and cat appreciate it a lot.</em></p>
<p>(author&#39;s note: most of Orkut links in this article are in Portuguese)</p>
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		<title>Brazil: Against the slave farms</title>
		<link>http://globalvoicesonline.org/2008/04/25/brazil-against-the-slave-farms/</link>
		<comments>http://globalvoicesonline.org/2008/04/25/brazil-against-the-slave-farms/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Fri, 25 Apr 2008 05:17:22 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Daniel Duende</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Agriculture]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Americas]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Brazil]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Cyber-Activism]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Human Rights]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Labor]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Law]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Portuguese]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Roundups]]></category>

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		<description><![CDATA[Luiz Carlos Azenha, from Vi o Mundo [&#8221;I saw the world&#8221;, in Portuguese], blogs for the approval of the Congress Bill that changes the Brazilian Constitution to allow for the confiscation of private rural lands where the use of slave work is discovered. Azenha says &#8220;It&#39;s necessary to confiscate the lands of those who use [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><em>Luiz Carlos Azenha</em>, from <a href="http://www.viomundo.com.br/">Vi o Mundo</a> [&#8221;I saw the world&#8221;, in Portuguese], <a href="http://www.viomundo.com.br/apoiamos/pelo-confisco-de-terras-de-quem-usa-trabalho-escravo/">blogs for the approval</a> of the Congress Bill that changes the Brazilian Constitution to allow for the confiscation of private rural lands where the use of slave work is discovered. Azenha says &#8220;It&#39;s necessary to confiscate the lands of those who use slave work. The expropriation of lands where slave work is still used is fair and necessary, and is one of the most effective ways to eliminate impunity&#8221;.</p>
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		<title>Brasil: Alternative (poetic) justice</title>
		<link>http://globalvoicesonline.org/2008/04/25/brasil-alternative-poetic-justice/</link>
		<comments>http://globalvoicesonline.org/2008/04/25/brasil-alternative-poetic-justice/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Fri, 25 Apr 2008 04:21:27 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Daniel Duende</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Americas]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Brazil]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Law]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Literature]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Portuguese]]></category>
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		<guid isPermaLink="false">http://www.globalvoicesonline.org/2008/04/25/brasil-alternative-poetic-justice/</guid>
		<description><![CDATA[Hernani Dimantas, from comunix.org [Pt], cheers [Pt] the decision made by a criminal judge in southern Brazil, to exchange the normal penalty to be applied on 3 young Brazilians, accused of commiting internet crimes, by a curious alternative penance: read and review 2 classical Brazilian literature works each trimester. Hernani says: &#8220;Nothing better for a [...]]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><em>Hernani Dimantas</em>, from <a href="http://comunix.org/">comunix.org</a> [Pt], <a href="http://comunix.org/content/justi%C3%A7-pirata">cheers</a> [Pt] the decision made by a criminal judge in southern Brazil, to exchange the normal penalty to be applied on 3 young Brazilians, accused of commiting internet crimes, by a curious alternative penance: read and review 2 classical Brazilian literature works each trimester. Hernani says: &#8220;Nothing better for a cybernetic proto-pirate than reading and analyzing a literature hacker like <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jo%C3%A3o_Guimar%C3%A3es_Rosa">Guimarães Rosa</a>&#8220;</p>
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		<title>Brazil: Making a child murder into a media show</title>
