Global Voices » Comoros

Comoros: A Hub for Drug Trafficking?

Paula Góes — Mon, 14 Nov 2011 10:05:53 +0000

The nomansland blog publishes a post [fr] stating: “Due to its geostrategic position and its socio-economic and political difficulties, the Comoros archipelago has become a hub for international drug trafficking to Europe and Indian Ocean”.

France: Violence Erupts in French Overseas Departement Mayotte

Claire Ulrich — Wed, 19 Oct 2011 12:19:30 +0000

Violence has erupted during demonstrations against the rising cost of living in Mamoudzou, the capital city of the French overseas departement Mayotte, where one man has died and another is reported wounded [fr]. Events can be followed on Twitter via the #mayotte hashtag. Rue89 has published testimonies [fr] from Mayotte citizens, while Politis accuses France of being indifferent [fr] to the fate of its Indian Ocean departement. Strikes and demonstrations are also underway in the nearby Republic of Comoros [fr], due to the soaring oil price.

Comoros: Blog monitors Fuel Shortage in Anjouan

Lova Rakotomalala — Sat, 24 Sep 2011 14:00:50 +0000

In his blog, Dafinemkomori documents fuel and power shortage [fr] in the Comoros. He explains that fuel shortage has greatly impacted greatly many other aspects of the economy on the island of Anjouan (rise of the price of tuna and power shortage).

Comoros: Reactions of the Comoran Community to Minister's Accusation

Lova Rakotomalala — Thu, 15 Sep 2011 18:11:46 +0000

After the French Interior Ministry stated that Comorian Community is to blame for some of the violence in Marseille[fr], the governing body of the Comoros Union is denouncing such stigmatization of their community[fr], it encourages Comoran to stay calm and fight back violence only via legal means.

Comoros: Provisional Results of the Presidential Elections and Possible Fraud

Lova Rakotomalala — Mon, 27 Dec 2010 22:22:33 +0000

Wongo's blog in Anjouan provides some provisional results (VP Ikililou Dhoinine projected with 65% of the votes) of the presidential elections currently taking place in Comoros (fr). Opposition claims that fraud has taken place in Anjouan though (fr).

Africa: African Merchants in Ancient China

Ndesanjo Macha — Wed, 08 Sep 2010 16:26:11 +0000

Eccentric Yoruba discusses African merchants in ancient China: “In my previous post I mentioned that I had read somewhere that two slaves given as gifts to the a Chinese Emperor by an Arab delegation were the first Africans to enter ancient China.”

Comoros: A blog about development in Comoros

Ndesanjo Macha — Fri, 18 Jun 2010 14:38:02 +0000

AlKomor is a blog “venturing a fresh perspective on new developments in Comoros.”

Moroni Blues, a Comorian musical comedy

Jennifer Brea — Wed, 12 Mar 2008 02:16:01 +0000

Vola, a Malagasy blogger living in Paris, writes [Fr] about Moroni Blues, a musical comedy by Comorian writer, Soeuf Elbadawi, which explores love, cosmopolitanism, and ethnic division in the island nation's capital city.

Mayotte: Who Lives There?

Alice Backer — Thu, 01 Feb 2007 04:01:56 +0000

Reunion Passion usually blogs on her homeland but recently she focused on nearby Indian Ocean French overseas department Mayotte (Fr): “Many cultures cohabitate in Mayotte, the first, of Comorian origin, constitutes 60% of the population, the second is Malagasy and is heavily influenced by the first and finally the French and Western influences the first two increasingly.” The blogger posts an original slideshow of the featured island.

Indian Ocean: New Web 2.0 Cultural Site

Alice Backer — Tue, 16 Jan 2007 04:52:11 +0000

Collective Malagasy blog Malagasy Miray announces (Fr): “Culture-océanindien [ www.culture-oceanindien.info ] is a space for cultural and islandness expression based on the web 2.0 principle. It was born out of the will to promote and support culture in general and more specifically that of the Indian Ocean. Many aspects of Indian Ocean culture remain buried to this day.”

Madagascar: The First Indian Ocean Musical Network

Alice Backer — Fri, 22 Dec 2006 08:35:01 +0000

El Sono Mondial announces that (Fr): “A seminar about financial management of cultural enterprises specializing in music (organized by the International Organization of La Francophonie) took place last week [in Madagascar] … The participants discussed creating the first Indian Ocean musical and cultural network.“

Africa: renewable technologies

Ndesanjo Macha — Thu, 28 Sep 2006 07:47:39 +0000

Africa Unchained writes, “Karekezi, S…surveys (PDF) the dissemination of renewable technologies in Sub-Saharan Africa…and attempts to evaluate the potential for these technologies to meet the energy needs of Africa’s poor…“

Africa: Moving on from the digital indaba

Ndesanjo Macha — Tue, 26 Sep 2006 03:44:50 +0000

Meskel Square on “Moving on from the Digital Indaba“:
“Overall it was a huge success. One way of judging that is to look at all the discussions that are still carrying on in posts and comments and Technorati links. The discussions started with the race debate which I now wish I hadn't joined (there was just something about that pig/hairless-bulldog). But it has now moved on to thinking about what should come next.”

