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August 8th, 2008


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Angola: Countdown to the long awaited elections

It is less than a month for Angola to experience one of the most anticipated episodes in its history. Sixteen years since the last elections, Angolans will once again have the opportunity to exercise their right to vote in the upcoming legislative elections, taking place from 5 through 6 September.

The atmosphere is quiet, although there are different feelings among the population. The more affluent people say they are going abroad; some smile and guarantee that nothing will happen because Angolans don't want war and suffering anymore; while others rush to stores to buy staple goods, just in case the devil pays and things go wrong, as happened in 1992. As a reminder, at that time the largest opposition party, UNITA, contested the polls and fighting broke out, leading to a resumption of the civil war that ended ten years later, with the death of the charismatic leader of that party, Jonas Savimbi.

When it comes to foreign businessmen based in Angola, they have no intention of returning to their home countries. The business community is confident that everything will remain the same after the elections and that it is not necessary to change professional commitments. Jotacê Carranca [pt] makes the following reflection on the local atmosphere:

Depois do primeiro processo eleitoral que foi completamente frustrante e traumatizante, aproxima-se a passos largos as segundas eleições legislativas em Angola. Se para muitos este processo é o renovar de esperanças e sinónimo da consolidação da democracia em todo o país, para outros, nas zonas rurais e naquelas províncias que sofreram de forma violenta, directa e dramática as consequências da guerra pós-eleitoral de 1992, penso que prevalece um sentimento de medo, insegurança, pessimismo e incredibilidade em relação aos benefícios que este processo pode trazer para a vida de todos os cidadãos. Nestas zonas há a necessidade de se fazer um valoroso trabalho de descomplexar, um processo que tem influência para além da política, estética, cultura, religiosa e filosófica. Há que transmitir a consciência social e individual.

After the first electoral process, which was completely frustrating and traumatic, the second parliamentary elections in Angola are coming up very fast. If this process is, for many, synonymous with renewed hopes and consolidation of democracy throughout the country, for others, in the rural areas and for those in the provinces who suffered such violent, direct and dramatic consequences of the post-election war in 1992, I think there is a prevailing sense of fear, uncertainty, pessimism and a lack of credibility about the benefits this process can bring to all citizens' lives. In these areas, there is a need to make a valiant job of simplifying a process that goes beyond the political, aesthetic, cultural, religious and philosophical influences. We must promote social and individual conscience.

Angolan President José Eduardo dos Santos has already issued a public appeal for calm and organization on voting days, saying that “it is essential that the safety of citizens and protection of their property is fully guaranteed, because public order is a prerequisite” . The leader added that it is necessary to have “respect for the views and ideas of others” without the use of “verbal or physical violence.”

We hope that the 8.3 million voters will have a peaceful environment to vote in and will do so in a perfectly clear, lucid way. There are more than 12 thousand voting centres throughout the national territory. Meanwhile, Angola is already lively with the election campaign carried out by the nine political parties. For more information about the political line of each one of these political parties please visit Eugénio Costa Almeida's blog [pt].

Written originally in Portuguese, translation into English by Paula Góes

Lebanon: An Italian Lesson for Lebanon

What are the similarities between Lebanon and Italy, other than the fact that they both overlook the Mediterranean?

Blogger Antoun Issa, in his latest post at Lebanese Chess argues that his understanding of Italy’s political corruption can certainly be compared - both directly and indirectly to Lebanon’s political corruption as well. He writes:

Like Italy, the Lebanese have for 60 odd years of independence been submerged in a corrupt political establishment that has shown no signs of disappearing despite bloody civil wars and endless economic failures.

Issa starts his argument by pointing to Italy’s Beppe Grillo (an Italian activist, comedian and actor) who has played a role in the unveiling of the Parmalat’s financial fraud (Parmalat is an Italian dairy and food corporation). He says:

The public's anger has catapulted anti-corrupt comedian Beppe Grillo into fame. Perhaps Grillo's most famous achievement was unveiling financial fraud in dairy giant, Parmalat, in 2003.