		<link>http://globalvoicesonline.org/2008/04/24/brasil-making-a-child-murder-into-a-media-show/</link>
		<comments>http://globalvoicesonline.org/2008/04/24/brasil-making-a-child-murder-into-a-media-show/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Thu, 24 Apr 2008 05:56:07 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Daniel Duende</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Americas]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Brazil]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Children]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Law]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Media]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Photos]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Portuguese]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Racism]]></category>
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		<description><![CDATA[A child dies under mysterious circumstances. Her father and stepmother are the prime suspects chosen by the media and general public since the beginning, but the official investigations are still under way. Is it fair to lead 160 million people to believe someone is guilty of killing his own daughter before the final official pronunciation on the matter? What is around, and behind, the full time reality-show coverage made by the Brazilian media in cases like this? The Brazilian blogosphere talks.]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><img src="http://www.globalvoicesonline.org/wp-content/uploads/2008/04/isa_nardoni1.jpg" style="float: left; margin-top: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px; margin-right: 10px; width: 247px; height: 186px" alt="Isabela Nardoni" /> On the night of March 29, 5 year-old <em>Isabella Nardoni</em> was found dying in the front garden of the apartment block where she lived with her father, her stepmother and her two half-siblings, in a middle class neighborhood in <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%A3o_Paulo_%28city%29">São Paulo</a>. The caretaker found Isabella after she apparently fell out of her room window. Moments later, her father is said to have rushed into the garden, saying that someone must have thrown her through the window while he was downstairs helping his wife, Isabella&#39;s stepmother, bring their two sleeping children from the car in the garage to the apartment. Minutes later, Isabella died in the ambulance.</p>
<p>A criminal investigation followed, and police questioned the father&#39;s and stepmother&#39;s versions of the story. There is conflicting evidence. The case has received <a href="http://g1.globo.com/Noticias/SaoPaulo/0,,MUL386739-5605,00.html">nonstop coverage</a>[Pt] on Brazilian blogs and big media. There is still a long way for the investigation to go before a verdict, but many suspect Isabella&#39;s father and his wife may be the young girl&#39;s murderers.</p>
<p>This version of the facts has been repeated over and over in the last few days by Rede Globo, Folha de São Paulo, Estado de São Paulo and many other Brazilian TV stations and newspapers, not to mention on thousands of blogs around Brazil.</p>
<p>In the past, major Brazilian mainstream media groups haven&#39;t always been careful when branding this or that suspect guilty of a crime. The Brazilian police and investigation bureaus have often been pressured into giving the media information and statements designed to make individuals under investigation look guilty in the eyes of the public before the investigations are concluded. If, at the end of the official investigation, it is revealed that the real culprit was someone else, the same newspapers have rarely bothered to correct these mistakes, quickly moving on to the next playoff goal, political scandal or horrible death.</p>
<p>And the media circus and finger pointing is ramping up yet again in the case of Isabella Nardoni. Guilty or innocent of the horrible crime, Isabella&#39;s father and stepmother have already been declared guilty under the spotlight of Brazilian newspapers and TV shows, and one of the greatest supporters of these statements is the public prosecutor working on the case, Francisco Cembranelli, who has given many interviews suggesting that he does believe the investigations will establish the couple guilty of the murder.</p>
<p>Let&#39;s check in on what the Brazilian blogosphere thinks about the case.</p>