Africa: Is the Battle against AIDS Lost?

Alice Backer — Wed, 23 Aug 2006 11:32:38 +0000

Forum Realisance believes (Fr) former colonial powers and pharmaceutical companies are partially to blame for the AIDS crisis but saves harsher words for Africans and failed African leaders: ” Ignorance and illiteracy reproduce AIDS blindly without the least use for reason. Isn't it sacred and legitimate to protect oneself? Why not do it? By weakness in front of the beauty of orgasm? Weakness because of the taboo of sexuality? Curious logic.”

French-Speaking Bloggers on Rabat Conference on Migration

Alice Backer — Fri, 21 Jul 2006 14:07:44 +0000

What Will the Conference Bring?

Says France-based African blogger Le Pangolin,

Du 10 au 11 juillet 2006, s'est tenue à Rabat au Maroc, la première rencontre interministérielle euro-africaine sur les problèmes des migrations entre ces deux continents.Elle a regroupé 57 pays africains et européens et certaines organisations humanitaires qui se sont bruyamment invitées à la table de négociation.

From July 10 to 11, 2006, the first interministerial Euro-African meeting on the problems of migrations between the two continents was held in Rabat, Morocco. The Conference attracted 57 African and European countries and a couple of humanitarian organizations that insisted on inviting themselves to the negotiation table.

Though cautious in his wording, Senegalese blogger-mayor Robert Sagna, was willing to give the conference's resolution the benefit of the doubt:

L’Europe, l’Asie, l’Amérique, l’Australie et même l’Afrique connaissent le phénomène migratoire ; il faut savoir le gérer ; la répression n’est sûrement pas la meilleure manière, comme le souligne la Déclaration de Rabat, il faut engager un dialogue politique, mais les solutions durables à mon avis passe par la Croissance et le Développement d’une part, et une répartition équitable des résultats de cette croissance et de ce développement, d’autre part.

Europe, Asia, America, Australia and even Africa are all familiar with migrations; it is important to manage the phenomenon properly. Repression is probably not the best way, as the Rabat Declaration emphasizes, we need to start a political dialogue but durable solutions in my opinion should involve growth and development on the one hand and an equitable distribution of the results of that growth and development on the other.

France-based African blogger Le Pangolin agreed that policing was a short-sighted solution and had mostly harsh words for the conference, for Europe and for Morocco:

De ce qui est ressorti de cette conférence c’est une impression générale d’une rencontre pour rien, même si pour certains observateurs optimistes c’est signe que l’Europe reconnaît son échec et surtout le Maroc malgré ses exactions envers les négro-africains de l’année dernière passées sous silence internationale, ne peut continuer à jouer au gendarme de l’Europe, car le Maroc lui-même est un pays qui offre que l’émigration à sa jeunesse malgré son potentiel économique.

There is a general feeling that the meeting was useless even though some optimistic commentators took it as a sign that Europe is recognizing its failure. Also, Morocco despite its internationally silenced abuses vis-a-vis Negro-Africans last year, cannot continue to play the role of Europe's cop because Morocco itself is a country that offers only emigration to its youth.

Les politiciens européens en manque d’idées et d’audace préconisent le durcissement des lois envers les étrangers et l’exclusion d ‘une partie de leur population. C’est ce qui ressort du plan adopté à Rabat ce sont des mesures vagues du genre :
ØCoopération entre l’Europe et l’Afrique dans le contrôle des frontières
ØRéduction de la pauvreté
ØAccroissement de l’aide au développement
ØEt l’Europe sans scrupule souhaite contrôler les flux financiers émanant des ressortissants africains à destination de leurs pays.
A lire ces mesures on comprend vite que les ministres africains et européens n’ont rien compris à la chose.
Pour les ministres africains c’était l’occasion de remettre à plat les rapports économiques existants, mais hélas les ministres africains n’ont pas encore saisi tous les contours du problème.

Unimaginative European politicians advocate a hardening of the laws against foreigners and the exclusion of a part of the population. That is what transpires from the plan adopted in Rabat, vague measures such as:
*Cooperation between Europe and Africa on the control of borders
*Poverty reduction
*Increase in development aid
*And an unscrupulous Europe hopes to control the financial flows between Europe-based Africans and their homelands
Reading these measures, it is obvious that African and European ministers don't understand this crisis. For the African ministers this was an opportunity to rehash the existing economic relations but alas African ministers have not yet wrapped their heads around the extent of the problem.

What is Behind the Migration of Africans to Europe?

Both bloggers attempted to put migrations of Africans to Europe in perspective.

Zinguinchor, Senegal mayor Robert Sagna thought:

Les flux migratoires ont toujours existé et sous des formes diverses : violentes ou pacifiques.
De nos jours, la libre circulation, des biens et des hommes, constitue l’élément essentiel d’un brassage planétaire, au cœur de ce qui est appelé « mondialisation ». Les biens et les services ne peuvent pas circuler sans les hommes, et les nouvelles technologies de l’information et de la communication ont fini de faire de ce globe terrestre un village planétaire, un vase communiquant où la richesse et l’opulence des uns sont une soupape d’appel des plus pauvres en quête de moyens de survie. Cela impose à l’humanité toute entière, une nouvelle attitude faite d’ouverture, de générosité et de tolérance. La notion de frontière fermée n’est plus de mise et il est illusoire de vouloir arrêter la mer avec ses bras.