The blogger then discusses his own experiences by comparing his circumstances as a Lebanese citizen to Beppp Grillo’s statements:

The Italian comedian states that everyone in Italy knows about the corruption scandal, but thanks to a politically-driven media, no one speaks up. Sound familiar, dear Lebanese? Probably explains why The Daily Star never publish my material.

A brief and quick analogy from the blogger's point of view adds more details to his argument by drawing parallels between the Lebanese and Italian societies:

The scenario isn't much different in Lebanon. The sudden obsession with material possession, brand names, and a bubbling Beirut nightlife have contributed to the political fatigue, and soured the call for desperate change. Many Lebanese, like many Italians, prefer to ignore the political corruption stifling their daily lives by indulging in alluring material riches.

Antoun Issa ends his article stating that Italy has found its shepherd in Beppe Grillo, who has moved the masses:

…It is Italy's wake up call.
Now we just need to find Lebanon's wake up call.

MENA: Obama's Muslim Outreach Coordinator Resigns

Mazen Asbahi, the attorney who had volunteered as Barack Obama's outreach coordinator to Muslim and Arab-Americans, has resigned after accusations of ties to Jamal Said, an imam at a fundamentalist mosque in Illinois. Asbahi briefly sat on the board of Allied Assets Advisors Fund with Said in 2000.

yaman's amateur ramblings, a Syrian student in the U.S., remarks on the Obama campaign's failure to reach out to Muslim and Arab-American voters:

After 8 years of the Bush administration, Muslim and Arab Americans, like others, have been counting on a breath of fresh air to come their way so that they might feel safe and welcome in their own homes once more. When Barack Obama announced that he was committed to change, many felt for the first time that it was possible to hope for something less bleak than the legacy that Dick Cheney and Donald Rumsfeld had left behind. Unfortunately the Obama campaign has shown over and over again that it is more interested in playing along with an irresponsible media and its electoral antics, than it is in building solidarity between Americans from all communities and walks of life. If Obama wants to be the candidate of change, he has to exemplify that change throughout his campaign, not only through promises to be fulfilled after the elections.

The blogger concludes by giving his own suggestions on how Obama's campaign could better reach out to this demographic:

If Obama wants to reach out to the Muslim American community, he needs to do it by standing by them in the face of these and similar smear campaigns which are succeeding in making everything Muslim, and everything Arab, “untouchable” when it comes to politics and campaigning in the United States. He needs to take their concerns about immigration, Department of Homeland Security harassment, and foreign policy in places like Iraq, Afghanistan, and Palestine seriously. If he does this, it will mean more to Muslim and Arab Americans than the invention of token campaign jobs which look good on paper but might not achieve much–after all, even George Bush appointed an advisor to the White House to represent the Muslim community during his term, but hardly anybody from the Muslim or Arab American communities would call that the kind of “change” they were looking for.

From Morocco, Myrtus asks tough questions:

Why is it that everything even remotely Muslim surrounding Obama always ends up in a controversy?

Is it simply because the Obama campaign is spineless or is the Right just too powerful?

Israel Matzav speculates on how Asbahi was hired in the first place:

But there are two other possibilities as to why this happened. One is that Barack Hussein Obama and his campaign see nothing wrong with employing people who are connected to terrorists. After all, as Ed points out, Obama himself spent a lot more time sitting on the same board with William Ayers than Asbahi did with Said.

The second possibility is that the type of Muslim who isn't a terrorist sympathizer - the Noni Darwish's, the Ayan Hirsi Ali's, the Wafa Sultan's - wouldn't work for the Obama campaign and wouldn't attract many Muslim voters.

Neither possibility bodes well for an Obama presidency or for the future of the United States.

KABOBfest's Will, remarking on a story about Gazans buying Obama t-shirts illegally, had this to say about Asbahi's resignation:

This came right when the campaign excised more Arab-Islamic controversy potential. Its volunteer Muslim Outreach Coordinator, Chicago attorney Mazen Asbahi, resigned after 9 days to avoid any unwanted attention to his past associations with groups and individuals some believe to be linked to the Muslim Brotherhood. Yes, it's probably all bull. But the standard is higher is when you're an Arab or Muslim. And it's even higher when 12% of Americans think the candidate is Muslim.

* This article also appears on Voices without Votes.