<p><em>C.Fagundes</em>, from <a href="http://e-squina.blogspot.com/2008/04/s-se-v-na-globo.html">e-esquina</a> [Pt], came up with <a href="http://e-squina.blogspot.com/2008/04/s-se-v-na-globo.html">this image</a>, linking <em>Rede Globo</em>&#39;s coverage of the crime with the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Big_Brother_Brasil">Big Brother Brasil</a> reality show, aired on the same station:</p>
<blockquote><p><img src="http://bp1.blogger.com/_cr4J52_Da-o/SAAzVruVjTI/AAAAAAAAAeM/hGDXLDF66fM/s400/bigb.jpg" alt="Big Murder Brazil" /></p></blockquote>
<p class="translation"><em> The image reads &#8220;Big-who-killed-the-girl-Brother-Brasil&#8221;.</em></p>
<p><em>Ismael</em>, from <a href="http://omalfazejo2.wordpress.com/">O Malfazejo 2.0</a> (&#8221;The Evildoer 2.0&#8243;), also <a href="http://omalfazejo2.wordpress.com/2008/04/07/notas-de-segunda-feira-85/">makes a joke</a> about Rede Globo&#39;s &#8220;reality-show interactivity&#8221; coverage of the crime [Pt]:</p>
<blockquote><p><em>&#8220;Breve nos programas do horário nobre da Globo nova enquete interativa: Se você acha que o assassino de Isabela Nardoni é o pai, ligue para 0300-703-584-01. Para votar na madrasta, ligue para 0300-703-584-02. Para votar na mãe da menina, ligue para 0300-703-584-03. [&#8230;] A ligação é gratuita.&#8221;</em></p></blockquote>
<p class="translation">&#8220;Soon, during Globo&#39;s prime time program grid, a new interactive poll: If you think Isabela Nardoni&#39;s murderer is the father, call 0300-703-584-01. To vote for the stepmother, call 0300-703-584-02. To vote for the girls mother, call 0300-703-584-03. [&#8230;] The call is toll free.&#8221;</p>
<p>On April 9th, <em>Ricardo Noblat</em>, a journalist who writes a blog hosted by Globo.com - Rede Globo&#39;s Internet portal - <a href="http://oglobo.globo.com/pais/noblat/post.asp?t=promotor_diz_que_pai_matou_filha&amp;cod_Post=96762&amp;a=111">wrote a post with breaking news</a> [Pt] about the case:</p>
<blockquote><p><em>&#8220;Foi o pai, Alexandre Nardoni, que jogou pela janela a filha Isabella Nardoni, de 5 anos. A informação foi dada esta tarde pelo promotor Francisco José Cembranelli em conversa reservada com um grupo de jornalistas. No passado o promotor foi professor de Alexandre. Refere-se a ele como &#8220;um vagabundo, que sempre viveu às custas do pai, um playboy&#8221;.&#8221;</em></p></blockquote>
<p class="translation">&#8220;It was the father, Alexandre Nardoni, who threw his daughter, 5 years old Isabella Nardoni, trough the window. The information was given this afternoon by the prosecutor Francisco José Cembranelli in a private conversation with a group of journalists. In the past, the prosecutor had Alexandre as one of his students. He refers to him as &#8220;a slob, who always lived on his father expenses, a playboy&#8221;.&#8221;</p>
<p>Next day, when asked by reporters about the statements Noblat quoted him as saying, <em>Cembranelli</em> denied having said anything like that, and made personal attacks to the blogger-journalist Noblat. Right after this, more than 200 comments were made on Noblat&#39;s post - most of them accusing Noblat of fabricating news or standing over dubious sources to make his statements. Up to now, Noblat has been answering patiently to all comments, keeping his faith in his sources and in what he stated before, and accusing Cembranelli of denying falsely what he had effectively said before, in that conversation with journalists.</p>
<p>About prosecutor Cembranelli, <em><a href="http://abric.wordpress.com/">Academia Brasileira de Idéias Confusas</a></em> (&#8221;Brazilian Academy of Confused Thoughts&#8221;) writes the words below in their post entitled &#8220;<a href="http://abric.wordpress.com/2008/04/09/qual-a-maior-tragedia/">which the biggest tragedy?</a>&#8221; [Pt]:</p>
<blockquote><p><em>&#8220;Já restou mais do que evidente a vontade de Francisco Cembranelli de ter a imagem associada ao um crime bárbaro para aparecer na mídia e ser lembrado pela participação em um caso de imensa repercussão nacional. Transparece, ainda, a vontade de que sejam, efetivamente, os pais os culpados pelo ocorrido, porque nessa hipótese o julgamento será espetacular, com mais holofotes e exposição pública. Se tudo isso decorre de mera vaidade ou se há no ar o cheiro de alguma vantagem decorrente do episódio, é uma incógnita. Em todo caso, parece desagradável que face a um crime tão bárbaro um ou outro sejam satisfeitos.&#8221;</em></p></blockquote>