Migrations have always existed and in various forms: violent or peaceful.
These days, the free circulation of goods and persons is an essential element of a global melting pot and at the heart of what is referred to as “globalization.” Goods and services cannot circulate without people and new information and communication technologies have completed the process of making a global village of the planet, a pipe where the wealth and opulence of some serves as a valve sucking in the less fortunate looking for means of survival. This imposes on humanity as a whole a new attitude made of openness, generosity and tolerance. The notion of closed borders is no longer possible and it makes no sense to want to stop the ocean with one's bare arms.

Le Pangolin looked closely at structural and historical issues:

Sur le plan économique, l’Afrique a du mal à nourrir sa population, sa production agricole détournée vers les cultures d’exportation pendant la colonisation, puis poursuivie les années d’indépendance a scellé le sort alimentaire des Africains. (…) Un pays comme le Congo pour un budget annuel d’Etat de près de 1000 milliards de francs cfa, dépense près de 200 milliards de francs cfa pour subvenir à ces besoins alimentaires (et dire que dans ce pays il pleut en moyenne 9 mois sur 12 et que près de 60% de sa superficie est constituée de foret).
Tant que les pays du Nord et de l’Asie continueront à subventionner leur agriculture et que le FMI et la banque Mondiale continueront à imposer le libéralisme à tout va aux pays africains en empêchant les gouvernements africains de subventionner leur agriculture, du coup tous ces éléments rendant l’agriculture pas du tout lucrative en poussant les paysans vers les villes (le taux d’urbanisation des pays africains a dépassé celui des pays d’Europe et des USA, on relève de chiffres dépassant 65% ) tout cela ayant pour conséquences :
L’augmentation de la pauvreté rurale
Ø Augmentation des bidonvilles
Ø Augmentation d’insalubrité donc des maladies infantiles et de sa mortalité
Ø Augmentation du taux de chômage, les migrants ruraux n’ayant pas pour la plupart de formation professionnelle, ces derniers manqueraient de tout (école, loisirs, santé, travail) d’où criminalisation de la vie privée et politique en Afrique.
Ø Augmentation des importations des produits alimentaires européens, asiatiques et américains avec conséquences augmentation de l’achat des devises étrangères.

On the economic front, Africa has a hard time feeding its population, its agricultural output having been channeled towards exports during the colonization period [and since the trend] continued during the years of Independence, Africans' fate was sealed. (…) A country like the Congo for an annual state budget of 1000 billion of CFA Francs spends about 200 billion CFA Francs to feed its population (this despite the fact that it rains about 9 months out of 12 and that 60% of is surface is covered by forests).
The countries of the North and of Asia continue to subsidize their agriculture and the IMF and the World Bank continue to impose liberalism at the drop of a hat to African countries while preventing those countries from subsidizing their agriculture, making agriculture non-lucrative by pushing peasants to the cities (the rate of urbanization in Africa surpasses that of Europe and USA at up to 65%), with the following consequences:
*Increase in rural poverty
*Increase in city slums
*Increase in sanitary and hygiene problems and hence in infantile diseases and mortality
*Increase in unemployment rates, rural migrants not having for the most part any professional training, they lack everything (schooling, entertainment, health, work) hence the criminalization of private and political life in Africa
*Increase in imports of food from Europe, Asia and the USA ensuing an increase in the purchase of foreign currencies.

Using Drained Brains Differently

Senegalese commentators on Robert Sagna's blog tried to offer solutions.

For Kader, brains being drained out of Africa need to be managed to the continent's advantage :

L’un des facteurs favorisant le flux migratoire est la possibilité de travail (même au noir)
N’oublions pas qu’une nation qui vieillit a besoin de sang neuf; c’est malheureusement le cas des pays européens
un renouvellement de la population est toujours à l’ordre du jour . Celà participe de la dynamique des populations.
un autre facteur qui se dessine est la volonté de moins investir sur la formation des cadres et de pomper les ressources humaines des autres nations: c’est la volonté affichée des USA et aujourd’hui de la France à travers la fameuse loi sur l’immigration
Quelle attitude développer? Réorienter la coopérations? L’heure n’est elle pas venue pour que nos ressortissants hautement qualifiés soient des “coopérants” de type nouveaux?

One of the factors favoring migrations is the availability of work (even on the black market). Let's not forget that a nation that is getting older needs new blood; that is unfortunately the case of European countries. A renewal of the population is always needed. That is part of dynamics of populations. Another factor is the will to invest less in the training of cadres and to pump the human ressources of other nations: that is the will of the USA and today of France through its new immigration law. What attitude to develop? Reorienting cooperations? Isn't it time that our highly qualified nationals become new kinds of “cadres”?