AIDS 2008: Battling AIDS By Battling Homophobia

Red Ribbon on SidewalkAs the XVII International AIDS Conference wraps up in Mexico City, one of the many issues participants have been discussing is the international failure to adequately address HIV/AIDS among men who have sex with other men, often referred to as MSM.

SciDev.Net's blog points out that:

“In the 1980s, when the HIV was identified for the first time, the prevalence of the HIV/AIDS among homosexuals was so high that the disease was called ‘the gay plague.' The scenario changed, and it showed that the virus and the disease can be - how to say – ‘democratic' (!), affecting straight men, women and children.

However, scientific data have been showing that the prevalence of HIV/AIDS among ‘men who have sex with men' (MSM) is becoming higher and higher.”

The issue of protecting MSM was brought up by various officials at the opening session of the conference, including leaders from the United Nations and the World Health Organization, and the presidents of Mexico, Botswana, and St. Kitts and Nevis.

It was further reinforced by a report released at the conference by amfAR (American Foundation for AIDS Research). The study shows that globally MSM are 19 times more likely to be infected with HIV than the general population. In Latin America, where the conference is taking place, MSM are 33 times more likely to be infected than the general population, but programs targeting MSM receive less than 1 percent of total HIV/AIDS spending.

The report also found that data on MSM is scarce. Of the 128 countries examined, 44 percent failed to provide any data at all on gay and bisexual men.

Walt Senterfitt, blogging on aids2008.com, speculates about why there's a lack of information.

“A major reason for our lack of knowledge is the same reason why gay men and other MSM are systematically ignored or downplayed in HIV prevention messages and funding and why gay men are subject to arrest, imprisonment, beatings and death in many parts of the globe: Homophobia, stigma, discrimination.

Peter Piot [UNAIDS Executive Director] highlighted the public information campaigns of the Mexican government health department against homophobia as noteworthy exceptions to most government's either ignoring homophobia or actively promoting it.”

Gus Cairns, also blogging on aids2008.com, shares his hopes for how this conference could impact MSM.

“I hoped this conference would be a turning point in the recognition of gay men/MSM in the countries where we officially don’t exist, or are jailed or beaten up or are just plain to scared to be open.

And I very much hope it will, but it’s going to be a struggle. I was reading Elizabeth Pisani’s book The Wisdom of Whores on the way over and she has a lot of things so say about how the world adopted an ‘AIDS affects everyone' ideology because it was too scary and inconvenient to get politicians to do nice things for the people really affected, namely their ‘vulnerable communities’ or (and I’ll go along with Elizabeth in using the terms that don’t appear in policy pronouncements) their fags, junkies and whores.”

Hope was one of the themes at the first International March against Stigma, Discrimination and Homophobia, which occurred the day before the conference's kickoff to protest discrimination against those with HIV and to highlight homophobia.

Si Soy Gay describes the march:

“Thousands of people marched against Homophobia, beginning at the Angel of Independence on Paseo de la Reforma Avenue in Mexico City’s gay business and continued down Reforma and ended at the Zocala, in front of the México’s Presidential Palace. This was truly an International march because there were people from all over the world: USA, Central and South America, England, Europe, Asia and Africa.”

Charles Long posts this video of the march.

Gus Cairns says that even though great challenges lie ahead in combating HIV/AIDS among MSM globally, the march gave him hope.

“Just to see the banners on the Mexico march — ranging from the ones saying ‘homophobia is a public health problem’ to the handwritten one carried by a middle aged lady that said, in Spanish and English, ‘I’m proud of my gay son,' — gives me hope that the thing some of us have been most scared of and yet hoped for most: a re-gaying of the struggle against HIV, but this time drawing in the energies of gay men/MSM from around the world, may be starting to happen.”

Walt Senterfitt also posts reflections on the march.

“It reminds me that we have the power to fight homophobia around the world, if we mobilize, and link with all the other struggles for social justice that are also at the root of ending AIDS.”

Photo of AIDS Ribbon on Sidewalk by new1mproved on Flickr.

Georgia: South Ossetia Update

See Global Voices special coverage page on the South Ossetia crisis.