<p class="translation">&#8220;Francisco Cembranelli&#39;s desire for having his image associated with a savage crime, so that he can appear a lot in the media and be remembered by his participation in a case of immense country-wide repercussion is more than obvious. It is transparent, too, wishes for the parents to be effectively declared guilty of what happened, because in this case the trial will be spectacular, with even more spotlights and public exposure. Whether all this comes from mere vanity, or whether there is in the air the smell of some advantage to be derived from the episode, is a mystery. Either way, it&#39;s uncomfortable to feel that in face of such a terrible crime one or another may be satisfied.&#8221;</p>
<p>On the above post, <em>Cranio</em> comments [Pt]:</p>
<blockquote><p><em>&#8220;Neste caso mais uma vez fico pensando se toda midiatização de uma tragédia familiar poderá trazer algum benefício à sociedade. [&#8230;] será que alguém que pensava em atirar uma criança pela janela irá repensar sua atitude? Será que criaremos leis que impossibilitem este tipo de tragédia? Ou apenas não havia nada de inteligente para veicular nos telejornais e aproveitam-se do gosto por sangue que existe na maioria da população e com isto aumentar seu ibope?&#8221;</em></p></blockquote>
<p class="translation">&#8220;In this case, I keep wondering if all this &#8216;mediatization&#39; of a familiar tragedy will bring any benefit to the society. [&#8230; ] would someone who may be thinking about throwing a kid out of the window rethink their attitude? Will we create laws that prevent such tragedies to ever happen again? Or maybe simply there wasn&#39;t anything intelligent to air on the TV news and they took advantage of the distinct &#8216;thirst for blood&#39; of a large part of our population, just to raise their audience?&#8221;</p>
<p><em><a href="http://www.guilhermefiuza.com.br/">Guilherme Fiuza</a></em> [Pt], a distinguished Brazilian blogger-journalist, experienced an ordeal somewhat similar to the one to which the Nardoni couple has been subjected. Eighteen years ago, he lost his newborn first son in a tragic domestic accident. At first, Fiuza and his ex-wife were accused of causing of the boy&#39;s death, and his neighbours and several people Fiuza says he had never seen before started fabricating stories confirming them as cold-blooded murderers, until it was proven they were innocent. Fiuza doesn&#39;t mention that he received any apologies. About his past experience and Isabella Nardoni&#39;s case, <a href="http://www.guilhermefiuza.com.br/?p=20">he writes</a> [Pt]:</p>
<blockquote><p><em>&#8220;Se não é possível à coletividade imaginar na sua própria pele o ardor da tragédia, já seria um belo avanço civilizatório se ela entendesse, de uma vez por todas, que a vida (dos outros) não é um Big Brother.&#8221;</em></p></blockquote>
<p class="translation">&#8220;If it&#39;s not possible for people to imagine in their own skin the burning feeling of tragedy, it would be already a great civilized advance if they could understand, once and for all, that (others) lives are not a Big Brother.&#8221;</p>
<p>About the hurried interviews given by the Police Inspector responsible for the case, who told reporters that &#8220;the investigation is 70% concluded&#8221; since the early days after the death of Isabella, <a href="http://www.guilhermefiuza.com.br/?p=23">Fiuza adds</a> [Pt]:</p>
<blockquote><p><em>&#8220;A delegada do caso Isabella informou que 70% do crime estão esclarecidos. Notícia importante.<br />
[&#8230;]<br />
Mas, doutora delegada, e se nos últimos 30% aparecer um personagem novo confessando o assassinato? Nesse caso, doutora, seus atuais 70% serão iguais a zero.<br />
Jamais se viu, em toda a história da investigação criminal, um caso 70% esclarecido. Das duas, uma: ou a delegada é uma revolucionária, ou é uma irresponsável.&#8221;</em></p></blockquote>
<p class="translation">&#8220;The Police Inspector responsible for Isabella&#39;s case informs us that 70% of the crime has already been solved. This is important news. [&#8230;] But, what happens if during the last 30% some new character shows up and admits the murder? In this case, lady, yours 70% are equal to zero. We have never seen, in all the criminal investigation history, a 70% solved case. Either the Inspector is a revolutionary, or she is irresponsible.&#8221;</p>