With local and international media outlets reporting that fighting is spilling over into Georgia proper, the latest military confrontation with Russia over the breakaway region of South Ossetia looks increasingly like war. Wu Wei reports from Tbilisi that the Vaziani military base just outside the Georgian capital has been bombed. The signs look very ominous indeed.

Reports say Russians have damaged the runway at the Marneuli airport near Tbilisi.

We are wondering what the Georgian airforce is doing.

Nobody has declared war yet, and the Russians are hedging, but when you put it all together, it looks pretty much like it.

It seems some dignitaries are on their way, like President Adamkas from Lithuania. They better land quick.

The same blog says that Embassies are now preparing for the possibility that their citizens will have to be evacuated. However, it is not yet certain whether such a move will be necessary.

It seems in case of an evacuation it will be through Armenia. Our Greek has been told the same. This seems to be a plan agreed at a meeting of all the embassies earlier in the week.

But nobody is expecting this to be necessary. I'm leaving for Lithuania next Thursday anyway, for a long weekend.

A new meeting of diplomats has been called this afternoon which everybody but the Russians have gone to.

A Fistful of Euros examines the situation from Georgia, but also questions whether Russia will risk war over South Ossetia. It also wonders whether Tbilisi received tacit approval for military operations from the U.S. and Europe.

First, what will Russia’s leadership do? It was willing to have Russian planes violate Georgian airspace last week during the escalation, and reports have it that one bomb each fell near the Georgian cities of Gori and Kartveli. On the other hand, this looks like a gesture — if the Russians wanted to have bombs fall on Gori and Kartveli, they jolly well would have. Escalation by the Russian side is of course possible, but Saakashvili’s government has bet that Russia won’t be all that put out about 70,000 South Ossetians. The ruble and the Russian stock market, however, both had big drops today, apparently on the theory that you never know about escalation.

Second, what will the Americans and EU do? A senior State Department figure was here in Tbilisi last week, and I would expect that the Georgian side at least hinted very broadly about what was up. He would have to deny that, of course, in the way of these things. We can assume that the Americans did not warn them off. The German foreign minister was also here, with a plan for Abkhazia. It’s slightly less likely that he was clued in, but the topic of his visit points to the next item on the reintegration agenda.

The same blog also reports that while Russian jets have bombed targets close to the Georgian capital, there has only been sporadic outages in terms of electricity, Internet access and cell phone communication. Meanwhile, other blogs, such as one from Reuters, examine the possibility that Georgian military action is directly related to Kosovo.

Is Kosovo to blame for the fighting in South Ossetia?

When the Serbian province seceded from Belgrade in February, South Ossetia was quick to reassert its own claim to international recognition.

As a spokeswoman for separatist leader Eduard Kokoity told Reuters at the time: “The Kosovo precedent has driven us to more actively seek our rights.”

Those remarks will not have gone unheard in Tblisi and could well have added some urgency to Georgia’s desire to impose its rule over breakaway South Ossetia.

the will to exist also comes to the same conclusion, but says the situation is not the same.

South Ossetia is another Kosovo in the works. 98-99% of Ossetians want independence if you believe the results of their referendum. Unfortunately, that’s not the reality of the world. Independence for South Ossetia is no more likely than say, Vermont seceding from the United States. Either Georgia or Russia will dominate the territory for the foreseeable future.

Writing on Outside the Beltway, James Joyner again draws parallels with Kosovo and is concerned about the situation, wondering if NATO will have no choice but to intervene.

This is still a holdover from the breakup of the Soviet Union. South Ossetia declared its independence from Georgia in the early 1990s and has de facto sovereignty over large parts of its territory. While neither Georgia nor the international community recognizes the secession as legitimate, Russia has been sympathetic.

Tensions came to a head with Kosovo’s declaration of independence and the push to offer Georgia a membership action plan and eventual inclusion into NATO. Russia immediately began throwing its weight around in both South Ossetia and another breakaway province, Abkhazia. It appears that Russia is now making its play.

Given that NATO all but promised Georgia eventual membership at its Bucharest summit mere months ago, ignoring Russia’s move here is unthinkable.

[…]

This is getting ugly, fast.