<p><em>Luiz Carlos Azenha</em>, from <a href="http://www.viomundo.com.br/">Vi o Mundo</a> (&#8221;I&#39;ve seen the World&#8221;), is another eminent journalist who quit his mainstream media job to become a full time blogger. <a href="http://www.viomundo.com.br/opiniao/um-osso-duro-para-a-maquina-de-moer-carne/">He reflects on the media&#39;s interest in this case</a> [Pt]:</p>
<blockquote><p><em>&#8220;A máquina de moer carne da mídia não pára. Precisa produzir continuamente. E produzir, sempre, algo sexy. Na pior acepção da palavra. Crianças defenestradas, arrastadas por automóveis, vale tudo desde que a morte tenha &#8220;valor&#8221; de venda. Ou seja, a morte de uma criança por desnutrição, aos poucos, bem diante do prédio da Folha de S. Paulo, na Barão de Limeira, tem valor zero na escala da notícia. Bebês mortos em reservas indígenas e em maternidades já se tornaram parte do trivial.&#8221;</em></p></blockquote>
<p class="translation">&#8220;The media&#39;s meat-grinding machine never stops. It needs to produce continually. And to produce, always, something sexy &#8212; in the worst meaning of the word. Children being thrown through windows, or dragged by automobiles¹, anything goes as long as the death has some &#8216;market value&#39;. That means that the death of a child by starvation, little by little, right in front of the Folha de S. Paulo&#39;s building, in the Barão de Limeira [avenue], has zero value in the news scale. Dead children in indigenous reserves, or in the child-care units, are already part of what is trivial.&#8221;</p>
<p>¹ <em>(Translator&#39;s note: This is a mention of the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jo%C3%A3o_H%C3%A9lio_Fernandes_Vieites">João Helio</a> case. Helio was a 6 year-old boy who died after being dragged outside his mother&#39;s car for seven miles in a car robbery. The case sparked <a href="http://english.ohmynews.com/articleview/article_view.asp?menu=c10400&amp;no=345564&amp;rel_no=1">a wave of demonstrations</a> against the increase of criminality in Rio de Janeiro and calling for harsher penalties in the case of heinous crimes. The week of João Helio&#39;s death, another boy died in a similar way in another part of the country. No newspaper noticed it. Only blogs took note of the case, but I couldn&#39;t find any mention of it in recent times. It might have not made any difference, but João Hélio was middle-class and white, while the other unnamed victim was poorer, and of darker skin.)</em></p>
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		<title>Brazil: Improving the police by the inside</title>
		<link>http://globalvoicesonline.org/2008/04/24/brazil-improving-the-police-by-the-inside/</link>
		<comments>http://globalvoicesonline.org/2008/04/24/brazil-improving-the-police-by-the-inside/#comments</comments>
		<pubDate>Thu, 24 Apr 2008 03:17:57 +0000</pubDate>
		<dc:creator>Daniel Duende</dc:creator>
				<category><![CDATA[Americas]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Brazil]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Cyber-Activism]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Labor]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Law]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Portuguese]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[Roundups]]></category>

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		<description><![CDATA[The Blog da Segurança Pública [&#8221;Public Security Blog&#8221;, in Portuguese], from Brasília, lists 10 possible and affordable improvements[Pt] that would make Brasília policemen&#39;s lives better, thus improving their performance at their work too. The blog reports successful experiences made by the police of other Brazilian states.
]]></description>
			<content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>The <em>Blog da Segurança Pública</em> [&#8221;Public Security Blog&#8221;, in Portuguese], from <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bras%C3%ADlia">Brasília</a>, lists <a href="http://segurancapublica.net/?p=857">10 possible and affordable improvements</a>[Pt] that would make Brasília policemen&#39;s lives better, thus improving their performance at their work too. The blog reports successful experiences made by the police of other Brazilian states.</p>
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