Georgia: War in South Ossetia

See Global Voices special coverage page on the South Ossetia crisis.

Following clashes and allegations of the shelling of Georgian villages by separatists in the breakaway territory of South Ossetia, there are fears that war will once again rage in the volatile South Caucasus. With the media reporting that Georgian troops have surrounded the capital, Tskhinvali, all eyes are on how Russia reacts to the latest developments. Writing on BattleForums, Uncle_Vanya says that this is war.

The war has just begun yesterday, Georgia began massive military operations to capture South Ossetia, so far the civilian bodycount is 15 dead. South Ossetian capitol of Tshinvali is surrounded by Georgian forces and is being pounded by Georgian airforce. A few minutes ago Russian Peacekeeper HQs in the region reported that there were direct artillery hits on the barracks of the Russian peacekeepers and there were wounded. Russia is going to war, we haven't moved the troops yet but with our peacekeepers wounded we now have no choice, Russia is at a defacto state of war with Georgia. There is a report by Georgian ministry of Defense of a pack of Russian Su-24 ground attack aircraft dropping bombs of a Georgian city of Karel, the main city police building has been heavily damaged with bombardment, no reports of casualties as of yet. As I said, weeks later Russian forces have already been assembling at the North Ossetian-South Ossetian border and will most likely begin mobilizing towards the conflict zone some time today. […]

Georgia already considers Russian peacekeepers in the territory to be a party to the conflict, and the situation is made even more volatile by the fact that most South Ossetians hold Russian passports. Some media sources also report that Russia is alleged to have struck targets in Georgia proper. B & C Go To Georgia, a Peace Corps blog, already reports there are some signs that this might be true.

Brenden left for Khashuri this morning to go to a session for the trainees […], whereas I remained in Tbilisi. He was supposed to come back to Tbilisi this afternoon, but at some point after they passed Gori, the highway by Gori was blown up (this is my understanding–this hasn't been reported in English language media yet). […]

With all that said, the situation here is worse than it has been in the time we've been in Georgia. This is my own personal opinion (not the opinion of Peace Corps or the U.S. government), but I think this might develop into a full-scale war.

Aid Worker Daily posts a video and ominously titles the entry “South Ossetia - If this isn’t war I don’t know what is,” while Horizons Unlimited advises global travelers to stay away from Georgia.

Its all booting off now in Georgia … The Georgian military have stormed into one of the two wannabe breakaway zones, South Ossetia … and the Russians are vowing to defend their “compatriots”. Russian peacekeepers have been among the casualties. President Medvedev has summoned his security council, PM Putin has vowed there will be a response from Russia. Georgian President Saakashvili has called up all reservists.

Might be an area to avoid.

Nachspiel at Polemarchus' says that the conflict in South Ossetia is a test for the New World Order, but is unsure whether the United States or Russia will allow it to escalate further.

[…] I’m not an expert on this matter, or even on international relations at all. But I do notice one thing: an absence of the kind of confronational rhetoric categorizing the cold war. Admittedly, the big guys themselves haven’t started commenting yet, leaving the speaking to the diplomats. But that might also mean neither Moscow nor Washington are prepared to let this escalate into a major international crisis.

This is a test of the new world order after the Cold War, as fighting erupts on Russia’s doorstep. Let’s hope this won’t be proof of the new cold war neoconservative Robert Kagan claims is in the making. As yet it’s too early for an uninformed being to make predictions. I’m waiting for European and later American commentators to wake up and tell me what we can expect.

groul as a'housekeeper [RU] is updating its readers on the situation, but also reports that several web sites in South Ossetia might already have been hacked or blocked. But in a region where frozen conflicts and ethnic tensions threaten stability, perhaps the last word should be left to two cups of tea which says that “war is killing beautiful South Ossetia.”

War has come to a new part of our world today. As in all wars, innocent lives are affected in tragic ways. This does not come as a surprise on any of the party’s involved in the conflict.

It is sad however that Georgia, Russia and South Ossetia cant come to a peaceful solution.

[…]

We can only hope and pray peace, brotherhood and the willingness to listen to the people of Ossetia and Georgia, will win over pain and war.

More updates will be posted later.